choline O-acetyltransferase

コリンアセチルトランスフェラーゼ。コリンO-アセチルトランスフェラーゼ

WordNet

1. the 15th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)o
2. the blood group whose red cells carry neither the A nor B antigens; "people with type O blood are universal donors" (同)type_O, group O
3. a B-complex vitamin that is a constituent of lecithin; essential in the metabolism of fat

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 《呼び掛けの名前の前につけて》『おお』,あ / (驚き・恐れ・喜び・苦痛などを表して)『おお』,ああ,まあ / 《肯定・否定を強めて》
2. oxygenの化学記号
3. ohmオーム / Old
4. osmiumの化学記号

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/12/22 14:07:55」(JST)

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Choline acetyltransferase
Identifiers
EC number	2.3.1.6
CAS number	9012-78-6
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene Ontology	AmiGO / EGO
Search PMC articles PubMed articles NCBI proteins

Choline O-acetyltransferase
PDB rendering based on 2fy2.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 2FY2, 2FY3, 2FY4, 2FY5
Identifiers
Symbols	CHAT; CHOACTASE; CMS1A; CMS1A2
External IDs	OMIM: 118490 MGI: 88392 HomoloGene: 40693 ChEMBL: 4039 GeneCards: CHAT Gene
EC number	2.3.1.6
Gene Ontology Molecular function • choline O-acetyltransferase activity Cellular component • nucleus • cytoplasm • mitochondrion • cytosol • axon • neuronal cell body Biological process • phospholipid metabolic process • phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process • synaptic transmission • neurotransmitter secretion • neuromuscular synaptic transmission • establishment of synaptic specificity at neuromuscular junction • rhythmic behavior • adult walking behavior • dendrite development • neurotransmitter biosynthetic process • rhythmic excitation • small molecule metabolic process • glycerophospholipid biosynthetic process Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	1103	12647
Ensembl	ENSG00000070748	ENSMUSG00000021919
UniProt	P28329	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001142929	NM_009891
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001136401	NP_034021
Location (UCSC)	Chr 10: 50.82 – 50.9 Mb	Chr 14: 32.41 – 32.47 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Choline acetyltransferase (abbreviated "ChAT") is an enzyme that is synthesized within the body of a neuron. It is then transferred to the nerve terminal via axoplasmic flow. The role of choline acetyltransferase is to join Acetyl-CoA to choline, resulting in the formation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. In humans, the choline acetyltransferase enyzme is encoded by the CHAT gene.

Function

Cholinergic systems are implicated in numerous neurologic functions. Alteration in some cholinergic neurons may account for the disturbances of Alzheimer disease. The protein encoded by this gene synthesizes the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Alternative splice variants that contain alternative 5' untranslated exons have been found. Three of the four described splice variants encode identical 69 kDa proteins, while one variant encodes both the 69 kDa and a larger 82 kDa protein.

• Choline

• Acetylcholine

It is often used as an immunohistochemical marker for motor neurons (motoneurons).

