出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/08/19 18:25:20」(JST)
| City of Champaign | |
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Neil Street in downtown Champaign at night
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| Country | United States |
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| State | Illinois |
| County | Champaign |
| Elevation | 738 ft (224.9 m) |
| Coordinates | 40°06′47″N 88°15′40″W / 40.112981°N 88.261227°W / 40.112981; -88.261227 |
| Area | 22.46 sq mi (58.2 km2) |
| - land | 22.43 sq mi (58 km2) |
| - water | 0.03 sq mi (0 km2), 0.13% |
| Population | 82,517 (United States Census Estimate, 2012[1]) |
| - urban | 145,361 |
| - metro | 231,891 |
| Density | 3,974.6 / sq mi (1,535 / km2) |
| Founded | 1855 (West Urbana) |
| - Incorporated Town | 1860 (Champaign) |
| - City Charter | 1866 |
| Mayor | Don Gerard |
| Timezone | CST (UTC−6) |
| - summer (DST) | CDT (UTC−5) |
| Postal code | 61820-61822 and PO BOX Only Codes 61824-61826 |
| Area code | 217 |
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Location of City of Champaign Township within Champaign County
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Location of Champaign within Illinois
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Location of Illinois in the United States
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| Website: www.ci.champaign.il.us | |
Champaign English /ˌʃæmˈpeɪn/ is a city in Champaign County, Illinois, United States. The city is located 135 miles (217 km) south of Chicago, 124 miles (200 km) west of Indianapolis, Indiana, and 178 mi (286 km) northeast of St. Louis, Missouri. Though surrounded by farm communities, Champaign is notable for sharing the campus of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign with its sister city of Urbana. Champaign is also the home of Parkland College which serves about 18,000 students during the academic year.[2] Due to the university and a number of well known technology startup companies, it is often referred to as the hub, or a significant landmark, of the Silicon Prairie. Champaign houses offices for Abbott, Archer Daniels Midland (ADM), Caterpillar, Deere & Company, Dow Chemical Company, IBM, State Farm, and Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC), all of which are Fortune 500 companies, and for Sony.[3]
The United States Census Bureau estimates the city was home to 82,517 people as of July 1, 2012.[1] Champaign is the eleventh-most populous city in Illinois, and the fourth-most populous city in the state outside of the Chicago Metropolitan Area. In 2013, Champaign was rated fifth best place in the United States for a healthy work-life balance.[4]
Champaign was founded in 1855, when the Illinois Central Railroad laid its rail track two miles (3 km) west of downtown Urbana. Originally called "West Urbana", it was renamed Champaign when it acquired a city charter in 1860. Both the city and county name were derived from Champaign County, Ohio.[5]
During February 1969, Carl Perkins joined with Bob Dylan to write the song "Champaign, Illinois", which Perkins released on his album On Top.[6] The band Old 97's took another Bob Dylan song Desolation Row and combined its melody with new lyrics to make a new song "Champaign, Illinois", which they released with Dylan's blessing on their 2010 album The Grand Theatre Volume One. It achieved considerable popularity. The two "Champaign, Illinois" songs are not similar to each other, except that Bob Dylan was involved in both of them.
On September 22, 1985, Champaign hosted the first Farm Aid concert at the University of Illinois' Memorial Stadium. The concert drew a crowd of 80,000 people and raised over $7 million for American family farmers.
In 2005, Champaign-Urbana (specifically the University of Illinois) was the location of the National Science Olympiad Tournament, attracting young scientists from all 50 states. The city also hosts the state Science Olympiad competition every year. The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign once again hosted the National competition on May 20–22, 2010.
According to the 2010 census, the city has a total area of 22.46 square miles (58.2 km2), of which 22.43 square miles (58.1 km2) (or 99.87%) is land and 0.03 square miles (0.078 km2) (or 0.13%) is water.[7]
Champaign shares a border with the neighboring city of Urbana; together they are home to the University of Illinois. Champaign, Urbana, and the bordering village of Savoy form the Champaign-Urbana Metropolitan Area also known as Champaign-Urbana. It may also be colloquially known as the "Twin Cities" or Chambana.[citation needed]
The following diagram represents localities within a 35 miles (56 km) radius of Champaign.
