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- Agrostis
WordNet
- annual or perennial grasses cosmopolitan in northern hemisphere: bent grass (so named from `bent meaning an area of unfenced grassland) (同)genus Agrostis
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2015/10/12 10:39:03」(JST)
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Bentgrass |
|
Agrostis capillaris |
Scientific classification |
Kingdom: |
Plantae |
(unranked): |
Angiosperms |
(unranked): |
Monocots |
(unranked): |
Commelinids |
Order: |
Poales |
Family: |
Poaceae |
Genus: |
Agrostis
L. |
Type species |
Agrostis canina
L.[1][2] |
Synonyms[3] |
- Vilfa Adans.
- Trichodium Michx.
- Decandolia T.Bastard
- Agraulus P.Beauv.
- Notonema Raf.
- Candollea Steud.
- Bromidium Nees & Meyen
- Anomalotis Steud.
- Didymochaeta Steud.
- Agrestis Bubani
- Podagrostis (Griseb.) Scribn. & Merr.
- Pentatherum Nábelek
- Senisetum Honda
- Neoschischkinia Tzvelev
- Linkagrostis Romero García, Blanca & C.Morales
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Agrostis (bent or bentgrass) is a large and very nearly cosmopolitan genus of plants in the grass family, found in nearly all the countries in the world.[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]
- Species[3]
- formerly included[3]
hundreds of species now considered better suited to other genera: Achnatherum Aira Alloteropsis Apera Arundinella Calamagrostis Chaetopogon Chionochloa Chloris Cinna Colpodium Crypsis Cynodon Deschampsia Dichelachne Digitaria Eremochloa Eriochloa Eustachys Gastridium Graphephorum Gymnopogon Lachnagrostis Leptochloa Muhlenbergia Pentameris Phippsia Piptatherum Poa Polypogon Puccinellia Reimarochloa Relchela Schismus Sporobolus Zingeria
Contents
- 1 Uses
- 1.1 Creeping Bent
- 1.2 Common Bent
- 1.3 Velvet Bent
- 2 Butterfly foodplant
- 3 See also
- 4 References
- 5 External links
Uses
Some species of bents are commonly used for lawn grass. This is a desirable grass for golf course tees, fairways and greens.
Bentgrass is used in turf applications for its numerous advantages: it can be mowed to a very short length without damage, it can handle a great amount of foot traffic, it has a shallow root system that is thick and dense allowing it to be seeded and grow rather easily, and it has a pleasing, deep green appearance. The name "bent" refers to the shallow roots, which bend just below the surface of the soil to propagate laterally.
Creeping Bent
(Agrostis stolonifera) is the most commonly used species of Agrostis. Historically, it was often called Orcheston long grass, after a village on Salisbury Plain, England. It is cultivated almost exclusively on golf courses, especially on putting greens. Creeping Bent aggressively produces horizontal stems, called stolons, that run along the soil's surface. These allow Creeping Bent to form dense stands under conducive conditions and outcompete bunch-type grass and broadleaf weeds. As such, if infested in a home lawn, it can become a troublesome weed problem. The leaves of the bentgrass are long and slender.
Common Bent
(Agrostis capillaris) was brought to America from Europe. This was the type of grass that was used on the lawns of most estates. It is the tallest of the bents with very fine texture and like most bent grasses grows very dense. Although this species has been used on golf courses and sporting fields it is better suited for lawns. Colonial Bent is fairly easy to grow from seeds and fertilization of the lawn is not as intense. This grass also takes longer to establish than Creeping Bent. However it does not require the intense maintenance.
Velvet Bent
(Agrostis canina) gets it name for the velvet appearance that this grass produces. It has the finest texture of all the bent grasses. This grass was used in Europe for estate lawns and golf courses because it could be cut so short. Velvet bent grass requires similar upkeep and maintenance to Creeping Bent. Velvet Bent has recently had a resurgence in the UK due to the high demands on greens from inclement weather and speed expectations. This species also has a lighter color than the two previous species.
Butterfly foodplant
Butterflies whose caterpillars feed on Agrostis include:
- Zabulon Skipper, Poanes zabulon
See also
- Dollar spot
- List of Poaceae genera
References
- ^ lectotype designated by Philipson, J. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 51 (1937)
- ^ Tropicos, Agrostis L.
