同: 両耳側半盲

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/08/02 22:33:09」(JST)

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Bitemporal hemianopsia (aka bitemporal heteronymous hemianopsia or bitemporal hemianopia) is the medical description of a type of partial blindness where vision is missing in the outer half of both the right and left visual field. It is usually associated with lesions of the optic chiasm, the area where the optic nerves from the right and left eyes cross near the pituitary gland.

Causes

In bitemporal hemianopsia vision is missing in the outer (temporal or lateral) half of both the right and left visual fields. Information from the temporal visual field falls on the nasal (medial) retina. The nasal retina is responsible for carrying the information along the optic nerve, and crosses to the other side at the optic chiasm. When there is compression at optic chiasm the visual impulse from both nasal retina are affected, leading to inability to view the temporal, or peripheral, vision. This phenomenon is known as bitemporal hemianopsia. Knowing the neurocircuitry of visual signal flow through the optic tract is very important in understanding bitemporal hemianopsia.

Bitemporal hemianopsia most commonly occurs as a result of tumors located at the mid-optic chiasm. Since the adjacent structure is the pituitary gland, some common tumors causing compression are pituitary adenomas and craniopharyngiomas. Also another relatively common neoplastic etiology is meningiomas. An etiology of vascular origin is an aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery which arise superior to the chiasm, enlarge, and compress it from above.

Etymology

The absence of vision in half of a visual field is described as hemianopsia.

The visual field of each eye can be divided in two vertically, with the outer half being described as temporal, and the inner half being described as nasal.

"Bitemporal hemianopsia" can be broken down as follows:

bi-: involves both left and right visual fields
temporal: involves the temporal visual field
hemi-: involves half of each visual field
anopsia: blindness (formed by a(n) ^no + opsis ^vision + ia)

External links

Case report of Bilateral Hemianopsia Due to Pituitary Adenoma. Clinical Cases and Images. at blogspot.com
1872363522 at GPnotebook

UpToDate Contents

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1. 鞍部腫瘤の原因、症状、および評価 causes presentation and evaluation of sellar masses
2. ゴナドトロピン産生下垂体腺腫，およびその他の臨床的に非機能性の下垂体腺腫の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of gonadotroph and other clinically nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas
3. 急性持続性視力喪失が認められた成人に対するアプローチ approach to the adult with acute persistent visual loss
4. 脳腫瘍の臨床所見および診断 clinical presentation and diagnosis of brain tumors
5. 頭蓋内胚細胞腫瘍 intracranial germ cell tumors

English Journal

Hemianopic line bisection error in a patient with Alzheimer's disease.

Kang H1, Kim SK2, Park KJ3, Choi NC2, Kwon OY2, Lim BH2.
Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology.Neurol Sci.2017 Mar;38(3):489-491. doi: 10.1007/s10072-016-2785-5. Epub 2016 Nov 28.
PMID 27896492

Bolstering the Nasoseptal Flap Using Sphenoid Sinus Fat Packing: A Technical Case Report.

Abou-Al-Shaar H1, Zaidi HA1, Cote DJ1, Laws ER Jr2.
World neurosurgery.World Neurosurg.2017 Mar;99:813.e1-813.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2016.12.009. Epub 2016 Dec 18.
PMID 27993737
PMID 28219086

Japanese Journal

原発性トルコ鞍部神経芽腫の1例

山下真治,上原久生,新甫武也,横上聖貴,盛口清香,佐藤勇一郎,丸塚浩助,福島剛,竹島秀雄
脳神経外科ジャーナル 20(11), 833-840, 2011-11-20
まれな原発性トルコ鞍部神経芽腫を経験したので報告する.症例は75歳,女性.当初偶然に発見されたトルコ鞍部腫瘍であり,無症候性であるため経過観察されていた.2年後,視力視野障害が出現し,傍鞍部に伸展する腫瘍の拡大が認められた.神経内視鏡を用いたTSSに加え,放射線照射,白金製剤を用いた化学療法にて腫瘍縮小効果を得た.原発性トルコ鞍部神経芽腫は,これまでに9例の報告しか存在しない非常にまれな腫瘍である …
NAID 110008762365

Surgical Treatment of a Calcified Rathke's Cleft Cyst With Endoscopic Extended Transsphenoidal Surgery : Case Report

ARAI Takao,HORIGUCHI Kentaro,SAEKI Naokatsu,OKA Hidehiro,SAITO Takatoshi,TAKAHASHI FUJIGASAKI Junko,SAKAMOTO Hiroki,KATO Naoki,DOBASHI Hisashi,TANAKA Toshihide,HASEGAWA Yuzuru,ABE Toshiaki
Neurologia medico-chirurgica = 神経外科 51(7), 535-538, 2011-07-15
… Physical findings revealed panhypopituitarism and bitemporal hemianopsia. …
NAID 10029138683

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「盲目」「homonymous hemianopsia」「両耳側半盲」「quadrantanopsia」「bitemporal hemianopia」
関連記事	「hemianopsia」