The city has a humid continental climate, typical of the Midwestern United States, with hot, summers and cold, moderately snowy winters. Temperatures exceed 90 °F (32.2 °C) on an average of 24 days per year, and typically fall below 0 °F (−17.8 °C) on six nights annually.[8] The record high temperature in Champaign was 109 °F (42.8 °C) in 1954, and the record low was −25 °F (−31.7 °C), recorded on four separate occasions − in 1899, 1905, 1994 and 1999.[9]
| Climate data for Champaign, IL | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 70 (21) |
72 (22) |
85 (29) |
91 (33) |
97 (36) |
103 (39) |
109 (43) |
102 (39) |
101 (38) |
93 (34) |
80 (27) |
71 (22) |
109 (43) |
| Average high °F (°C) | 33.8 (1) |
37.6 (3.1) |
49.3 (9.6) |
62.1 (16.7) |
73.0 (22.8) |
82.3 (27.9) |
85.8 (29.9) |
83.9 (28.8) |
77.9 (25.5) |
65.9 (18.8) |
50.4 (10.2) |
37.3 (2.9) |
61.61 (16.43) |
| Average low °F (°C) | 18.2 (−7.7) |
21.5 (−5.8) |
30.9 (−0.6) |
41.0 (5) |
51.5 (10.8) |
60.7 (15.9) |
64.7 (18.2) |
62.8 (17.1) |
55.4 (13) |
44.1 (6.7) |
32.9 (0.5) |
22.5 (−5.3) |
42.18 (5.65) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −25 (−32) |
−25 (−32) |
−5 (−21) |
16 (−9) |
26 (−3) |
37 (3) |
41 (5) |
39 (4) |
29 (−2) |
13 (−11) |
−5 (−21) |
−20 (−29) |
−25 (−32) |
| Precipitation inches (mm) | 1.90 (48.3) |
2.01 (51.1) |
3.21 (81.5) |
3.65 (92.7) |
4.80 (121.9) |
4.21 (106.9) |
4.67 (118.6) |
4.37 (111) |
3.22 (81.8) |
2.81 (71.4) |
3.45 (87.6) |
2.76 (70.1) |
41.06 (1,042.9) |
| Snowfall inches (cm) | 6.1 (15.5) |
5.5 (14) |
3.8 (9.7) |
0.6 (1.5) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0.1 (0.3) |
1.6 (4.1) |
5.1 (13) |
22.8 (57.9) |
| Source #1: Weatherbase[10] | |||||||||||||
| Source #2: Homefacts[11] | |||||||||||||
| Historical population | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1860 | 1,727 |
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| 1870 | 4,625 | 167.8% | |
| 1880 | 5,103 | 10.3% | |
| 1890 | 5,839 | 14.4% | |
| 1900 | 9,098 | 55.8% | |
| 1910 | 12,421 | 36.5% | |
| 1920 | 15,873 | 27.8% | |
| 1930 | 20,348 | 28.2% | |
| 1940 | 23,302 | 14.5% | |
| 1950 | 39,563 | 69.8% | |
| 1960 | 49,583 | 25.3% | |
| 1970 | 56,837 | 14.6% | |
| 1980 | 58,133 | 2.3% | |
| 1990 | 63,502 | 9.2% | |
| 2000 | 67,518 | 6.3% | |
| 2010 | 81,055 | 20.0% | |
| Est. 2013 | 83,424 | 2.9% | |
| U.S. Census Bureau[12] | |||
As of the 2010 census,[13] 81,055 people and 34,434 total housing units in Champaign. The population density was 3,974.6 people per square mile (1,534.4/km²). There were 28,556 housing units at an average density of 1,681.0 per square mile (648.9/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 67.8% White, 15.62% African-American, 0.3% Native American, 10.6% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 2.7% from other races, and 3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino individuals of any race made up 6.3% of the population.
According to the 2010 Census the city's 32,152 households, 21.5% included children under age 18, 33.1% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 53.7% were non-families. 35.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 persons and the average family size was 2.97.
According to the 2010 Census of all individuals, 17.3% were under age 18, 22.5% from 20 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 18% from 45 to 64, and 7.6% were age 65 or older. The median age was 25.7 years. For every 100 females there were 102.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.9 males.
