bowel sound

腸雑音

WordNet

1. thorough; "a sound thrashing"
2. mechanical vibrations transmitted by an elastic medium; "falling trees make a sound in the forest even when no one is there to hear them"
3. the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause; "the sound of rain on the roof"; "the beautiful sound of music"
4. the subjective sensation of hearing something; "he strained to hear the faint sounds" (同)auditory sensation
5. a large ocean inlet or deep bay; "the main body of the sound ran parallel to the coast"
6. the sudden occurrence of an audible event; "the sound awakened them"
7. make a certain noise or sound; "She went `Mmmmm"; "The gun went `bang" (同)go
8. announce by means of a sound; "sound the alarm"
9. appear in a certain way; "This sounds interesting"
10. cause to sound; "sound the bell"; "sound a certain note"
11. financially secure and safe; "sound investments"; "a sound economy"
12. free from moral defect; "a man of sound character"
13. give off a certain sound or sounds; "This record sounds scratchy"
14. in good condition; free from defect or damage or decay; "a sound timber"; "the wall is sound"; "a sound foundation"
15. something curved in shape (同)arc
16. play on a string instrument with a bow
17. a knot with two loops and loose ends; used to tie shoelaces (同)bowknot
18. front part of a vessel or aircraft; "he pointed the bow of the boat toward the finish line" (同)fore, prow, stem
19. a decorative interlacing of ribbons
20. a slightly curved piece of resilient wood with taut horsehair strands; used in playing certain stringed instruments
21. a stroke with a curved piece of wood with taut horsehair strands that is used in playing stringed instruments
22. a weapon for shooting arrows, composed of a curved piece of resilient wood with a taut cord to propel the arrow
23. bending the head or body or knee as a sign of reverence or submission or shame or greeting (同)bowing, obeisance
24. an appearance by actors or performers at the end of the concert or play in order to acknowledge the applause of the audience (同)curtain_call
25. bend ones knee or body, or lower ones head; "He bowed before the King"; "She bowed her head in shame" (同)bow down
26. bend the head or the upper part of the body in a gesture of respect or greeting; "He bowed before the King"
27. making or having a sound as specified; used as a combining form; "harsh-sounding"
28. a measure of the depth of water taken with a sounding line
29. the act of measuring depth of water (usually with a sounding line)
30. having volume or deepness; "sounding brass and a tinkling cymbal"; "the sounding cataract haunted me like a passion"- Wordsworth
31. a former French coin of low denomination; often used of any small amount of money; "he hasnt a sou to his name"

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 〈C〉〈U〉『音』,『音響』,響き・〈U〉音の聞こえる範囲・〈C〉(音声としての)音 / 《単数形で》(聞いたり,読んだりしたときに受ける)感じ,響き,調子・〈U〉(無意味な)音(声);騒音,ざわめき・『音を出す』,鳴る,響く・『聞こえる,思える』(進行形にできない) ・〈楽器・ベルなど〉‘を'鳴らす・(音で)…‘を'知らせる・…‘を'発音する・〈考えなど〉‘を'打診する
2. (物が)『傷んでいない』,腐っていない,完全な / (心身が)『健全な』,健康な / (財政的に)『安定した』,堅実な / (論理・判断などが)『的確な』,もっともな,分別ある / 合法的な / (道徳的に)高潔な,誠実な / (睡眠が)深い / 徹底した,思う存分の / ぐっすりと
3. (重りのついた糸で)〈海・川など〉‘の'水深を測る / (…について)〈意見・態度など〉‘を'さぐる,調べる《+『名』+『out』(+『out』+『名』)+『about』+『名』》 / 水深を測る / 〈鯨・魚などが〉深く潜る
4. 海峡,瀬戸(strait) / 入り江
5. 『弓』 / (楽器の)弓 / 弓形,弓形のもの(にじなど) / (リボンなどの)ちょう結び;ちょうネクタイ(bowtie) / (めがねの)つる / 〈バイオリンなど〉'を'弓でひく
6. (…に)『身をかがめる』,頭をさげる,おじぎをする《+『down』『to』+『名』》 / (…に)屈服する,従う《+『to』+『名』》 / 〈ひざ・腰〉'を'かがめる,(頭など)'を'さげる / …'を'曲げる / 〈感謝など〉'を'おじぎをして示す / …'を'身をかがめて案内する / おじぎ,えしゃく
7. 《時に複数形で;単数扱い》(ボート・船・飛行機の)『先端部』;へさき,機取 / ベートの最前部のオール;そのこぎ手
8. 音を出す,鳴り響く
9. 〈U〉水深測量 / 《複数形で》(測量した)水深 / 《複数形で》水深測量できる水域
10. スー(フランスの5サンチームまたは10サンチーム銅貨) / つまらないもの
11. 〈C〉『腸』;《通例複数形で》腹わた,内臓 / 《複数形で》内部,中心部