See also

• Acetyltransferase

References

Further reading

• Oda Y (2000). "Choline acetyltransferase: the structure, distribution and pathologic changes in the central nervous system". Pathol. Int. 49 (11): 921–37. doi:10.1046/j.1440-1827.1999.00977.x. PMID 10594838. 
• Oda Y, Nakanishi I, Deguchi T (1993). "A complementary DNA for human choline acetyltransferase induces two forms of enzyme with different molecular weights in cultured cells". Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 16 (3–4): 287–94. doi:10.1016/0169-328X(92)90237-6. PMID 1337937. 
• Toussaint JL, Geoffroy V, Schmitt M et al. (1992). "Human choline acetyltransferase (CHAT): partial gene sequence and potential control regions". Genomics 12 (2): 412–6. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(92)90395-9. PMID 1339386. 
• Lorenzi MV, Trinidad AC, Zhang R, Strauss WL (1992). "Two mRNAs are transcribed from the human gene for choline acetyltransferase". DNA Cell Biol. 11 (8): 593–603. doi:10.1089/dna.1992.11.593. PMID 1388731. 
• Misawa H, Ishii K, Deguchi T (1992). "Gene expression of mouse choline acetyltransferase. Alternative splicing and identification of a highly active promoter region". J. Biol. Chem. 267 (28): 20392–9. PMID 1400357. 
• Cervini R, Rocchi M, DiDonato S, Finocchiaro G (1992). "Isolation and sub-chromosomal localization of a DNA fragment of the human choline acetyltransferase gene". Neurosci. Lett. 132 (2): 191–4. doi:10.1016/0304-3940(91)90299-9. PMID 1784419. 
• Strauss WL, Kemper RR, Jayakar P et al. (1991). "Human choline acetyltransferase gene maps to region 10q11-q22.2 by in situ hybridization". Genomics 9 (2): 396–8. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(91)90273-H. PMID 1840566. 
• Viegas-Péquignot E, Berrard S, Brice A et al. (1991). "Localization of a 900-bp-long fragment of the human choline acetyltransferase gene to 10q11.2 by nonradioactive in situ hybridization". Genomics 9 (1): 210–2. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(91)90242-7. PMID 2004764. 
• Itoh N, Slemmon JR, Hawke DH et al. (1986). "Cloning of Drosophila choline acetyltransferase cDNA". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83 (11): 4081–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.83.11.4081. PMC 323670. PMID 3086876. 
• Hersh LB, Takane K, Gylys K et al. (1988). "Conservation of amino acid sequences between human and porcine choline acetyltransferase". J. Neurochem. 51 (6): 1843–5. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb01166.x. PMID 3183663. 
• Berrard S, Brice A, Lottspeich F et al. (1988). "cDNA cloning and complete sequence of porcine choline acetyltransferase: in vitro translation of the corresponding RNA yields an active protein". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84 (24): 9280–4. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.24.9280. PMC 373252. PMID 3480542. 
• Chireux MA, Le Van Thai A, Weber MJ (1995). "Human choline acetyltransferase gene: localization of alternative first exons". J. Neurosci. Res. 40 (4): 427–38. doi:10.1002/jnr.490400402. PMID 7616604. 
• Bausero P, Schmitt M, Toussaint JL et al. (1993). "Identification and analysis of the human choline acetyltransferase gene promoter". Neuroreport 4 (3): 287–90. doi:10.1097/00001756-199303000-00015. PMID 7682855. 
• Quirin-Stricker C, Nappey V, Simoni P et al. (1994). "Trans-activation by thyroid hormone receptors of the 5' flanking region of the human ChAT gene". Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 23 (3): 253–65. doi:10.1016/0169-328X(94)90232-1. PMID 8057782. 
• Erickson JD, Varoqui H, Schäfer MK et al. (1994). "Functional identification of a vesicular acetylcholine transporter and its expression from a "cholinergic" gene locus". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (35): 21929–32. PMID 8071310. 
• Kengaku M, Misawa H, Deguchi T (1993). "Multiple mRNA species of choline acetyltransferase from rat spinal cord". Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 18 (1–2): 71–6. doi:10.1016/0169-328X(93)90174-N. PMID 8479291. 
• Misawa H, Matsuura J, Oda Y et al. (1997). "Human choline acetyltransferase mRNAs with different 5'-region produce a 69-kDa major translation product". Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 44 (2): 323–33. doi:10.1016/S0169-328X(96)00231-8. PMID 9073174. 
• Lönnerberg P, Ibáñez CF (1999). "Novel, testis-specific mRNA transcripts encoding N-terminally truncated choline acetyltransferase". Mol. Reprod. Dev. 53 (3): 274–81. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199907)53:3<274::AID-MRD3>3.0.CO;2-8. PMID 10369388. 
• Sakakibara A, Hattori S (2000). "Chat, a Cas/HEF1-associated adaptor protein that integrates multiple signaling pathways". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (9): 6404–10. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.9.6404. PMID 10692442. 