According to the 2010 Census the median income for a household in the city was $41,403, and the median income for a family was $72,819. The per capita income for the city was $24,855. About 11.9% of families and 26.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.0% of those under age 18 and 7.6% of those age 65 or over.
The current city executive or Mayor of Champaign is Don Gerard (D) who assumed office in May 2011.
The representative body of Champaign is known as the City Council. Currently, the City Council is composed of three At-Large members and one member from each of the five council districts located within the city limits. As of 2014, its members are: Tom Bruno (At-Large), Deborah Frank Feinen (At-Large), Karen Foster (At-Large), Will Kyles (District 1), Michael LaDue (District 2), Vic McIntosh (District 3), Marci Dodds (District 4), and Paul Faraci (District 5).[14]
Mike Frerichs (D) represents Champaign in the Illinois Senate while Naomi Jakobsson (D) represents Champaign in the Illinois House of Representatives. Rodney L. Davis (R) serves Illinois's 13th congressional district, which includes Champaign, in the United States House of Representatives.
In addition to the University of Illinois, Champaign is also home to Parkland College. Herff-Jones (formerly the Collegiate Cap and Gown) also forms part of the city's industrial base.
The city also features a large technology and software industry mostly focusing on research and development of new technologies. The Research Park, located in southern Champaign and backed by the University of Illinois, is home to many companies including Riverbed Technology, iCyt (a biotechnology company), Citrix Systems, the Illinois Natural History Survey, the Illinois State Geological Survey, the Illinois State Water Survey, Yahoo!, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications, Science Applications International Corporation, State Farm Research Center,[15] Riverglass Inc. and Tekion (a fuel cell company). Numerous other software and technology companies also have offices in Champaign including AMD, Intel, IBM, Amdocs, Infobright, Instarecon, Phonak, Power World, Caterpillar Simulation Center, and Volition, Inc.. The largest high technology employer is Wolfram Research, with more than 400 employees in Champaign.[16] The United States Army Corps of Engineers maintains the Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL) in Champaign.
Champaign is also home to nationally recognized record labels, artist management companies, booking agencies and recording studios. Polyvinyl Records, Undertow Music, Parasol Records, Great Western Record Recorders, Pogo Studios, and Nicodemus Booking Agency are all based in Champaign.
In April 2011, the Christian Science Monitor named Champaign-Urbana one of the five cities leading the economic turnaround based on jobs; the information sector added over 300 jobs within a year and unemployment dropped 2.1%.[17]
According to the City's 2010 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[18] the top employers in the city are
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| # | Employer | # of Employees |
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| 1 | University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign | 10,900 |
| 2 | Champaign Unit 4 School District | 1,378 |
| 3 | Kraft Foods | 1,325 |
| 4 | Parkland College | 1,200 |
| 5 | PlastiPak | 800 |
| 6 | Christie Clinic | 780 |
| 7 | Hobbico | 700 |
| 8 | City of Champaign | 641 |
| 9 | Amdocs | 620 |
| 10 | Devonshire Group | 590 |
Other major employers include Jimmy John's, Futaba Corporation, and Horizon Hobby.
The Champaign City Building serves as the City Hall and is a recognizable landmark. The building replaces the original city building, which sat on the same site until 1937.
In the 1980s, part of the downtown Champaign area (Neil St.) was closed to vehicular traffic to create a pedestrian mall, but this short-lived experiment was scrapped when business declined. As part of a revitalization effort, One Main Development constructed two new mixed-use buildings: One Main and M2 on Neil. The City of Champaign gave $3.7 million in tax incentives for the building of M2 and agreed to pay nearly $11 million for a new parking deck.[19]
This growth in downtown Champaign coincided with the larger growth of the "north Prospect" shopping district on the city's northern boundary. The growth in the north Prospect area relied, in part, on leapfrogging, moving out to the countryside and developing more remote farm land that eventually connects to the main development. Given the overwhelming success of such suburban shopping areas nationally, new development within any city center represented an alternative to the dominant movement out and away from the cities.