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/05/20 11:56:11」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

A doctor's listening to a patient's bowel sounds using a stethoscope

A stomach rumble, also known as a bowel sound or peristaltic sound, is a rumbling, growling or gurgling noise produced by movement of the contents of the gastro-intestinal tract as they are propelled through the small intestine by a series of muscle contractions called peristalsis. A doctor can listen to these intestinal noises with a stethoscope but they may be loud enough to be heard with bare ears and are known as stomach rumble or borborygmus (pronounced /ˌbɔrbəˈrɪɡməs/; plural borborygmi) as the fluid and gas moves forward in the intestines (in the vicinity of but not actually within the stomach). The lack of bowel sounds is indicative of ileus, intestinal obstruction, or some other serious pathology.

Etymology

The scientific name borborygmus is related to the 16th-century French word borborygme, itself from Latin, ultimately from Ancient Greek βορβορυγμός (borborygmós). The Greeks probably onomatopoetically coined the word.

Other causes

Other causes of stomach rumbles:

• Incomplete digestion of food can lead to excess gas in the intestine. In humans, this can be due to incomplete digestion of carbohydrate-containing foods, including milk and other dairy products (lactose intolerance or the use of α-glucosidase inhibitors by diabetics), gluten (protein in wheat, barley, and rye) (coeliac disease), fruit, vegetables, beans, legumes, and high-fiber whole grains. In rare instances, excessive abdominal noise may be a sign of digestive disease, especially when accompanied by abdominal bloating, abdominal pain, diarrhea or constipation. Some examples of diseases that may be associated with this symptom include carcinoid neoplasm and coeliac sprue.
• Louder rumbles may occur when one is hungry. Around two hours after the stomach has been emptied, it sends signals to the brain, which tells the digestive muscles to restart peristalsis in a wave called the migrating motor complex. Food left behind after the first cycle is swept up, and the vibrations of the empty stomach cause hunger. Appetite plays a big role in this situation. Peristalsis recurs about every hour, and one's appetite may cause 10- to 20-minute food cravings.
• Stomach rumbles can form further along the gastrointestinal system when air is swallowed while talking, eating, and drinking. This phenomenon occurs in most people and is typical.

Diseases and conditions

• Celiac disease is a condition that prevents the small intestine from absorbing parts of food that are needed to stay healthy. Consuming food containing gluten is dangerous for people with this disease: Intestinal villi help to absorb nutrients from food, but when gluten is consumed, the immune system attacks these villi as a result. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, nausea, and bulky or foul smelling stools.
• Colitis is swelling of the large intestine. The many different forms of colitis include cytomegalovirus or Cryptosporidium infection, and necrotizing and pseudomembranous colitis. The usual causes of colitis are infection and lack of blood flow. Symptoms may include bloody stools, chills, dehydration, diarrhea, and fever.
• Diverticulitis is a condition where small bulging sacs, usually found in the large intestine, become inflamed or infected. The most probable cause is a low-fiber diet, possibly a result of eating processed food. Diverticulitis is usually seen in about half the American population over the age of 60. Symptoms may include bloating, fever, and nausea.
• Irritable bowel syndrome, a disorder in the lower intestinal tract, is usually accompanied by other symptoms, such as abdominal pain and diarrhea. It is more common in women and it usually occurs during early adulthood. There are many risk factors such as emotional stress and a low-fiber diet. These can all cause stomach disorders.

Diseases/conditions	Possible Prescribed Treatments
Celiac disease	Lifelong gluten-free diet, avoid anything containing wheat, barley, rye, and possibly oats
Colitis	If caused by inflammation, it is treated with medicine. If caused by infection, it is treated with an antiprotozoal agent. If caused by lack of blood flow, it is treated with a liquid diet and antibiotics.
Diverticulitis	If symptoms are minimal, treat by: Getting plenty of rest. Using a heat pad while sleeping. Taking pain medication. Drinking only liquids for a few days, then build up slowly with harder liquid, and eventually solid food. Avoid foods such as beans and peas along with coarse grains and dried fruits. Limiting consumption of coffee, tea, and alcohol is recommended.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)	Regular exercise and improved sleep habits can help relieve symptoms. Although IBS differs from person to person, dieting helps. Avoid foods and drinks that contain caffeine. Avoid large meals. Increase the consumption of fiber throughout the day (helps constipation, but bloating may be an issue).

