bacterioplankton

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/06/25 21:46:56」(JST)

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Bacterioplankton refers to the bacterial component of the plankton that drifts in the water column. The name comes from the Ancient Greek word πλανκτος (planktos), meaning "wanderer" or "drifter" (Thurman, 1997), and bacterium, a Latin neologism coined in the 19th century by Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg. They are found in both seawater and freshwater.

Bacterioplankton occupy a range of ecological niches in marine and aquatic ecosystems. They are both primary producers and primary consumers in these ecosystems and drive global biogeochemical cycling of elements essential for life (e.g., carbon and nitrogen fixation). Many are saprotrophic, and obtain energy by consuming organic material produced by other organisms. This material may be dissolved in the medium and taken directly from there, or bacteria may live and grow in association with particulate material such as marine snow. Many other bacterioplankton species are autotrophic, and derive energy from either photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. The latter are often categorised as picophytoplankton, and include cyanobacterial groups such as Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus. Bacterioplankton play critical roles in global nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, remineralisation and methanogenesis.

Like other small plankton, the bacterioplankton are preyed upon by zooplankton (usually protozoans), and their numbers are also controlled through infection by bacteriophages.

References

Thurman, H. V. (1997). Introductory Oceanography. New Jersey, USA: Prentice Hall College. ISBN 0-13-262072-3.

External links

Typical Marine bacterioplankton
A list of Seawater Bacteria
Marine Bacterioplankton Database

English Journal

Thalassospira sp. Isolated from the Oligotrophic Eastern Mediterranean Sea Exhibits Chemotaxis toward Inorganic Phosphate during Starvation.

Hutz A, Schubert K, Overmann J.SourceLeibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen, Inhoffenstrase 7B, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany. joerg.overmann@dsmz.de.
Applied and environmental microbiology.Appl Environ Microbiol.2011 Jul;77(13):4412-21. Epub 2011 May 20.
The eastern Mediterranean Sea represents an ultraoligotrophic environment where soluble phosphate limits the growth of bacterioplankton. Correspondingly, genes coding for high-affinity phosphate uptake systems and for organophosphonate utilization are highly prevalent in the plankton metagenome. Che
PMID 21602377

Genome Sequence of Strain TW15, a Novel Member of the Genus Ruegeria, Belonging to the Marine Roseobacter Clade.

Lee J, Roh SW, Whon TW, Shin NR, Kim YO, Bae JW.SourceDepartment of Biology, Kyung Hee University, HoeGi-Dong 1, DongDaeMun-Gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea. baejw@khu.ac.kr.
Journal of bacteriology.J Bacteriol.2011 Jul;193(13):3401-2. Epub 2011 May 6.
Ruegeria sp. TW15, which belongs to the family Rhodobacteraceae, was isolated from an ark clam in the South Sea of Korea. Here is presented the draft genome sequence of Ruegeria sp. TW15 (4,490,771 bp with a G+C content of 55.7%), a member of the marine Roseobacter clade, which comprises up to 20% o
PMID 21551304

Japanese Journal

Effects of nutrient supplies on the growth rates of planktonic bacteria in Uchiumi Bay, Japan

Ichinotsuka D,Katano T,Takeoka H,Nakano S
Aquatic Biology 9(2), 123-130, 2010-04-15
… Bacterioplankton bulk growth rates ranged between 0.37 and 1.86 d–1, with relatively high growth rates during the period of strong thermal stratification. …
NAID 120002511321

1B-8(P-3) 淡水圏において重要な浮遊細菌群に関する研究(口頭発表+ポスター発表)

渡邊圭司,小松伸行,石井裕一,朴虎東,宮田亮,野田尚宏,関口勇
日本微生物生態学会講演要旨集 (25), 13, 2009-11-21
NAID 110007520312

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