関: dimorphous leprosy

WordNet

of questionable or minimal quality; "borderline grades"; "marginal writing ability" (同)marginal
chronic granulomatous communicable disease occurring in tropical and subtropical regions; characterized by inflamed nodules beneath the skin and wasting of body parts; caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium leprae (同)Hansen''s disease

PrepTutorEJDIC

(…の)国境線,境界線《+『of』(『between』)+『名』[+『and』+『名』]》 / 国境線上の,境界線上の / どっちつかずの,不明確な
ハンセン病,らい病

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/05/19 03:43:12」(JST)

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Borderline leprosy is a cutaneous skin condition with numerous skin lesions that are red irregularly shaped plaques.^[1]^:345

References

^ James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.

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1. ハンセン病の疫学、微生物学、臨床症状、および診断 epidemiology microbiology clinical manifestations and diagnosis of leprosy
2. ハンセン病の治療および予防 treatment and prevention of leprosy
3. 小児における後天性末梢性ニューロパチーの概要 overview of acquired peripheral neuropathies in children
4. 末梢神経腫瘍 peripheral nerve tumors
5. 結節性紅斑 erythema nodosum

English Journal

High Resolution Structural Changes of Schwann Cell and Endothelial Cells in Peripheral Nerves Across Leprosy Spectrum.

Kumar V, Sachan T, Natrajan M, Sharma A.Author information Department of Electron Microscope, National JALMA Institute for Leprosy & Other Mycobacterial Diseases (ICMR) , Taj Ganj, Agra , India.AbstractABSTRACT A systematic ultrastructure of peripheral nerves across the spectrum of leprosy was studied with an aim to better understanding the pathogenesis of nerve involvement in leprosy using light and electron microscope. The pathogenesis of nerve destruction varies in leprosy considerably along the spectrum. The study has begun to shed new light on some aspects of the infection of Mycobacterium leprae (M. lepare) and phenomenon has opened new avenue of research and possible mechanism of pathogenesis in TT/BT/BL/LL leprosy. In tuberculoid type (TT) and borderline tuberculoid (BT) leprosy, the degenerative changes of Schwann cells (SCs) and presence of perineural and perivascular cuffing by mononuclear cells. The endoneurial blood vessel (EBV) showed thickening of basement membrane with hypertrophy of EC leading to narrowing or complete occlusion of lumen and causing ischemia. However, borderline lepromatous (BL) and lepromatous leprosy (LL) foamy macrophages and vacuolated SC contain numerous small dense materials, irregular in shape and size was prominent and, considered to be degenerated and fragmented M. Leprae. The dense materials were also found in the cytoplasm of vascular EC. It was revealed that besides SC, the EC of EBV frequently harbor M. leprae in LL. The lumen of the EBV was wide open with enlarged nucleus. In the present study, the ultrastructural characteristics suggest that hypersensitivity mechanisms are possibly responsible for nerve damage in TT/BT leprosy. However, the study indicates that the mechanisms of nerve damage in BL/LL are basically different wherein hypersensitivity appears to play a very limited role.
Ultrastructural pathology.Ultrastruct Pathol.2014 Jan 24. [Epub ahead of print]
ABSTRACT A systematic ultrastructure of peripheral nerves across the spectrum of leprosy was studied with an aim to better understanding the pathogenesis of nerve involvement in leprosy using light and electron microscope. The pathogenesis of nerve destruction varies in leprosy considerably along th
PMID 24460757

Increase in TGF-β Secreting CD4(+)CD25(+) FOXP3(+) T Regulatory Cells in Anergic Lepromatous Leprosy Patients.

Saini C1, Ramesh V2, Nath I1.Author information 1National Institute of Pathology, Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi, India.2Department of Dermatology, Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.AbstractBACKGROUND: Lepromatous leprosy caused by Mycobacterium leprae is associated with antigen specific T cell unresponsiveness/anergy whose underlying mechanisms are not fully defined. We investigated the role of CD25(+)FOXP3(+) regulatory T cells in both skin lesions and M.leprae stimulated PBMC cultures of 28 each of freshly diagnosed patients with borderline tuberculoid (BT) and lepromatous leprosy (LL) as well as 7 healthy household contacts of leprosy patients and 4 normal skin samples.
PLoS neglected tropical diseases.PLoS Negl Trop Dis.2014 Jan 16;8(1):e2639. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002639. eCollection 2014.
BACKGROUND: Lepromatous leprosy caused by Mycobacterium leprae is associated with antigen specific T cell unresponsiveness/anergy whose underlying mechanisms are not fully defined. We investigated the role of CD25(+)FOXP3(+) regulatory T cells in both skin lesions and M.leprae stimulated PBMC cultur
PMID 24454972

Leprosy and hepatitis B coinfection in southern Brazil.

Leitão C1, Ueda D1, de Moraes Braga AC1, Boldt AB1, Messias-Reason IJ2.Author information 1Laboratório de Imunopatologia Molecular, Department of Medical Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.2Laboratório de Imunopatologia Molecular, Department of Medical Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil. Electronic address: iarareason@hc.ufpr.br.AbstractTo investigate the association of leprosy with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, as yet unknown for South Brazil, we assessed hepatitis B virus coinfection in 199 South Brazilian leprosy patients (119 lepromatous, 15 tuberculoid, 30 borderline, 12 undetermined and 23 unspecified) and in 681 matched blood donors by screening for the hepatitis B virus markers HBSAg and anti-HBc, using ELISA. Positive samples were retested and anti-HBc+ only samples were tested for the hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs). There was a strong association between leprosy and hepatitis B virus infection (OR=9.8, 95% CI=6.4-14.7; p=0.004·E(-30)), as well as an association between HBV infection and lepromatous leprosy, compared to other forms (OR=2.4, 95% CI=1.2-4.8; p=0.017). We also found that confinement due to leprosy was associated with hepatitis B virus infection (OR=3.9, 95% CI=2.1-7.4; p=0.015·E(-3)). Leprosy patients are susceptible to develop hepatitis B virus infection, especially lepromatous. Institutionalized patients, who probably present a stronger Th2 response, have higher risk of being exposed to hepatitis B virus. This clearly emphasizes the need for special care to leprosy patients in preventing hepatitis B virus coinfection in South Brazil.
The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases.Braz J Infect Dis.2014 Jan-Feb;18(1):8-12. doi: 10.1016/j.bjid.2013.04.003. Epub 2013 Aug 6.
To investigate the association of leprosy with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, as yet unknown for South Brazil, we assessed hepatitis B virus coinfection in 199 South Brazilian leprosy patients (119 lepromatous, 15 tuberculoid, 30 borderline, 12 undetermined and 23 unspecified) and in 681 matched
PMID 23933408