WordNet

unconscious from a blow or shock or intoxication; "the boxer was out cold"; "pass out cold"
a mild viral infection involving the nose and respiratory passages (but not the lungs); "will they never find a cure for the common cold?" (同)common_cold
the sensation produced by low temperatures; "he shivered from the cold"; "the cold helped clear his head" (同)coldness
without compunction or human feeling; "in cold blood"; "cold-blooded killing"; "insensate destruction" (同)cold-blooded, inhuman, insensate
sexually unresponsive; "was cold to his advances"; "a frigid woman" (同)frigid
lacking originality or spontaneity; no longer new; "moth-eaten theories about race"; "stale news" (同)stale, dusty, moth-eaten
(color) giving no sensation of warmth; "a cold bluish grey"
extended meanings; especially of psychological coldness; without human warmth or emotion; "a cold unfriendly nod"; "a cold and unaffectionate person"; "a cold impersonal manner"; "cold logic"; "the concert left me cold"
feeling or showing no enthusiasm; "a cold audience"; "a cold response to the new play"
having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration; "a cold climate"; "a cold room"; "dinner has gotten cold"; "cold fingers"; "if you are cold, turn up the heat"; "a cold beer"
having lost freshness through passage of time; "a cold trail"; "dogs attempting to catch a cold scent"
lacking the warmth of life; "cold in his grave"
marked by errorless familiarity; "had her lines cold before rehearsals started"
of a seeker; far from the object sought
so intense as to be almost uncontrollable; "cold fury gripped him"
push with the shoulders; "He shouldered his way into the crowd"
a narrow edge of land (usually unpaved) along the side of a road; "the car pulled off onto the shoulder" (同)berm
the part of a garment that covers or fits over the shoulder; "an ornamental gold braid on the shoulder of his uniform"
a ball-and-socket joint between the head of the humerus and a cavity of the scapula (同)shoulder_joint, articulatio humeri
a cut of meat including the upper joint of the foreleg
the part of the body between the neck and the upper arm
carry a burden, either real or metaphoric; "shoulder the burden"
lift onto ones shoulders
a pass between mountain peaks (同)gap
having shoulders or shoulders as specified; usually used as a combining form; "stoop-shouldered"; "broad-shouldered"

PrepTutorEJDIC

冷淡さ,冷遇,軽視
…‘に'冷淡にする
『寒い』,冷たい;冷えた,冷やした / (性格・態度などが)『冷たい』,冷淡な,熱意のない;無情な,冷酷な / (物事が)人をがっかりさせる,つまらない / (色調が)冷たい,寒色の / (獲物のにおい臭が)かすかな,弱い / 《話》(打撃などで)意識を失った,失神した / 完全に,全く / 〈U〉《しばしばthe~》『寒さ』,寒け,冷たさ / 〈C〉,時に〈U〉『かぜ』,感冒
《時制の一致によるshallの過去形》・《単純未来》・《意志未来》・《義務・当然・勧誘》・《should+原形》『すべきである』,するのが当然である,しなくてはならない・《should have+過去分詞》 …『すべきだった[のに]』,するのが当然であった[のに] ・《見込み・当然の結果》・《should+原形》 …『のはずである』,きっと…だろう・《should have+過去分詞》 …『して[しまって]いる(した)はずだ』,きっと…してしまっているだろう・《疑問詞とともに用いて,意外・不可解・驚きなど》『いったい…かしら』・《仮定条件に対する帰結節に用いて》・《一人称主語とともに》《現在または未来に反する仮定に対して》…『だろうに』,なのだが:《should have+過去に反する仮定に対して》 …『だったろうに』,したのだが・《二,三人称主語とともに》…させるのだが,したのだが・《条件節・譲歩節に用いて》『万一…だとしたら』(だとしても) ・《一人称主語とともに用いて,控え目で遠回しな表現として》…『したいが』,…するところが・《感情・判断などの表現に続くthat節に用いて》 …『するとは』,だなんて・《命令・提案・願望などの表現に続くthat節に用いて》 …『するように』,であることを / ・《目的を表す副詞節に用いて》 …する[ように];…しない[ように],してはいけない[から]
『肩』;《複数形で》(両肩を含む)上背部 / 《複数形で》(責任・重荷を負う)『双肩』,責任を負う能力 / 『肩に似た部分』;(服の)肩[の部分];(山などの)肩;(道路の)肩 / 肩肉 / …‘を'肩で押す / 〈物〉‘を'かつぐ,背負う / 肩で押す,肩で押し分けて進む
(山脈の)鞍部(あんぶ),山あい

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/01/21 11:15:33」(JST)

wiki en

"Cold shoulder" is a phrase used to express dismissal or the act of disregarding someone. Its origin is attributed to both 19th-century literary works and as a result of folk etymology.

