ブレグマ
WordNet
- the craniometric point at the junction of the sagittal and coronal sutures at the top of the cranium
- of or relating to the bregma of the skull
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2016/02/06 19:18:50」(JST)
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Bregma |
Superior view of the calvarium, bregma located at the intersection of the coronal and sagittal sutures.
- Coronal Suture
- Sagittal Suture
- Lambdoid Suture
(Lambda also visible at the intersection of the lambdoid suture by the sagittal suture.)
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Identifiers |
Dorlands
/Elsevier |
b_22/12196413 |
TA |
A02.1.00.016 |
FMA |
264776 |
Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]
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The bregma is the anatomical point on the skull at which the coronal suture is intersected perpendicularly by the sagittal suture.
Contents
- 1 Location
- 2 Development
- 3 Clinical Significance
- 4 Etymology
- 5 References
- 6 Additional Images
- 7 External links
Location
The bregma is located at the intersection of the coronal suture and the sagittal suture on the superior middle portion of the calvaria. It is the point where the frontal bone and parietal bones meet.
Development
The bregma is known as the anterior fontanelle during infancy. The anterior fontanelle is membranous and closes in the first 36 months of life (according to Thieme atlas of anatomy).
Clinical Significance
In the congenital disorder cleidocranial dysostosis, the anterior fontanelle never closes to form the bregma.
The bregma is often used as a reference point for stereotactic surgery of the brain.
Also, examination of an infant includes palpating the anterior fontanelle. A sunken fontanelle indicates dehydration, whereas a very tense or bulging anterior fontanelle indicates raised intracranial pressure.
Etymology
Bregma comes from the Greek bregma, meaning top of the head.[1]
References
This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
- ^ Liddell & Scott, Greek-English Lexicon
Additional Images
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bregma. |
- lesson1 at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)
Compound structures of skull
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Neurocranium |
- Calvaria
- Asterion
- Pterion
- Stephanion
- Inion
- Bregma
- Lambda
- Fossae
- anterior
- middle
- posterior
- cranial cavity
- Base of skull
- Fontanelle
- anterior
- posterior
- sphenoidal
- mastoid
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Facial skeleton |
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Both |
- dacryon
- zygomatic arch
- temporal fossa
- infratemporal fossa
- pterygomaxillary fissure
- pterygopalatine fossa
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Focal brain trauma in the cryogenic lesion model in mice.
- Raslan F, Albert-Weiszenberger C, Ernestus RI, Kleinschnitz C, Siren AL.AbstractABSTRACT: The method to induce unilateral cryogenic lesions was first described in 1958 by Klatzo. We describe here an adaptation of this model that allows reliable measurement of lesion volume and vasogenic edema by 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) -staining and Evans blue extravasation in mice. A copper or aluminium cylinder with a tip diameter of 2.5 mm is cooled with liquid nitrogen (-196degreesC) and placed on the exposed skull bone over the parietal cortex (stereotaxic coordinates from bregma: 1.5 mm posterior, 1.5 mm lateral). The tip diameter and the contact time between the tip and the parietal skull determine the extent of cryolesion. Due to an early damage of the blood brain barrier (BBB), the cryogenic cortical injury is characterized by vasogenic edema, marked brain swelling, and inflammation. The lesion grows during the first 24 hours, a process involving complex interactions between endothelial cells, immune cells, cerebral blood flow, and the intracranial pressure. These contribute substantially to the damage from the initial injury. The major advantage of the cryogenic lesion model is the circumscribed and highly reproducible lesion size and location.
- Experimental & translational stroke medicine.Exp Transl Stroke Med.2012 Apr 5;4(1):6. [Epub ahead of print]
- ABSTRACT: The method to induce unilateral cryogenic lesions was first described in 1958 by Klatzo. We describe here an adaptation of this model that allows reliable measurement of lesion volume and vasogenic edema by 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) -staining and Evans blue extravasation
- PMID 22480252
- Combination radiotherapy in an orthotopic mouse brain tumor model.
- Kramp TR, Camphausen K.SourceRadiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, USA.
- Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE.J Vis Exp.2012 Mar 6;(61):e3397. doi: 10.3791/3397.
- Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are the most common and aggressive adult primary brain tumors. In recent years there has been substantial progress in the understanding of the mechanics of tumor invasion, and direct intracerebral inoculation of tumor provides the opportunity of observing the invasive p
- PMID 22415465
Japanese Journal
- Comprehensive Analysis of Neonatal versus Adult Unilateral Decortication in a Mouse Model Using Behavioral, Neuroanatomical, and DNA Microarray Approaches
- International journal of molecular sciences 15(12), 22492-22517, 2014-12
- NAID 120005537788
- 台湾花蓮県萬栄郷馬遠村出土ブヌン族頭蓋の形態的特徴
- 台湾花蓮県萬栄郷馬遠村出土ブヌン族頭蓋の形態的特徴
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- bregma
- 関
- ブレグマ
[★]
- 英
- bregma
- 関
- 大泉門