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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/08/15 13:28:02」(JST)

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Brushite is a phosphate mineral with the chemical formula CaHPO₄·2H₂O. It forms colorless to pale yellow monoclinic prismatic crystals and as powdery or earthy masses.^[1]^[3] It is the phosphate analogue of the arsenate pharmacolite and the sulfate gypsum.

Discovery and occurrence[edit source | edit]

Brushite was first described in 1865 for an occurrence on Aves Island, Nueva Esparta, Venezuela, and named for the American mineralogist George Jarvis Brush (1831–1912).^[2] It is believed to be a precursor of apatite and is found in guano-rich caves, formed by the interaction of guano with calcite and clay at a low pH. It occurs in phosphorite deposits and forms encrustations on old bones. It may result from runoff of fields which have received heavy fertilizer applications.^[2] Associated minerals include tanarakite, ardealite, hydroxylapatite, variscite and gypsum.^[1]

Brushite is the original precipitating material in calcium phosphate kidney stones.^{[citation needed]}

It is one of the constitutive elements that form the 150 m long moonmilk river discovered in 2004 in a cave at mount Hernio or mount Ernio, in the Basque country, Guipúzcoa region, Spain.^{[citation needed]}

References[edit source | edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c Brushite in the Handbook of Mineralogy
^ ^a ^b ^c Brushite on Mindat.org
^ ^a ^b Webmineral data

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1. 腎結石分析の解釈 interpretation of kidney stone analysis

English Journal

Enhanced biocorrosion resistance and biocompatibility of degradable Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy by brushite coating.

Niu J, Yuan G, Liao Y, Mao L, Zhang J, Wang Y, Huang F, Jiang Y, He Y, Ding W.SourceNational Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications.Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl.2013 Dec 1;33(8):4833-41. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.08.008. Epub 2013 Aug 15.
To further improve the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy (JDBM), a biodegradable calcium phosphate coating (Ca-P coating) with high bonding strength was developed using a novel chemical deposition method. The main composition of the Ca-P coating was brushite (CaHPO4·2H2
PMID 24094194

Effect of storage conditions on the stability and fermentability of enzymatic lignocellulosic hydrolysate.

Jin M, Bothfeld W, Austin S, Sato TK, La Reau A, Li H, Foston M, Gunawan C, Leduc RD, Quensen JF, McGee M, Uppugundla N, Higbee A, Ranatunga R, Donald CW, Bone G, Ragauskas AJ, Tiedje JM, Noguera DR, Dale BE, Zhang Y, Balan V.SourceBiomass Conversion Research Laboratory (BCRL), Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, 3900 Collins Road, Lansing, MI 48910, United States; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States. Electronic address: jinmingj@egr.msu.edu.
Bioresource technology.Bioresour Technol.2013 Nov;147:212-20. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.08.018. Epub 2013 Aug 14.
To minimize the change of lignocellulosic hydrolysate composition during storage, the effects of storage conditions (temperature, pH and time) on the composition and fermentability of hydrolysate prepared from AFEX™ (Ammonia Fiber Expansion - a trademark of MBI, Lansing, MI) pretreated corn stover
PMID 23999256

Re: Differences in 24-Hour Urine Composition between Apatite and Brushite Stone Formers.

Assimos DG.
The Journal of urology.J Urol.2013 Nov;190(5):1785-6. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2013.07.057. Epub 2013 Jul 26.
PMID 24120789

Japanese Journal

Precipitation Process of Calcium Phosphate from Calcium Carbonate Suspension

da Silva Nayane Macedo Portela,Espitalier Fabienne,Nzihou Ange
KONA Powder and Particle Journal advpub(0), 2016
… It can be divided into four main stages: (i) dissolution of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), (ii) precipitation of brushite (CaHPO4.2H2O), (iii) transformation of brushite into Ca-HA (Ca10(PO4)6(OH2)) and (iv) nucleation, growth and agglomeration of Ca-HA. …
NAID 130005068880

P-66 極性交互反転電解によってマグネシウムおよびその合金表面に析出するリン酸カルシウムの特性(ジルコニア・陶材・セメント・埋没材,一般講演(ポスター発表),第60回日本歯科理工学会学術講演会(創立30周年記念大会))

大川成剛,伊藤恭輔,金子広美,山鹿義郎,渡辺孝一,金谷貢
日本歯科理工学会誌 31(5), 482, 2012-09-25
… XRD results confirmed the deposited material to be a magnesium hydroxide and brushite. … Therefore, the brushite was deposited locally on the metal surface. …
NAID 110009517846

Production of a calcium silicate cement material from alginate impression material

WASHIZAWA Norimasa,NARUSAWA Hideaki,TAMAKI Yukimichi,MIYAZAKI Takashi
Dental materials journal 31(4), 629-634, 2012-07-01
… Experimentally fabricated calcium silicate powder was successfully mixed with phosphoric acid solution and set by depositing the brushite. …
NAID 10030501763

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「ブラッシュ石」「ブルシャイト」

「ブラッシュ石」

Brushite
	; Brushite crystals found in bat guano in Jamaica
General
Category	Phosphate mineral
Formula; (repeating unit)	CaHPO4·2H2O
Strunz classification	08.CJ.50
Crystal symmetry	Monoclinic prismatic; H-M symbol: (2/m); Space group: I2/a
Unit cell	a = 6.265 Å, b = 15.19 Å, c = 5.814 Å; β = 116.47°; Z=4
Identification
Color	Colorless to pale or ivory-yellow
Crystal habit	Prismatic to tabular acicular crystals; typically powdery or earthy
Crystal system	Monoclinic
Cleavage	Perfect on {010} and {001}
Tenacity	Brittle
Mohs scale hardness	2.5
Luster	Vitreous, pearly on cleavages
Diaphaneity	Transparent to translucent
Specific gravity	2.328
Optical properties	Biaxial (+)
Refractive index	nα = 1.539 - 1.540 nβ = 1.544 - 1.546 nγ = 1.551 - 1.552
Birefringence	δ = 0.012
2V angle	Measured: 59 to 87°
Solubility	Readily in HCl
Other characteristics	Piezoelectric
References

　　[★]

英: brushite
関: ブルシャイト

「ブルシャイト」

　　[★]

英: brushite
関: ブラッシュ石

[HBM-1] Brushite in the Handbook of Mineralogy

[Mindat-2] Brushite on Mindat.org

[Webmin-3] Webmineral data

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brushite