betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase

ベタイン・ホモシステイン-S-メチル基転移酵素、ベタイン・ホモシステイン-S-メチルトランスフェラーゼ

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betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase

WordNet

1. the 19th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)s
2. a sweet tasting alkaloid that occurs in sugar beets

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. sulfurの化学記号 / {略}South[ern]

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/12/19 15:52:47」(JST)

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betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
Crystal structure of rat liver betaine homocysteine s-methyltransferase.
Identifiers
EC number	2.1.1.5
CAS number	9029-78-1
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene Ontology	AmiGO / EGO
Search PMC articles PubMed articles NCBI Protein search

In the field of enzymology, a betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase also known as betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase is a zinc metallo-enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from betaine to homocysteine to produce dimethylglycine and methionine respectively:

• betaine + homocysteine → dimethylglycine + methionine

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring one-carbon group methyltransferases. This enzyme participates in the metabolism of glycine, serine, threonine and also methionine.

Isozymes

In humans, there are two isozymes, BHMT and BHMT2, each encoded by a separate gene.

betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase Identifiers Symbol BHMT Entrez 635 HUGO 1047 OMIM 602888 RefSeq NM_001713 UniProt Q93088 Other data EC number 2.1.1.5 Locus Chr. 5 q13.1-q15

betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase 2 Identifiers Symbol BHMT2 Entrez 23743 HUGO 1048 OMIM 605932 RefSeq NM_017614 UniProt Q9H2M3 Other data EC number 2.1.1.5 Locus Chr. 5 q13

Tissue distribution

BHMT is expressed most predominantly in the liver and kidney.

Clinical significance

Anomalies in homocysteine metabolism have been implicated in disorders ranging from vascular disease to neural tube birth defects such as spina bifida.

See also

• betaine

References

Further reading

• Klee WA, Richards HH, Cantoni GL (1961). "The synthesis of methionine by enzymic transmethylation. VII Existence of two separate homocysteine methylpherases on mammalian liver". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 54: 157–64. doi:10.1016/0006-3002(61)90948-9. PMID 14456704.

External links

• Betaine+Homocysteine+Methyltransferase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• EC 2.1.1.5

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. ホモシステインの概要 overview of homocysteine
• 2. 溶血性尿毒症症候群（HUS）、血栓性血小板減少性紫斑病（TTP）、またはその他の血栓性微小血管障害症（TMA）が疑われる患者に対するアプローチ approach to the patient with suspected ttp hus or other thrombotic microangiopathy tma
• 3. 後天性TTPおよびその他の原発性血栓性微小血管障害症（TMA）の病態生理 pathophysiology of acquired ttp and other primary thrombotic microangiopathies tmas
• 4. 小児における溶血性尿毒症症候群の概要 overview of hemolytic uremic syndrome in children
• 5. 有機酸血症 organic acidemias

English Journal

• Splicing variants of the porcine betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase gene: implications for mammalian metabolism.

• Ganu R, Garrow T, Koutmos M, Rund L, Schook LB.SourceDivision of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
• Gene.Gene.2013 Oct 25;529(2):228-37. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.07.103. Epub 2013 Aug 13.
• Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (BHMT) activity is only detected in the liver of rodents, but in both the liver and kidney cortex of humans and pigs; therefore, the pig was chosen as a model to define the spatial and temporal expression of BHMT during development. During fetal development,
• PMID 23948084

• Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and methionine synthase A2756G polymorphisms influence on leukocyte genomic DNA methylation level.

• Weiner AS, Boyarskikh UA, Voronina EN, Mishukova OV, Filipenko ML.SourceInstitute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Lavrentjeva, 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street, 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
• Gene.Gene.2013 Oct 5. pii: S0378-1119(13)01332-2. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.09.098. [Epub ahead of print]
• Methionine synthase (MTR) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) enzymes are involved in the metabolism of methyl groups, and thus have an important role in the maintenance of proper DNA methylation level. In our study we aimed to evaluate the effect of the polymorphism A2756G (rs1805087) i
• PMID 24103477

• Effects of hyperhomocysteinemia and betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase inhibition on hepatocyte metabolites and the proteome.

• Selicharová I, Kořínek M, Demianová Z, Chrudinová M, Mládková J, Jiráček J.SourceInstitute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Praha, Czech Republic. selicharova@uochb.cas.cz
• Biochimica et biophysica acta.Biochim Biophys Acta.2013 Aug;1834(8):1596-606. doi: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2013.05.009. Epub 2013 May 18.
• Both cardiovascular disease and liver injury are major public health issues. Hyperhomocysteinemia has been linked to cardiovascular diseases, and defects in methyl group metabolism, often resulting in hyperhomocysteinemia, are among the key molecular events postulated to play a role in liver injury.
• PMID 23689031

Japanese Journal

• L-serine attenuate steatosis by suppression of hyperhomocysteinemia

• 日本毒性学会学術年会 39.2(0), AP-222, 2012
• NAID 130005009167

• Hepatic Cystathionine β-Synthase Activity Does Not Increase in Response to Methionine Supplementation in Rats Fed a Low Casein Diet : Association with Plasma Homocysteine Concentrations

• Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology 55(2), 178-185, 2009-04-01
• NAID 10025970986

• High Casein Diet Decreases Plasma Homocysteine Concentration in Rats

• Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology 55(1), 22-30, 2009-02
• NAID 110007110612

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