Early use

Although the exact origin is disputed, the first occurrence of the phrase "cold shoulder" appearing in print is in the Scots language, from The Antiquary by Sir Walter Scott in 1816:^[1]

Sir Walter Scott.

"Ye may mind that the Countess’s dislike did na gang farther at first than just shewing o’ the cauld shouther—at least it wasna seen fartha; but at the lang run it brak out into such downright violence that Miss Neville was even fain to seek refuge at Knockwinnock castle with Sir Arthur's leddy, wha (God sain her) was then wi' the living."^[2]

where "cauld" is the equivalent of cold and "shouther" means shoulder,^[3] which is further supported by contextual usage in The Antiquary. Neither eating nor food is expressed in the passage, but the phrase is presented in a rather allusive way.^[1] The phrase also appears in one of Scott's later works, St. Ronan's Well and after the 1820s it had traveled to America. Dated June 1839 in a letter to the editor in the New England newspaper The Bangor Daily Whig and Courier:

"... eminent individuals and his cabinet advisers turned "the cold shoulder" to their ambassador, for his independent act upon this occasion."^[1]

Another explanation is that the phrase stems from a particular way to serve food to an unwanted guest.^[4] In this case, "cold shoulder" refers to serving of an inferior cut of meat, namely a "cold shoulder of mutton"^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8] to an uninvited guest, as opposed to serving a hot meal or roast that was fresh out of the oven to an invitee,^[4] which was customary at the time.^[8] This acted as both a direct and subtle means to let the guest know that he or she was or had become unwelcome, and had extended his or her stay.^[8]

Yet, a different source claims that explanations other than a fairly simple one may be the outgrowth of a very literal action: keeping one's back towards, or in the least a shoulder between, a person one was trying to avoid.^[8] In the late 19th Century Young women would often have blocks of Ice (for the Kitchen) broken into small enough pieces to carry up stairs on their shoulders, they would not stop and talk because in doing so would give them a cold shoulder.

One source contests that with the earliest citations coming from Sir Walter Scott, who also coined several other phrases, and not being in context with any food, that the attribution of the phrase coming from the serving of cold mutton shoulders is a matter of folk etymology, and that the source originates with Scott himself.^[1]

Modern day usage

Regardless of a definitive etymology, the phrase "cold shoulder" has been used in many literary works, and has entered into the vernacular. It has been used as a description of aloofness and disdain,^[1] a contemptuous look over one's shoulder,^[4] and even in the context of a woman attempting to decline the advances of an aggressive man.^[6] Overall, it remains widely popular as a phrase for describing the act of ignoring someone or something, or giving an unfriendly response.^[5]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Martin, Gary. "Cold shoulder". The Phrase Finder. Gary Martin. Retrieved 25 October 2010.
^ Scott, p. 69.
^ Jamieson, p. 475.
^ ^a ^b ^c Hodgson, p. 153.
^ ^a ^b Helterbran,p. 22.
^ ^a ^b Palmatier, p. 73.
^ The Nation, p. 207.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Eliot, p. 33.

Sources

Eliot, Sonny; Hill, Draper; Williams, Stanley D. (2007). Sonny Sez!: Legends, Yarns, and Downright Truths. Wayne State University Press. p. 180. ISBN 0-8143-3335-4.
Helterbran, Valeri R. (2008). Exploring Idioms: A Critical-Thinking Resource for Grades 4-8. Maupin House Publishing, Inc. p. 133. ISBN 1-934338-14-1.
Hodgson, Charles (2007). Carnal Knowledge: A Navel Gazer's Dictionary of Anatomy, Etymology, and Trivia. Macmillan. p. 272. ISBN 978-0-312-37121-0.
Jamieson, John; Johnstone, John; Longmuir, John (1867). Jamieson's Dictionary of the Scottish language (Edinburgh, W. P. Nimmo): 635. OCLC 70431433. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)
The Nation (Joseph H. Richards) 69. 1899. ISSN 0027-8378. OCLC 1643268.
Palmatier, Robert Allen (2000). Food: a dictionary of literal and nonliteral terms. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 461. ISBN 0-313-31436-5.
Scott, Sir Walter (1816). "The works of Sir Walter Scott. 3, The antiquary". James Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Co. Edinburgh; and Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, London. p. 370. OCLC 310724884.

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