未分化の、低分化の、退形成の

関: anaplasia、poorly-differentiated、undifferentiated

同: malignant astrocytoma, 退形成性悪性星状細胞腫

WordNet

of or relating to anaplasia
loss of structural differentiation within a cell or group of cells often with increased capacity for multiplication, as in a malignant tumor
not differentiated (同)uniform

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/05/07 07:44:19」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

Anaplasia (from ancient Greek: ἀνά ana, "on" + πλάσις plasis, "formation") refers to a reversion of differentiation in cells and is characteristic of malignant neoplasms (tumors). Sometimes, the term also includes an increased capacity for multiplication.^[1] Lack of differentiation is considered a hallmark of aggressive malignancies. The term anaplasia literally means "to form backward". It implies dedifferentiation, or loss of structural and functional differentiation of normal cells. It is now known, however, that at least some cancers arise from stem cells in tissues; in these tumors failure of differentiation, rather than dedifferentiation of specialized cells, account for undifferentiated tumors.

Anaplastic cells display marked pleomorphism. The nuclei are characteristically extremely hyperchromatic (darkly stained) and large. The nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio may approach 1:1 instead of the normal 1:4 or 1:6. Giant cells that are considerably larger than their neighbors may be formed and possess either one enormous nucleus or several nuclei (syncytia). Anaplastic nuclei are variable and bizarre in size and shape. The chromatin is coarse and clumped, and nucleoli may be of astounding size. More important, mitoses are often numerous and distinctly atypical; anarchic multiple spindles may be seen and sometimes appear as tripolar or quadripolar forms. Also, anaplastic cells usually fail to develop recognizable patterns of orientation to one another (i.e. they lose normal polarity). They may grow in sheets, with total loss of communal structures, such as gland formation or stratified squamous architecture. Anaplasia is the most extreme disturbance in cell growth encountered in the spectrum of cellular proliferations.^[2]

References [edit]

^ biology-online dictionary
^ Kumar, Vinay, Abul Abbas, Nelson Fausto, and Richard Mitchell. Robbins Basic Pathology. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier, 2007. 176-177.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 甲状腺未分化癌 anaplastic thyroid cancer
2. ALK陽性未分化大細胞型リンパ腫の臨床症状、病理学的特徴、および診断 clinical manifestations pathologic features and diagnosis of anaplastic large cell lymphoma alk positive
3. 膠芽腫（グリオブラストーマ）および未分化星細胞腫に対する術後初回治療 initial postoperative therapy for glioblastoma and anaplastic astrocytoma
4. 未分化リンパ腫キナーゼ（ALK）融合癌遺伝子陽性非小細胞肺癌 anaplastic lymphoma kinase alk fusion oncogene positive non small cell lung cancer
5. 末梢性T細胞リンパ腫の初期治療 initial treatment of peripheral t cell lymphoma

English Journal

Modified ESHAP regimen for relapsed/refractory T cell lymphoma: a retrospective analysis.

Kogure Y1, Yoshimi A, Ueda K, Nannya Y, Ichikawa M, Nakamura F, Kurokawa M.
Annals of hematology.Ann Hematol.2015 Jun;94(6):989-94. doi: 10.1007/s00277-015-2309-z. Epub 2015 Feb 17.
Peripheral T cell lymphomas account for approximately 10 % of all the non-Hodgkin lymphomas and are characterized by an aggressive clinical course and poor treatment outcome. In contrast to the improvement in the treatment of B cell lymphomas, there is no established standard chemotherapy regimen f
PMID 25687839

O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase activity is associated with response to alkylating agent therapy and with MGMT promoter methylation in glioblastoma and anaplastic glioma.

Bobola MS1, Alnoor M1, Chen JY2, Kolstoe DD1, Silbergeld DL1, Rostomily RC1, Blank A1, Chamberlain MC3, Silber JR1.
BBA clinical.BBA Clin.2015 Jun 1;3:1-10.
BACKGROUND: CpG methylation in the O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter is associated with better outcome following alkylating agent chemotherapy in glioblastoma (GBM) and anaplastic glioma (AG). To what extent improved response reflects low or absent MGMT activity in glioma tissue
PMID 25558448

Characterization of thyroid cancer cell lines in murine orthotopic and intracardiac metastasis models.

Morrison JA1, Pike LA, Lund G, Zhou Q, Kessler BE, Bauerle KT, Sams SB, Haugen BR, Schweppe RE.
Hormones & cancer.Horm Cancer.2015 Jun;6(2-3):87-99. doi: 10.1007/s12672-015-0219-0. Epub 2015 Mar 24.
Thyroid cancer incidence has been increasing over time, and it is estimated that ∼1950 advanced thyroid cancer patients will die of their disease in 2015. To combat this disease, an enhanced understanding of thyroid cancer development and progression as well as the development of efficacious, targ
PMID 25800363

Japanese Journal

臨床研究・症例報告全身に結節を認め診断に苦慮した未分化大細胞リンパ腫 (感染症)

小児科臨床 69(9), 1513-1518, 2016-09
NAID 40020909842

Visualization of heterogeneity and regional grading of gliomas by multiple features using magnetic resonance-based clustered images.

Scientific reports 6, 2016-07-26
NAID 120005825907

症例報告肺原発炎症性筋線維芽細胞腫の1切除例

京都府立医科大学雑誌 125(6), 415-420, 2016-06
NAID 40020894823

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「未分化」「anaplasia」「undifferentiated」「低分化」「poorly-differentiated」
拡張検索	「anaplastic large cell lymphoma」「anaplastic large T/null cell lymphoma」「anaplastic large-cell lymphoma」「anaplastic ependymoma」

「未分化」

–plasia
Anaplasia	cellular dedifferentiation
Aplasia	organ or part of organ missing
Hypoplasia	below-average (especially an inadequate) number of cells
Hyperplasia	proliferation of cells
Neoplasia	abnormal proliferation
Dysplasia	change in cell or tissue phenotype
Metaplasia	conversion in cell type
Prosoplasia	development of new cell function
Desmoplasia	connective tissue growth

　　[★]

英: undifferentiated、anaplastic
関: 低分化、未分化型、退形成、未分化性

「anaplasia」

　　[★] 退形成

(腫瘍細胞が未分化状態に戻ること)退形成

関: anaplastic

「undifferentiated」

　　[★]

未分化な、未分化型の、未分化性の

関: anaplastic

「低分化」

　　[★]

英: poorly-differentiated、anaplastic
関: 未分化、退形成

「poorly-differentiated」

　　[★]

低分化の

関: anaplastic

「anaplastic large cell lymphoma」

　　[★] 未分化大細胞リンパ腫 ALCL

「anaplastic large T/null cell lymphoma」

　　[★]

未分化大細胞型リンパ腫

「anaplastic large-cell lymphoma」

　　[★] 未分化大細胞リンパ腫

「anaplastic ependymoma」

　　[★]

同: 退形成性上衣腫

[1] y-online dictionary

[2] Kumar, Vinay, Abul Abbas, Nelson Fausto, and Richard Mitchell. Robbins Basic Pathology. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier, 2007. 176-177.

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案内

anaplastic