In April 2007, One Main Development broke ground on M2 on Neil, a nine-story, $40 million, mixed-use project - the largest ever for downtown Champaign - located at the corner of Neil and Church Street. M2 on Neil features retail and office space, and 50 upscale condominiums. The project was expected to be complete in late 2008, but experienced delays in construction, partially due to $5 Million in mechanics liens filed against One Main Development,[20] as well as a large fire on an adjacent property that caused substantial facade damage to M2.[21] Construction on the commercial shell and core and the residences was completed in the Summer of 2009. New condo owners began moving into M2 in April 2009, and 13 of 51 have sold. The property began offering condos for rent with flexible lease periods in early 2010. 25,000 (of a total 100,000) square feet of office space was complete and occupied by the Enclave at M2 in July 2009. The remaining commercial space in the building is build-to-suit space and is completed as new tenants move in. The first ground-floor tenant, a branch of local BankChampaign, opened its doors in November 2009.[22] In November 2010, construction began on the anchor retail tenant, Destihl. The restaurant and brewpub opened in Spring 2011, and two other restaurants opened in ground-floor space in Fall 2011. In mid-2011, the second floor was rendered vacant once again with the sudden evacuation of Mezolink, after Mezolink's partner was indicted in a multi-million dollar embezzlement scheme.[23]
The City of Champaign has constructed a six-story parking structure on Hill Street adjacent to M2, intended to service the greater Downtown; it was completed in May 2009.[24]
For more information on Downtown Champaign visit the Champaign Center Partnerships website.[25]
The Art Theater Co-op, which shows critically acclaimed independent and foreign films, was built in 1913 as the Park Theatre. It has since undergone several changes in name and repertoire, including a phase from 1969 to 1986, in which it showed adult films.[26] The theater is the only single-screen movie theater still in existence operating daily as a movie theater in Champaign-Urbana, and is the nation's first co-operatively owned art movie theater.[27]
The historic Virginia Theatre is a recently restored 1525-seat movie theater, dating back to the 1920s. It has an ornate, Spanish Renaissance-influenced interior, full stage and dressing rooms, and an elaborate Wurlitzer pipe organ. It hosts Roger Ebert's Overlooked Film Festival[28] and has a single 56' x 23' screen. The theater does not have a daily show schedule, but schedules special screenings and live performances several times each month.
Located along Green Street, this commercial district serves as the entertainment and retail center for students at the University of Illinois. This area has been undergoing change since 2002 with the completion of a new $7 million streetscape project. Campustown is now attracting new retail and entertainment stores as well as serving as the center for new construction projects. Several new projects opened in 2008 including the 18-story Burnham 310 high-rise and grocery store at 4th and Springfield, and a new 24-story apartment building called 309 Green.[29]
The newly renamed Tower at 3rd (formerly Champaign Hilton, Century 21, Quality Inn, University Inn, Presidential Tower) is located in the University District and is over twenty stories high. A hotel until 2001, it currently houses student apartments.[30]
A new 14-story apartment complex will be completed by fall 2014 at the intersection of 6th and Green streets (site of the former Gameday Spirit).[31] A 12-story, mixed-use complex consisting of a hotel, apartments and parking is scheduled to be completed by August 2015. The mixed-use complex is reported to consist of two towers which will be connected by a skywalk. A 27-story apartment building is planned at 308 East Green Street.[32] This high-rise is reported to have an automated parking vault which will be operated by an elevator.[33]
There are 60 parks, 11 trails, and 14 facilities within the city of Champaign, totaling over 654 acres (2.65 km2).[34]
The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign fields ten men and eleven women varsity sports.
| Team | Established | Big Ten Conference Titles | NCAA Postseason Appearances | National Titles | Venue | Opened | Capacity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Football | 1890 | 15 | 17 | 5 | Memorial Stadium | 1923 | 60,670 |
| Men's Basketball | 1905 | 17 | 30 | 0 | State Farm Center | 1963 | 16,618 |
| Women's Basketball | 1974 | 1 | 8 | 0 | State Farm Center | 1963 | 16,618 |
| Baseball | 1879[38] | 29 | 10 | 0 | Illinois Field | 1988 | 3,000 |
| Women's Volleyball | 1974 [39] | 4 | 22 | 0 | Huff Hall | 1925 | 4,050 |
| Men's Gymnastics | 1898 [40] | 24 | 44 | 10 | Huff Hall | 1925 | 3,800 |
Built from 1922-1923, Memorial Stadium was named in honor of the students and faculty members who died overseas during World War I. Since opening in 1932, Memorial Stadium has been home to Illinois Fighting Illini football.
