WordNet

relating to or located in the atmosphere; "atmospheric tests" (同)atmospherical

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空電(大気中の電磁波の妨害により受信器に混じる雑音)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/05/18 09:33:51」(JST)

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In marketing the term atmospherics is used to describe the discipline of designing commercial spaces. Atmospherics was coined by Philip Kotler in a 1973 article in the Journal of Retailing.^[1]

Kotler argues that the tangible product is only a small part of the total consumption package. Buyers respond to the total product, which include services, warranties, packaging, advertising, financing, pleasantries, images and so on. Atmospherics covers three major art forms important to retail: architecture: exterior structure, interior design, and the design of window displays. The atmosphere of a commercial space performs three functions: creating attention, messages (communication) and affect.

The term atmosphere is a term borrowed from architecture. Space designed to make people feel a certain way. This is apparent in cathedrals, which inspire a feeling of spiritual awe.

Kotler provides two definitions of atmospherics. It is the "conscious designing of space to create certain effects in buyers" or more precise, "the effort to design buying environments to produce specific emotional effects in the buyer that enhance purchase probability".

Atmospherics is a qualitative construct that encompasses four of the main senses, with the exclusion of taste. The atmosphere of a commercial space can be divided in the intended atmosphere: the designed space; and the perceived atmosphere: the consumer's perception of that space.

Atmospherics is a relevant marketing tool where the product is purchased of consumed and where the seller has design options. These are generally retail spaces such as shops and restaurants, but also libraries, religious buildings, civic buildings and so on.

Atmospherics is more relevant as the number of competitive outlets increase and where product or price differences are small. Kotler presents atmospherics as an important concept in the positioning of the value offering. Atmospherics is also considered more relevant where product and services are targeted at specific buyer groups.

Kotler proposes a causal chain, connecting atmosphere and purchase probability:

Sensory qualities of space surrounding purchase object
Buyer's perception of the sensory qualities
Effect of perceived sensory qualities
Impact of buyers modified information and affective state

References

^ Kotler, P. (1973). Atmospherics as a marketing tool. Journal of Retailing, 49(4), 48-64.

English Journal

Heteroblasty in epiphytic bromeliads: functional implications for species in understorey and exposed growing sites.

Beyschlag J1, Zotz G1,2.
Annals of botany.Ann Bot.2017 May 16. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcx048. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID 28510657

Chocolate scents and product sales: a randomized controlled trial in a Canadian bookstore and café.

McGrath MC1, Aronow PM2, Shotwell V3.
SpringerPlus.Springerplus.2016 May 21;5(1):670. doi: 10.1186/s40064-016-2303-5. eCollection 2016.
PMID 27347464

Exploring the relationship between nature sounds, connectedness to nature, mood and willingness to buy sustainable food: A retail field experiment.

Spendrup S1, Hunter E2, Isgren E3.
Appetite.Appetite.2016 May 1;100:133-41. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.02.007. Epub 2016 Feb 10.
PMID 26876909

Japanese Journal

Nighttime D-region equivalent electron density determined from tweek sferics observed in the South Pacific Region

KUMAR Sushil,DEO Anil,RAMACHANDRAN V.
Earth, planets and space 61(7), 905-911, 2009-07-01
NAID 10029013636

Development of a Regional Climate Model (CREM) and Evaluation on Its Simulation of Summer Climate over Eastern China

SHI Hongbo,YU Rucong,LI Jian,ZHOU Tianjun
Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan. Ser. II 87(3), 381-401, 2009-06-25
… This paper describes and evaluates the performance of a regional climate model developed at the State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospherics Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics/Institute of Atmospheric Physics (LASG/IAP). …
NAID 110007337800

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