翼状靭帯
WordNet
- any connection or unifying bond
- a sheet or band of tough fibrous tissue connecting bones or cartilages or supporting muscles or organs
- a wing of an insect
- a flat wing-shaped process or winglike part of an organism; "the alae of the nose"; "the alae of a maple seed"; "the flat petals of a pea blossom are alae"
- having or resembling wings (同)alary, aliform, wing-shaped
- a chemical sprayed on fruit trees to regulate their growth so the entire crop can be harvested at one time (同)daminozide
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 靱帯(じんたい)(骨と骨を結びつてけ関節の動きを調節する)
- 翼のある;翼の形をした
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/08/04 12:35:13」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Alar ligament |
|
Membrana tectoria, transverse, and alar ligaments. Alar ligament labeled at center right
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| Details |
| Latin |
Ligamenta alaria |
| From |
Sides of the dens (on the axis, or the second cervical vertebra) |
| To |
Tubercles on the medial side of the occipital condyle |
| Identifiers |
| Gray's |
p.296 |
Dorlands
/Elsevier |
l_09/12491573 |
| TA |
A03.2.04.002 |
| FMA |
71395 |
| Anatomical terminology |
The alar ligaments connect the sides of the dens (on the axis, the second cervical vertebra) to tubercles on the medial side of the occipital condyle.
They are short, tough, fibrous cords that attach on the skull and on the axis, and function to check side-to-side movements of the head when it is turned. Because of their function, the alar ligaments are also known as the "check ligaments of the odontoid".
Contents
- 1 Structure
- 2 Function
- 3 Clinical significance
- 4 References
Structure
The alar ligaments are two strong, rounded cords of about 0.5 cm in diameter that run from the sides of the foramen magnum of the skull to the dens of the axis, the second cervical vertebra.[1] They span almost horizontally, creating an angle between them of at least 140°.[2]
Development
The alar ligaments, along with the transverse ligament of the atlas, derive from the axial component of the first cervical sclerotome.[3]
Function
The function of the alar ligaments is to limit the amount of rotation of the head, and by their action on the dens of the axis, they attach the skull to the axis, the second cervical vertebra.[1]
Clinical significance
The alar ligaments are prone to tearing if a force is applied when the head is flexed and in rotation.[1] If an alar ligament is ruptured, the range of rotation of the head relative to the neck increases beyond the normal limit of 20 degrees.[4]
References
This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
- ^ a b c Moore, KL; Dalley, AF; Agur, AM (2013). Clinically Oriented Anatomy (7th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 469, 477. ISBN 978-1-4511-8447-1.
- ^ Osmotherly, PG; Rivett, DA; Mercer, SR (2013). "Revisiting the clinical anatomy of the alar ligaments.". European Spine Journal 22 (1): 60–64. doi:10.1007/s00586-012-2496-4. PMC 3540300. PMID 22968541.
- ^ Pang, D; Thompson, DN (2011). "Embryology and bony malformations of the craniovertebral junction.". Child's Nervous System 27 (4): 523–564. doi:10.1007/s00381-010-1358-9. PMC 3055990. PMID 21193993.
- ^ Osmotherly, PG; Rivett, D; Rowe, LJ (July 2013). "Toward understanding normal craniocervical rotation occurring during the rotation stress test for the alar ligaments.". Physical Therapy 93 (7): 986–992. doi:10.2522/ptj.20120266. PMID 23538587.
