関: alphaxalone

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/04/25 06:07:00」(JST)

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Alfaxalone (INN, also known as alphaxalone or alphaxolone) is a neurosteroid general anaesthetic.

It is one of the constituents of althesin.

It is used in veterinary practice under the tradename Alfaxan. ^[1]

It is licensed for use in both dogs and cats.^{[citation needed]}

Unlike some of its predecessors alfaxalone is not associated with histamine release and anaphylaxis.^{[citation needed]}

A study 1987 found the primary mechanism for the anaesthetic action of alfaxalone to be modulation of neuronal cell membrane chloride ion transport, induced by binding of alfaxalone to GABA_A cell surface receptors. ^[2]

A 1994 study found that alfaxalone binds to a different region of this receptor than the benzodiazepines. ^[3]

Alfaxalone is metabolised rapidly in the liver. Alfaxalone has a very short plasma elimination half-life in dogs and cats.^{[citation needed]}

References

^ "Alfaxalone". Drugs.com.
^ Harrison, N. L.; Vicini, S.; Barker, J. L. (1987). "A steroid anesthetic prolongs inhibitory postsynaptic currents in cultured rat hippocampal neurons" (pdf). The Journal of neuroscience 7 (2): 604–609. PMID 3819824. edit
^ Mihic, S. J.; Whiting, P. J.; Klein, R. L.; Wafford, K. A.; Harris, R. A. (1994). "A single amino acid of the human gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor gamma 2 subunit determines benzodiazepine efficacy" (pdf). The Journal of Biological Chemistry 269 (52): 32768–32773. PMID 7806498. edit

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English Journal

An alternative method of endotracheal intubation of common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus).

Thomas AA, Leach MC, Flecknell PA.SourceInstitute of Neuroscience and Comparative Biology Centre, Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
Laboratory animals.Lab Anim.2011 Nov 2. [Epub ahead of print]
Endotracheal intubation was carried out in 11 common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). A commercially available tilting stand and a Miller laryngoscope blade were used to visualize the larynx. Anaesthesia was induced with alphaxalone (10.6 ± 1.6 mg/kg intramuscularly, followed by 3.2 ± 1.2 mg/kg int
PMID 22048957

Immersion and branchial/transcutaneous irrigation anaesthesia with alfaxalone in a Mexican axolotl.

McMillan MW, Leece EA.SourceDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia.Vet Anaesth Analg.2011 Nov;38(6):619-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2011.00660.x.
INTRODUCTION: Immersion anaesthetic techniques are commonly used in amphibian species. Alfaxalone has been reported as an immersion anaesthetic in fish but not amphibians. CASEHISTORY AND EXAMINATION: A Mexican 56 g axolotl was presented with a 3-day history of anorexia. Anaesthesia was required f
PMID 21988819

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「アルファキサロン」「alphaxalone」
拡張検索	「alfaxalone-alfadolone mixture」

「アルファキサロン」

Alfaxalone
Systematic (IUPAC) name
	3-hydroxypregnane-11,20-dione
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	International Drug Names
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status	?
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	The alfaxalone molecule is solubilised in the Alfaxan formulation using 2α- hydroxypropyl β cyclodextrin. Cyclodextrins are complex polysaccharides derived from starch that supply a hydrophobic centre for lipophilic drugs like alfaxalone.
Identifiers
CAS number	23930-19-0
ATC code	N01AX05
PubChem	CID 104845
ChemSpider	94637
UNII	BD07M97B2A
KEGG	D07282
ChEMBL	CHEMBL190279
Chemical data
Formula	C21H32O3
Mol. mass	332.477 g/mol
	SMILES O=C2[C@H]3[C@H]([C@@H]1CC[C@H](C(=O)C)[C@@]1(C)C2)CC[C@H]4C[C@H](O)CC[C@]34C;
	InChI InChI=1S/C21H32O3/c1-12(22)16-6-7-17-15-5-4-13-10-14(23)8-9-20(13,2)19(15)18(24)11-21(16,17)3/h13-17,19,23H,4-11H2,1-3H3/t13-,14+,15-,16+,17-,19+,20-,21+/m0/s1 ; Key:DUHUCHOQIDJXAT-OLVMNOGESA-N ;
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