The State Farm Center is home to the Illinois Fighting Illini men's basketball and Illinois Fighting Illini women's basketball teams. It holds the annual Broadway Series, which features popular musicals.
During its history, the city has been home to several separate minor league baseball clubs. The first in 1889 was a shared club between Champaign and Logansport, Indiana called the Logansport/Champaign-Urbana Clippers. The Clippers played for one season in the Illinois-Indiana League before folding.[41]
The city hosted its second team, the Champaign-Urbana Velvets from 1911-1914 who played in the Illinois-Missouri League until the league disbanded after 1914.[42]
The city's most recent minor league team was the Champaign-Urbana Bandits who played during the single 1994 season of the Great Central League.[43] The Bandits played at Illinois Field. Prior to holding postseason play, the league folded.
Twice Champaign was also home to a Collegiate Summer Baseball League team. The city's Champaign County Colts were a founding member of the Central Illinois Collegiate League from 1963-1964. In 1990 the Colts were revived as the Champaign-Urbana Colts until the team folded in 1996. The more recent club played its home games at Illinois Field.[44]
The city of Champaign is served by Champaign Unit 4 School District. Unit 4 administers both Champaign Central High School and Champaign Centennial High School.
Champaign is also served by two private high schools. The larger of the two is a Roman Catholic High school, St. Thomas More High School which is located on the city's far northwest side. The school opened in 2000 and is the newest charter of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Peoria.
The other is Judah Christian School, which is located just south of I-74 on Prospect Avenue. Judah Christian opened in 1983 and serves about 120 9th- 12th grade students. The entire school's pre-K through 12th grade enrollment is a little more than 500 students.
Located within Champaign are two institutions of higher education, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and Parkland College.
Champaign is served by I-57, I-72, I-74, two railroad lines, and the University of Illinois operated Willard Airport (CMI).
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Interstate Highways |
US Highways |
Illinois Highways |
Champaign is served by Willard Airport (CMI) which is operated by the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The airport is currently served by American Airlines and currently offers daily flights to Chicago O'Hare International Airport and Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport.
Housed at the Willard Airport was the University of Illinois Institute of Aviation, which was forced to close for the 2013-2014 academic year due to university budget cuts after 60 years of operation.
The local bus system, which is supported by the taxpayers of the Champaign-Urbana Mass Transit District (MTD) and the University of Illinois, serves Champaign, Urbana, Savoy, and surrounding areas. The C-U MTD has twice been named as the best local transit system in the United States.[45]
In 1999, a newly designed intermodal transportation center, aptly named Illinois Terminal by historic reference to the defunct electric interurban rail line that once ran through Champaign, was completed and serves as a central facility for intercity passenger rail, bus services as well as the MTD's local bus network.
Amtrak provides service to Champaign-Urbana by Train 58/59, the City of New Orleans, Train 390/391, the Saluki Train 392/393, the Illini.
The former Illinois Central Railroad line — now part of the Canadian National system — runs north to south through the city. A spur line from the Canadian National line provides service to several large industries, including two large food processing plants, on the west edge of Champaign and two grain elevators in outlying communities to the west. The Norfolk Southern operates an east to west line through Champaign. The NS line connects industries in eastern Urbana to the Norfolk Southern main line at Mansfield, Illinois, west of Champaign. The line now operated by Norfolk Southern is the former Peoria & Eastern Railway, later operated as part of the Big Four (Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Railway), New York Central, Penn Central, and Conrail systems, being sold by Conrail to Norfolk Southern in 1996. Construction of the line was begun by the Danville, Urbana, Bloomington and Pekin Railroad. This short-lived entity became part of the Indianapolis, Bloomington and Western Railway before the railroad was completed.
Greyhound Lines, Peoria Charter Coach Company, Suburban Express, and Megabus bus companies provide intercity bus service to Champaign.[46]
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