出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/10/30 11:52:59」(JST)
| Autotransplantation | |
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| Intervention | |
| MeSH | D014182 |
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Autotransplantation is the transplantation of organs, tissues, or even particular proteins from one part of the body to another in the same person (auto- = "self-"). The autologous tissue (also called autogenous, autogeneic, or autogenic tissue) transplanted by such a procedure is called an autograft or autotransplant. It is contrasted with allotransplantation (from other individual of same species) and xenotransplantation (from other species). A common example is the removal of a piece of bone (usually from the hip) and its being ground into a paste for the reconstruction of another portion of bone.
In blood banking terminology, autologous blood donation refers to a blood donation marked for use by the donor, typically for a scheduled surgery. (Generally, the notion of "donation" does not refer to giving to one's self, though in this context it has become somewhat acceptably idiomatic.) They are commonly called "Autos" by blood bank personnel, and it is one major form of the more general concept of autotransfusion (the other being intraoperative blood salvage).
Some advantages of autologous blood donation are:
The disadvantages are:
Autologous blood is not routinely tested for infectious diseases markers such as HIV antibodies. In the United States, autologous blood is tested only if it is collected in one place and shipped to another.
There is also a risk that, in an emergency or if more blood is required than has been set aside in advance, the patient could still be exposed to donor blood instead of autologous blood. Autologous donation is also not suitable for patients who are medically unable to or advised not to give blood, such as cardiac patients or small children and infants.
In orthopaedic medicine, bone graft can be sourced from a patient's own bone in order to fill space and produce an osteogenic response in a bone defect. However, due to the donor-site morbidity associated with autograft, other methods such as bone allograft and bone morphogenetic proteins and synthetic graft materials are often used as alternatives. Autografts have long been considered the "Gold Standard" in Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry because it offered the best regenerations results. Lately, the introduction of morphogen-enhanced bone graft substitutes have shown to show similar success rates and quality of regeneration; however, their price is still very high.
Skin autografting is commonly used to treat burns victims.
Recent advances in decellularization have allowed researchers to recreate an organ using a patient's own tissue cells that are grafted on an allograft protein scaffold.[2]
Organ transplantation
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| Medical grafting |
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| Organ donation |
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Transfusion medicine
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| General concepts |
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| Blood group systems / blood types |
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| Blood products / blood donation |
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| リンク元 | 「自家性」「autogenous」「自家」 |
| 拡張検索 | 「autologous transfusion」「autologous transplantation」「autologous blood transfusion」「autologous activated lymphocyte」 |