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Joints and ligaments of torso
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| Vertebral |
| Syndesmosis |
| Of vertebral bodies |
- anterior longitudinal ligament
- posterior longitudinal ligament
|
|
| Of vertebral arches |
- ligamenta flava
- supraspinous ligament
- interspinal ligament
- intertransverse ligament
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|
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| Symphysis |
- intervertebral disc (anulus fibrosus
- nucleus pulposus)
|
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| Synovial joint |
| Atlanto-axial |
- Medial: Cruciate ligament of atlas (Transverse ligament of atlas)
- Alar ligament
- Apical ligament of dens
- Tectorial membrane of atlanto-axial joint
- anterior atlantoaxial ligament
- posterior atlantoaxial ligament
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| Zygapophysial |
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| Lumbosacral |
|
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| Sacrococcygeal |
- anterior sacrococcygeal ligament
- posterior sacrococcygeal ligament
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|
|
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| Thorax |
| Costovertebral |
| Head of rib |
- Radiate ligament
- Intra-articular ligament
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| Costotransverse |
- Costotransverse ligament
- Lumbocostal ligament
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|
|
| Sternocostal |
- interarticular sternocostal ligament
- radiate sternocostal ligaments
- costoxiphoid ligaments
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| Interchondral |
|
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| Costochondral |
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| Pelvis |
| Syndesmoses of pelvic girdle |
- Obturator membrane
- Obturator canal
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|
| Pubic symphysis |
- superior pubic ligament
- inferior pubic ligament
|
|
| Sacroiliac |
- anterior sacroiliac ligament
- posterior sacroiliac ligament
- interosseous sacroiliac ligament
- ligaments connecting the sacrum and ischium: sacrotuberous ligament
- sacrospinous ligament
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Index of joint
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| Description |
- Anatomy
- head and neck
- cranial
- arms
- torso and pelvis
- legs
- bursae and sheathes
- Physiology
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| Disease |
- Arthritis
- acquired
- back
- childhood
- soft tissue
- Congenital
- Injury
- Symptoms and signs
- Examination
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| Treatment |
- Procedures
- Drugs
- rheumatoid arthritis
- gout
- topical analgesics
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Biomechanical effects of the transcondylar approach on the craniovertebral junction.
- Cardoso AC1, Fontes RB2, Tan LA2, Rhoton AL Jr3, Roh SW4, Fessler RG2.
- Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.).Clin Anat.2015 Jul;28(5):683-9. doi: 10.1002/ca.22551. Epub 2015 Apr 23.
- The transcondylar variation of the far-lateral, retrosigmoid approach is intended for pathologies in the anterolateral portion of the foramen magnum. That area is more clearly visualized when a fraction of the ipsilateral occipital condyle is removed. In this study, the biomechanical effect of this
- PMID 25914225
- In vitro biomechanics of the craniocervical junction-a sequential sectioning of its stabilizing structures.
- Radcliff KE1, Hussain MM2, Moldavsky M3, Klocke N3, Vaccaro AR4, Albert TJ4, Khalil S3, Bucklen B3.
- The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society.Spine J.2015 Jul 1;15(7):1618-28. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2015.02.004. Epub 2015 Feb 7.
- BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Occipitocervical dislocations involve translations of the craniocervical joints. The relative contributions of each ligament to overall stability and the effects of the occipitoatlantal joint capsules on the pathologic translation are unknown. Although incidences of occipitocervi
- PMID 25666697
- PMID 25681231
Japanese Journal
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Craniovertebral Ligaments and Membranes After Whiplash Trauma
- Alar, Transverse, and Apical Ligament Strain due to Head-Turned Rear Impact
- Cervical myelopathy secondary to calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition in the alar ligament.
Related Links
- alar ligament, one of a pair of ligaments that connect the axis to the occipital bone and limit rotation of the cranium. Also called check ligament, odontoid ligament. Compare membrana tectoria. alar ligament One of a pair of short ...
- Ligaments stabilizing the atlantoaxial junction (C1-C2 joint), which are shown in Figure 1, include the tectorial membrane, the cranial extension of the posterior longitudinal ligament that limits axial distraction; the alar ligaments, which ...
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- alar ligament (N), alar ligaments (K)
- ラ
- ligamenta alaria
- 関
- 環軸関節
- 図：N.18
- 歯突起の両側面から大後頭孔の外側縁に伸びる (M.268)
- 頭部の回転を抑制する (M.268)