徐呼吸、呼吸緩徐

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/11/01 11:43:03」(JST)

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Bradypnea (Greek from bradys, slow + pnoia, breath; British English spelling bradypnoea) refers to an abnormally slow breathing rate. The rate at which bradypnea is diagnosed depends upon the age of the patient.

Age ranges and bradypnea[edit]

Age 0–1 year < 30 breaths per minute
Age 1–3 years < 25 breaths per minute
Age 3–12 years < 20 breaths per minute
Age 12–50 years < 12 breaths per minute
Age 50 and up < 13 breaths per minute

Bradypnea Symptoms[edit]

Dizziness
Near-fainting or fainting
Fatigue
Weakness
Chest pains
Shortness of breath
Memory impairment or confusion
Tiring easily during any physical activity

Causes of Bradypnea[edit]

Degeneration of heart tissue because of aging
Damage to tissues in the heart from heart attack or heart disease
High blood pressure or hypertension
Congenital heart defect which is disorder present at birth
Heart tissue infection also known as myocarditis -Complication of heart surgery
Hypothyroidism or underactive thyroid gland
Imbalance of electrolytes which are mineral related substances needed for conducting electrical impulses
Obstructive sleep apnea which is the repeated disruption of breathing during sleep.
Inflammatory disease, such as lupus or rheumatic fever
Buildup of iron in the organs known as hemochromatosis
Medications, such as drugs for other heart rhythm disorders, psychosis as well as high blood pressure

Treatment For Bradypnea[edit]

If urgent treatment is needed, supplemental oxygen is given to the individual. Treatment can range from surgery to correcting dangerous intracranial pressure.

References[edit]

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (2006). Stedman's Medical Dictionary, 28th Edition. Baltimore, Maryland: Julie K. Stegman. p. 250. ISBN 0-7817-3390-1.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 閉塞性睡眠時無呼吸のある成人の術後マネージメント postoperative management of adults with obstructive sleep apnea
2. 閉塞性睡眠時無呼吸のある成人における手術リスク、術前評価、およびマネージメント surgical risk and the preoperative evaluation and management of adults with obstructive sleep apnea
3. Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) in children
4. 抜管マネージメント extubation management
5. 敗血症性ショック：小児における迅速な覚知および初期蘇生 septic shock rapid recognition and initial resuscitation in children

English Journal

Safety profile and feasibility of early physical therapy and mobility for critically ill patients in the medical intensive care unit: Beginning experiences in Korea.

Lee H1, Ko YJ2, Suh GY3, Yang JH4, Park CM5, Jeon K3, Park YH6, Chung CR7.
Journal of critical care.J Crit Care.2015 Apr 24. pii: S0883-9441(15)00157-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2015.04.012. [Epub ahead of print]
PURPOSE: To evaluate risk factors for potential safety events during mobility physical therapy sessions in the medical intensive care unit.METHODS: The safety profiles and potential risk factors of 99 patients who were admitted to the medical intensive care unit of a single teaching hospital in Kore
PMID 25957499

Determination of EC95 of remifentanil for smooth emergence from propofol anesthesia in patients undergoing transsphenoidal surgery.

Choi SH1, Min KT, Lee JR, Choi KW, Han KH, Kim EH, Oh HJ, Lee JH.
Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology.J Neurosurg Anesthesiol.2015 Apr;27(2):160-6. doi: 10.1097/ANA.0000000000000094.
BACKGROUND: In patients undergoing pituitary surgery using a transsphenoidal approach, anesthesia emergence should be smooth with minimal coughing. Recent studies demonstrated that a target-controlled infusion of remifentanil effectively suppresses coughing induced by the endotracheal tube. We inves
PMID 25105828

Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist improves patient-ventilator synchrony in a patient with tetanus and unstable diaphragmatic electrical activity.

Tane N1, Okuda N1, Imanaka H2, Nishimura M3.
Respiratory care.Respir Care.2015 Apr;60(4):e76-9. doi: 10.4187/respcare.03527. Epub 2015 Jan 13.
A 79-y-old man with generalized tetanus was admitted to the ICU. A left-forearm wound was surgically debrided, and the wound was closed. On postoperative day 1, after the patient experienced opisthotonos and convulsions, endotracheal intubation was performed. Propofol and diazepam were infused but f
PMID 25587159

Japanese Journal

頭蓋内出血を伴った乳児先天性胆道拡張症の1例

大畠雅之,能村正仁,稲村幸雄 [他],田中賢治,田浦康明,入江朋子,永安武
日本小児外科学会雑誌 43(1), 42-47, 2007-02-20
乳児ビタミンK欠乏性出血症は母乳哺育以外の誘因のない特発性と母乳哺育以外の原因が考えられる2次性に大別され,頭蓋内出血の頻度が非常に高い疾患である.2次性としてビタミンKの吸収障害や利用障害などを原因とする胆道閉鎖症に頭蓋内出血合併の報告が多い.症例は2か月男児.発熱で入院した前医で先天性胆道拡張症と診断され当科に入院となった.入院後,血圧低下,呼吸不全が進行し頭部CTで石頭蓋内出血を認め緊急関頭 …
NAID 110006201635

ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE 2 ACTIVITY AFFECTS SYMPTOMS PRODUCED BY AN INTRAPERITONEAL ACETALDEHYDE INJECTION, BUT NOT ACETALDEHYDE LETHALITY

Isse Toyohi,Oyama Tsunehiro,Matsuno Koji [他],UCHIYAMA Iwao,KAWAMOTO Toshihiro
Journal of toxicological sciences 30(4), 315-328, 2005-12-21
… In cases of survival, crouching, bradypnea, flushing and piloerection were observed. …
NAID 110002978309

SODIUM N-[2-[4-(2, 2-DIMETHYLPROPIONYLOXY)PHENYLSULFONYLAMINO]BENZOYL] AMINOACETATE TETRAHYDRATE(ONO-5046・Na)の毒性試験(第1報)ラットおよびイヌにおける静脈内投与による単回投与毒性試験

柳浩由紀,山口康二郎,清水聖 [他],七野裕,西山寛,森英明,四宮啓祐,上田博明,鈴木靖郎,米沢秀利,藤田常夫
Journal of toxicological sciences 23(Supplement III), 409-413, 1998-07-28
… In the rat study, hypoactivity, bradypnea and paleness of limbs and pinna were observed at doses of 300mg/kg and above. …
NAID 110001806328