- ^ a b c Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ^ Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 1: 61-63
- ^ Watson L, Dallwitz MJ. (2008). "The grass genera of the world: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval; including synonyms, morphology, anatomy, physiology, phytochemistry, cytology, classification, pathogens, world and local distribution, and references". The Grass Genera of the World. Retrieved 2009-08-19.
- ^ Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 340 剪股颖属 jian gu ying shu Agrostis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 61. 1753.
- ^ Flora of Pakistan
- ^ Altervista Flora Italiana genere Agrostis includes photos and distribution maps of several species
- ^ Ausgrass, Grasses of Australia
- ^ Cabi, E. & M. Doğan. 2012. Poaceae. 690–756. In A. Güner, S. Aslan, T. Ekim, M. Vural & M. T. Babaç (eds.) Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi. Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, Istanbul
- ^ Rúgolo de Agrasar, Z. E. & A. M. Molina. 1997. Las especies del género Agrostis L. (Gramineae: Agrostideae) de Chile. Gayana, Botánnca 54(2): 91–156
- ^ Soreng, R. J. & P. M. Peterson. 2003. Agrostis. 48: 42–89. In R. J. Soreng, P. M. Peterson, G. Davidse, E. J. Judziewicz, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae, Contributions from the United States National Herbarium. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C
- ^ Zon, A. P. M. v. 1992. Graminées du Cameroun. Wageningen Agricultural University Papers 92–1(2): 1–557.
External links
- Interactive Key to Agrostis of North America
English Journal
- Impact of vineyard abandonment and natural recolonization on metal content and availability in Mediterranean soils.
- de Santiago-Martín A1, Vaquero-Perea C2, Valverde-Asenjo I3, Quintana Nieto JR4, González-Huecas C5, Lafuente AL6, Vázquez de la Cueva A7.
- The Science of the total environment.Sci Total Environ.2016 May 1;551-552:57-65. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.185. Epub 2016 Feb 11.
- Abandonment of vineyards after uprooting has dramatically increased in last decades in Mediterranean countries, often followed by vegetation expansion processes. Inadequate management strategies can have negative consequences on soil quality. We studied how the age and type of vegetation cover and s
- PMID 26874761
- Synonymous mutation gene design to overexpress ACCase in creeping bentgrass to obtain resistance to ACCase-inhibiting herbicides.
- Heckart DL1, Schwartz BM2, Raymer PL3, Parrott WA4.
- Transgenic research.Transgenic Res.2016 Apr 26. [Epub ahead of print]
- Overexpression of a native gene can cause expression of both introduced and native genes to be silenced by posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) mechanisms. PTGS mechanisms rely on sequence identity between the transgene and native genes; therefore, designing genes with mutations that do not cau
- PMID 27116460
- Enhancing cytokinin synthesis by overexpressing ipt alleviated drought inhibition of root growth through activating ROS-scavenging systems in Agrostis stolonifera.
- Xu Y1, Burgess P1, Zhang X2, Huang B3.
- Journal of experimental botany.J Exp Bot.2016 Apr;67(6):1979-92. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erw019. Epub 2016 Feb 17.
- Drought stress limits root growth and inhibits cytokinin (CK) production. Increases in CK production through overexpression of isopentenyltransferase (ipt) alleviate drought damages to promote root growth. The objective of this study was to investigate whether CK-regulated root growth was involved i
- PMID 26889010
Japanese Journal
- クリーピングベントグラス2品種の夏季の芝生品質と芝生表面に結露した水滴のEC値および葉身からの電解質の溶出との関係
- 苗立枯症を呈したベントグラスから分離されたPythium属菌3種の宿主範囲と発病適温
- GCSAA GOLFCOURSE MANAGEMENT 干ばつ期のクリーピングベントグラス生育改善 (日本語版ダイジェスト アメリカの最新コース管理情報を読む)
Related Links
- Bentgrass - Bentgrass lawns, bentgrass fairways, bentgrass tee boxes and putting greens - No one can deny the beauty of bentgrass. Creeping bentgrass, whether ... I’ve spent a lot of time and money putting together a bentgrass ...
- Bentgrass is one of the most beautiful types of grass you will ever see. Just ask any golfer as he stands on a bentgrass tee box, walks a bentgrass fairways, or putts on a bentgrass putting green. Even though it is very difficult to ...
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