External links

• Choline Acetyltransferase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

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English Journal

• Targeted ablation of cholinergic interneurons in the dorsolateral striatum produces behavioral manifestations of Tourette syndrome.

• Xu M1, Kobets A1, Du JC1, Lennington J2, Li L1, Banasr M1, Duman RS3, Vaccarino FM4, DiLeone RJ5, Pittenger C6.
• Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.2015 Jan 20;112(3):893-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1419533112. Epub 2015 Jan 5.
• Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (TS) is characterized by tics, which are transiently worsened by stress, acute administration of dopaminergic drugs, and by subtle deficits in motor coordination and sensorimotor gating. It represents the most severe end of a spectrum of tic disorders that, in aggregat
• PMID 25561540

• Optogenetic activation of cholinergic neurons in the PPT or LDT induces REM sleep.

• Van Dort CJ1, Zachs DP2, Kenny JD2, Zheng S3, Goldblum RR4, Gelwan NA2, Ramos DM5, Nolan MA4, Wang K5, Weng FJ6, Lin Y6, Wilson MA5, Brown EN7.
• Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.2015 Jan 13;112(2):584-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1423136112. Epub 2014 Dec 29.
• Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is an important component of the natural sleep/wake cycle, yet the mechanisms that regulate REM sleep remain incompletely understood. Cholinergic neurons in the mesopontine tegmentum have been implicated in REM sleep regulation, but lesions of this area have had varyin
• PMID 25548191

• Gastric dysregulation induced by microinjection of 6-OHDA in the substantia nigra pars compacta of rats is determined by alterations in the brain-gut axis.

• Toti L1, Travagli RA2.
• American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology.Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol.2014 Nov 15;307(10):G1013-23. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00258.2014. Epub 2014 Oct 2.
• Idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) is a late-onset, chronic, and progressive motor dysfunction attributable to loss of nigrostriatal dopamine neurons. Patients with PD experience significant gastrointestinal (GI) issues, including gastroparesis. We aimed to evaluate whether 6-hydroxy-dopamine (6-OH
• PMID 25277799

Japanese Journal

• Membrane-bound choline-O-acetyltransferase in rat hippocampal tissue is associated with synaptic vesicles

• CARROLL PT.
• Brain Res. 633, 112-118, 1994
• NAID 30003079005

• Amphiphilic and hydrophilic forms of choline-O-acetyltransferase in cholinergic nerve terminals of the Torpedo

• EDER-COLLI L.
• Neuroscience 19, 275-287, 1986
• NAID 30008321938

• Multiple forms of choline-O-acetyltransferase in mouse and rat brain ; solubilization and characterization

• BENISHIN CG.
• J. Neurochem 42, 1030-1039, 1983
• NAID 30014579983

Related Links

• Choline o-acetyltransferase | definition of Choline o ...

What is Choline o-acetyltransferase? Meaning of Choline o-acetyltransferase medical term. What does Choline o-acetyltransferase mean? Choline o-acetyltransferase | definition of Choline o-acetyltransferase by Medical dictionary ...

• CHAT - Choline O-acetyltransferase - Homo sapiens (Human)

Choline O-acetyltransferase (EC:2.3.1.6) Short name: CHOACTase Short name: ChAT Short name: Choline acetylase Gene names i Name:CHAT Organism i Homo sapiens (Human) Taxonomic identifier i 9606 [NCBI] i › › › › › › › ...

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「コリンアセチルトランスフェラーゼ」
関連記事	「acetyltransferase」「O」「Os」

「コリンアセチルトランスフェラーゼ」

　　[★]

英

choline acetyltransferase, ChAT

同

コリンアセチラーゼ choline acetylase、コリンO-アセチルトランスフェラーゼ choline O-acetyltransferase

「acetyltransferase」

　　[★]

アセチルトランスフェラーゼ、アセチル基転移酵素、アセチル化酵素

関

transacetylase

「O」

　　[★]

同

食道入口部

　 　 　 　 　

「Os」

　　[★] オスミウム osmium