WordNet

a disorder of the vocal organs that results in the loss of voice (同)voicelessness

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/02/20 14:36:47」(JST)

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Aphonia is the inability to produce voice. It is considered more severe than dysphonia. A primary cause of aphonia is bilateral disruption of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, which supplies nearly all the muscles in the larynx. Damage to the nerve may be the result of surgery (e.g., thyroidectomy) or a tumor.

Aphonia means "no sound." In other words, a person with this disorder has lost his/her voice.

Psychogenic aphonia

Psychogenic aphonia is often seen in patients with underlying psychological problems. Laryngeal examination will show usually bowed vocal folds that fail to adduct to the midline during phonation. However, the vocal folds will adduct when the patient is asked to cough. Treatment should involve consultation and counseling with a speech pathologist and, if necessary, a psychologist.

In this case, the patient's history and the observed unilateral immobility rules out functional aphonia.

Causes

There are many reasons why this may happen. Injuries seem to be the cause of aphonia rather frequently; minor injuries can affect the second and third dorsal area in such a manner that the lymph patches concerned with coordination become either atrophic or relatively nonfunctioning. Tracheotomy can also cause aphonia.

Basically, any injury or condition that prevents the vocal cords, the paired bands of muscle tissue positioned over the trachea, from coming together and vibrating will have the potential to make a person unable to speak. When a person prepares to speak, the vocal folds come together over the trachea and vibrate due to the airflow from the lungs. This mechanism produces the sound of the voice. If the vocal folds cannot meet together to vibrate, sound will not be produced. Aphonia can also be caused by and is often accompanied by fear.

External links

Muscle Tension Aphonia Video Example

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Clinical Features of Psychogenic Voice Disorder and the Efficiency of Voice Therapy and Psychological Evaluation.

Tezcaner ZÇ1, Gökmen MF2, Yıldırım S2, Dursun G2.
Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation.J Voice.2017 Nov 6. pii: S0892-1997(17)30430-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.09.022. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID 29122418

Proof of Concept of a Tracheoesophageal Voice Prosthesis Insufflator for Speech Production After Total Laryngectomy.

Starmer H1, Taylor RH2, Noureldine SI3, Richmon JD4.
Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation.J Voice.2017 Jul;31(4):514.e1-514.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.12.007. Epub 2017 Jan 26.
PMID 28131461

Association of alirocumab therapy with inflammatory lesions of the vocal folds: A case report.

Benedict PA1, Abdou RM2, Dion GR1, Woo P3, Branski RC1, Amin MR1.
The Laryngoscope.Laryngoscope.2017 Jul;127(7):1652-1654. doi: 10.1002/lary.26426. Epub 2016 Dec 9.
PMID 27933632