Nonmedical usage

The word borborygmic has been used in literature to describe noisy plumbing. In Ada, Vladimir Nabokov wrote: "All the toilets and waterpipes in the house had been suddenly seized with borborygmic convulsions". In A Long Way Down (New York: Harper, 1959, p. 54), Elizabeth Fenwick wrote: "The room was very quiet, except for its borborygmic old radiator". Graham Greene's short story "Alas, Poor Maling" tells the tale of a luckless individual whose borborygmus takes the form of irritating noises that he has recently heard.

See also

• Flatulence
• Ileus
• Migrating motor complex

References

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 成人における機械的小腸閉塞の疫学、臨床的特徴、および診断 epidemiology clinical features and diagnosis of mechanical small bowel obstruction in adults
• 2. 腹痛を有する成人における既往歴および身体的診察 history and physical examination in adults with abdominal pain
• 3. 成人における腹痛に対する診断的アプローチ diagnostic approach to abdominal pain in adults
• 4. 悪心および嘔吐を呈する幼児または小児に対するアプローチ approach to the infant or child with nausea and vomiting
• 5. Overview of colon resection

English Journal

• Gum chewing and gastrointestinal function following caesarean delivery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

• Hochner H1, Tenfelde SM2, Abu Ahmad W1, Liebergall-Wischnitzer M3.
• Journal of clinical nursing.J Clin Nurs.2015 Jul;24(13-14):1795-804. doi: 10.1111/jocn.12836. Epub 2015 Apr 7.
• AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to summarise current knowledge regarding gum chewing intervention for activation of the gastrointestinal (GI) system following caesarean delivery.BACKGROUND: GI symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and defecatory difficultie
• PMID 25850885

• Postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome after travelers' diarrhea - a cohort study.

• Schwille-Kiuntke J1, Enck P1, Polster AV1,2, Gaile M3, Kremsner PG3, Zanger P3,4.
• Neurogastroenterology and motility : the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society.Neurogastroenterol Motil.2015 May 25. doi: 10.1111/nmo.12601. [Epub ahead of print]
• BACKGROUND: There is sound evidence for the role of gastrointestinal infections in the development of postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS), but understanding the interaction between mental factors and the infection remains incomplete. This study aims to (i) assess the occurrence of PI-IB
• PMID 26009981

• Psychosocial mechanisms for the transmission of somatic symptoms from parents to children.

• van Tilburg MA1, Levy RL1, Walker LS1, Von Korff M1, Feld LD1, Garner M1, Feld AD1, Whitehead WE1.
• World journal of gastroenterology : WJG.World J Gastroenterol.2015 May 14;21(18):5532-41. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i18.5532.
• AIM: To examine familial aggregation of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) via parental reinforcement/modeling of symptoms, coping, psychological distress, and exposure to stress.METHODS: Mothers of children between the ages of 8 and 15 years with and without IBS were identified through the Group Health
• PMID 25987776

Japanese Journal

• 携帯型腸音連続モニタリング装置の開発

• 「センサ・マイクロマシンと応用システム」シンポジウム論文集 電気学会センサ・マイクロマシン部門 [編] 33, 1-4, 2016-10-02
• NAID 40021215576

• 腹鳴音による過敏性腸症候群の腸活動評価

• 生体医工学 54Annual(28PM-Abstract), S403-S403, 2016
• NAID 130005285504

• 電子聴診器の録音による腸蠕動音の音源推定法

• 生体医工学 54Annual(27PM-Abstract), S229-S229, 2016
• NAID 130005285287

Related Links

• Abdominal sounds: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia

Abdominal sounds (bowel sounds) are made by the movement of the intestines as they push food through. The intestines are hollow, so bowel sounds echo through the abdomen much like the sounds heard from water ...

• Bowel sounds | definition of bowel sounds by Medical dictionary

It is typical to teach students heart sounds, separate from lung and bowel sounds and vice versa, yet, in the clinical arena, one needs to cue into lung sounds by ignoring murmurs and growling stomachs; thus, masking was an ...

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「腸雑音」
関連記事	「sound」「bow」

「腸雑音」

　　[★]

英

bowel sound, intestinal murmur, intestinal sound

同

腸音

腹部の聴診

• 両膝を伸展させる。
• 腹壁の1-2ヵ所で腸蠕動音を聴取する

• 膜型聴診器を軽く宛てる。十分に時間をかけて聴取する(30秒～3分)

• 頻度(亢進、減弱、消失)
• 金属性などの異常音

BAT.436

• 5-34回/分
• 腸蠕動音はgurglesとclicksからなる。
• 長く続く腸蠕動音(borborygmi - hyperperistalsis; stomach growling

「sound」

　　[★]

• n.

• 音

• v.

• 響く

• adj.

• 健全な

Use of the amblyopic eye is encouraged by discouraging use of the sound eye with an occluding patch or using drugs or glasses to blur vision in the sound eye.

関

salutary、tone

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「bow」

　　[★]