関: blastopore、gastrula、primitive gut

WordNet

central cavity of the gastrula; becomes the intestinal or digestive cavity
double-walled stage of the embryo resulting from invagination of the blastula; the outer layer of cells is the ectoderm and the inner layer differentiates into the mesoderm and endoderm
the opening into the archenteron

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/04/29 00:24:50」(JST)

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The primary gut that forms during gastrulation in the developing zygote is known as the archenteron or the digestive tube. It develops into the endoderm and mesoderm of an animal.

Formation of the Archenteron in Sea Urchins

See Gastrulation.

As primary mesenchyme cells detach from the vegetal pole in the gastrula and enter the fluid filled cavity in the center (the blastocoel), the remaining cells at the vegetal pole flatten to form a vegetal plate. This buckles inwards towards the blastocoel in a process called invagination. The cells continue to be rearranged until the shallow dip formed by invagination transforms into a deeper, narrower pouch formed by the gastrula's endoderm. This narrowing and lengthening of the archenteron is driven by convergent extension. The open end of the archenteron is called the blastopore.

The Archenteron is labeled as the digestive tube

The filopodia--thin fibers formed by the mesenchyme cells--found in a late gastrula contract to drag the tip of the archenteron across the blastocoel. The endoderm of the archenteron will fuse with the ectoderm of the blastocoel wall. At this point gastrulation is complete, and the gastrula has a functional digestive tube.

Similar Formation of the Archenteron in Other Animals

The indentation that is actually formed is called the lip of the blastopore or the dorsal lip in amphibians and fish, and the primitive streak in birds and mammals. Each is controlled by the dorsal blastopore, and primitive node (also known as Hensen's node), respectively.

During Gastrulation, the Archenteron develops into the digestive tube, with the blastopore developing into either the mouth (Protostome) or the anus (Deuterostome)

External links

Diagram

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English Journal

Sperm exposure to carbon-based nanomaterials causes abnormalities in early development of purple sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus).

Mesarič T1, Sepčić K1, Drobne D2, Makovec D3, Faimali M4, Morgana S4, Falugi C5, Gambardella C6.
Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands).Aquat Toxicol.2015 Jun;163:158-66. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.04.012. Epub 2015 Apr 11.
We examined egg fertilisation in purple sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) after sperm exposure to carbon-based nanomaterials, carbon black (CB) and graphene oxide (GO), from 0.0001mg/L to 1.0mg/L. Gastrula stage embryos were investigated for acetylcholinesterase and propionylcholinesterase activiti
PMID 25897690

MgcRacGAP restricts active RhoA at the cytokinetic furrow and both RhoA and Rac1 at cell-cell junctions in epithelial cells.

Breznau EB1, Semack AC2, Higashi T3, Miller AL4.
Molecular biology of the cell.Mol Biol Cell.2015 May 6. pii: mbc.E14-11-1553. [Epub ahead of print]
Localized activation of Rho GTPases is essential for multiple cellular functions, including cytokinesis and formation and maintenance of cell-cell junctions. Although MgcRacGAP (Mgc) is required for spatially confined RhoA-GTP at the equatorial cortex of dividing cells, both the target specificity o
PMID 25947135

Morphological and morphometric aspects of early life stages of piabanha Brycon gouldingi (Characidae).

Faustino F1, Makino LC, Neumann E, Nakaghi LS.
Journal of fish biology.J Fish Biol.2015 May;86(5):1491-506. doi: 10.1111/jfb.12652. Epub 2015 Mar 23.
Adult specimens of piabanha Brycon gouldingi were collected from Rio das Mortes (Mato Grosso, Brazil), adapted to captivity and induced to spawn at Buriti Fisheries (Nova Mutum, MT, Brazil). The early developmental stages of B. gouldingi were then characterized. Samples were collected at pre-determi
PMID 25809317