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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2019/09/04 08:41:31」(JST)

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Cholangiocytes are the epithelial cells of the bile duct.^[1] They are cuboidal epithelium in the small interlobular bile ducts, but become columnar and mucus secreting in larger bile ducts approaching the porta hepatis and the extrahepatic ducts.

Function

In the healthy liver, cholangiocytes contribute to bile secretion via net release of bicarbonate and water. Several hormones and locally acting mediators are known to contribute to cholangiocyte fluid/electrolyte secretion. These include secretin, acetylcholine, ATP, and bombesin.

Cholangiocytes act through bile-acid independent bile flow, which is driven by the active transport of electrolytes. In contrast, hepatocytes secrete bile through bile-acid dependent bile flow, which is coupled to canalicular secretion of bile acids via ATP-driven transporters. This results in passive transcellular and paracellular secretion of fluid and electrolytes through an osmotic effect.

Clinical significance

Importantly, cholangiocytes are the target of disease in a variety of conditions often known as "cholangiopathies". These diseases include primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, AIDS cholangiopathy, disappearing bile duct syndromes, Alagille's syndrome, cystic fibrosis, and biliary atresia. As a group, cholangiopathies account for approximately 18% of adult liver transplantations and the majority of pediatric liver transplantations.

Active scientific investigation of cholangiocytes focuses on such diverse processes as mechanisms of fluid/electrolyte secretion, regulation of cholangiocyte proliferation, roles of cholangiocytes in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, and cholangiocyte apoptosis. Specific investigation of individual cholangiopathies is also pursued actively.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b Tietz PS, Larusso NF (May 2006). "Cholangiocyte biology". Current Opinion in Gastroenterology. 22 (3): 279–87. doi:10.1097/01.mog.0000218965.78558.bc. PMID 16550043.

English Journal

Colesevelam attenuates cholestatic liver and bile duct injury in Mdr2^-/- mice by modulating composition, signalling and excretion of faecal bile acids.

Fuchs CD1, Paumgartner G1, Mlitz V1, Kunczer V1, Halilbasic E1, Leditznig N1, Wahlström A2, Ståhlman M2, Thüringer A3, Kashofer K3, Stojakovic T4, Marschall HU2, Trauner M1.
Gut.Gut.2018 Sep;67(9):1683-1691. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-314553. Epub 2018 Apr 10.
PMID 29636383

Neoplastic transformation of peribiliary stem cell niche in cholangiocarcinoma arisen in primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Carpino G1, Cardinale V2, Folseraas T3,4,5,6, Overi D7, Grzyb K8, Costantini D9, Berloco PB10, Di Matteo S9, Karlsen TH3,4,5,6, Alvaro D9, Gaudio E7.
Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.).Hepatology.2018 Aug 13. doi: 10.1002/hep.30210. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID 30102768

Aberrant expression of redox regulatory proteins in patients with concomitant primary Sclerosing cholangitis/inflammatory bowel disease.

Petersen DR1, Orlicky DJ2, Roede JR1, Shearn CT3.
Experimental and molecular pathology.Exp Mol Pathol.2018 Aug;105(1):32-36. doi: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2018.05.012. Epub 2018 May 29.
PMID 29852184

Japanese Journal

Pathological changes in primary cilia: A novel mechanism of graft cholangiopathy caused by prolonged cold preservation in a rat model of orthotopic liver transplantation

BioScience Trends 8(4), 206-211, 2014
NAID 130004690259

Immunohistochemical Characterization of Macrophages and Myofibroblasts in Fibrotic Liver Lesions Due to <i>Fasciola</i> Infection in Cattle

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 75(7), 857-865, 2013
NAID 130003362151

Impaired degradation followed by enhanced recycling of epidermal growth factor receptor caused by hypo-phosphorylation of tyrosine 1045 in RBE cells

BMC CANCER 12(AA12034763), 2012-05-16
NAID 120005647607

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「cholangiocellular」

「cholangiocellular」

Cholangiocyte
Details
System	Biliary system
Location	Bile duct
Function	Epithelium
Identifiers
Latin	cholangiocytus
TH	H3.04.05.0.00011
	Anatomical terms of microanatomy; [edit on Wikidata]

　　[★]

胆管細胞性の、胆管細胞の

関: cholangiocyte

[pmid16550043-1] Tietz PS, Larusso NF (May 2006). "Cholangiocyte biology". Current Opinion in Gastroenterology. 22 (3): 279–87. doi:10.1097/01.mog.0000218965.78558.bc. PMID 16550043.

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cholangiocyte