WordNet

any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells; consist of polymers of amino acids; essential in the diet of animals for growth and for repair of tissues; can be obtained from meat and eggs and milk and legumes; "a diet high in protein"
agile long-legged rabbit-sized rodent of Central America and South America and the West Indies; valued as food (同)Dasyprocta aguti

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蛋白(たんばく)質

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/09/29 18:06:33」(JST)

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Agouti signalling peptide, a product of the Agouti gene, is a peptide consisting of 131 amino acids. Its discovery was published in 1994 in the scientific journal Nature where its functional properties were described. It acts as an inverse agonist at melanocortin receptors, to be specific MC1.^[1] It is produced by the Agouti gene ASIP.^[2]^[3]

Function[edit]

In mice, the agouti gene encodes a paracrine signalling molecule that causes hair follicle melanocytes to synthesize the yellow pigment pheomelanin instead of the black or brown pigment eumelanin. Pleiotropic effects of constitutive expression of the mouse gene include adult-onset obesity, increased tumor susceptibility, and premature infertility. This gene is highly similar to the mouse gene and encodes a secreted protein that may (1) affect the quality of hair pigmentation, (2) act as an inverse agonist of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, (3) play a role in neuroendocrine aspects of melanocortin action, and (4) have a functional role in regulating lipid metabolism in adipocytes.^[4]

References[edit]

^ Lu D, Willard D, Patel IR, Kadwell S, Overton L, Kost T, Luther M, Chen W, Woychik RP, Wilkison WO, et al (October 1994). "Agouti protein is an antagonist of the melanocyte-stimulating-hormone receptor". Nature 371 (6500): 709–802. doi:10.1038/371799a0. PMID 7935841.
^ Kwon HY, Bultman SJ, Löffler C, Chen WJ, Furdon PJ, Powell JG, Usala AL, Wilkison W, Hansmann I, Woychik RP (October 1994). "Molecular structure and chromosomal mapping of the human homolog of the agouti gene". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (21): 9760–4. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.21.9760. PMC 44896. PMID 7937887.
^ Wilson BD, Ollmann MM, Kang L, Stoffel M, Bell GI, Barsh GS (February 1995). "Structure and function of ASP, the human homolog of the mouse agouti gene". Hum. Mol. Genet. 4 (2): 223–30. doi:10.1093/hmg/4.2.223. PMID 7757071.
^ "Entrez Gene: ASIP".

External links[edit]

agouti protein at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

This article on a gene on chromosome 20 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

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English Journal

Defining the Contribution of MC1R Physiological Ligands to ATR Phosphorylation at Ser435, a Predictor of DNA Repair in Melanocytes.

Jarrett SG1, Wolf Horrell EM1,2, Boulanger MC3, D'Orazio JA1,2,4,5,6.
The Journal of investigative dermatology.J Invest Dermatol.2015 Dec;135(12):3086-95. doi: 10.1038/jid.2015.280. Epub 2015 Jul 13.
The melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), a GS-coupled receptor that signals through cAMP and protein kinase A (PKA), regulates pigmentation, adaptive tanning, and melanoma resistance. MC1R-cAMP signaling promotes PKA-mediated phosphorylation of ataxia telangiectasia and rad3-related (ATR) at Ser435 (ATR-
PMID 26168232

Temporal cAMP Signaling Selectivity by Natural and Synthetic MC4R Agonists.

Molden BM1, Cooney KA1, West K1, Van Der Ploeg LH1, Baldini G1.
Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.).Mol Endocrinol.2015 Nov;29(11):1619-33. doi: 10.1210/me.2015-1071. Epub 2015 Sep 29.
The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) is a G protein-coupled receptor expressed in the brain, where it controls energy balance through pathways including α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-dependent signaling. We have reported that the MC4R can exist in an active conformation that signals const
PMID 26418335

Sympathetic Nerve Activity Maintains an Anti-Inflammatory State in Adipose Tissue in Male Mice by Inhibiting TNF-α Gene Expression in Macrophages.

Tang L1, Okamoto S1, Shiuchi T1, Toda C1, Takagi K1, Sato T1, Saito K1, Yokota S1, Minokoshi Y1.
Endocrinology.Endocrinology.2015 Oct;156(10):3680-94. doi: 10.1210/EN.2015-1096. Epub 2015 Jul 1.
Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) play an important role in the inflammatory response in obese animals. How ATMs are regulated in lean animals has remained elusive, however. We now show that the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is necessary to maintain the abundance of the mRNA for the proinflammato
PMID 26132918

Japanese Journal

Biochemistry: Mutations in the melanocortin 1 receptor, β-defensin103 and agouti signaling protein genes, and their association with coat color phenotypes in Alita-inu doges

Oguro-Okano Mieko,Honda Mioko,Yamazaki Kaoru [他]
日本獣醫學会会誌 73(7), 853-858, 2011-07
NAID 40018935651

Mutations in the Melanocortin 1 Receptor, .BETA.-Defensin103 and Agouti Signaling Protein Genes, and Their Association with Coat Color Phenotypes in Akita-Inu Dogs

OGURO-OKANO Mieko,HONDA Mioko,YAMAZAKI Kaoru,OKANO Keiju
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 73(7), 853-858, 2011
… To identify factors that control coat color in Akita-inu dogs, we sequenced all the exons of the imelanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R)/i, βi-defensin103 (CBD103)/i and iagouti signaling protein (ASIP)/i genes of dogs with four distinct coat colors, namely, brindle, sesame, red and white. …
NAID 130000445083

「agoutiタンパク質」

agouti signalling protein, nonagouti homolog (mouse)
Identifiers
Symbol	ASIP
Alt. symbols	AGTIL
Entrez	434
HUGO	745
OMIM	600201
RefSeq	NM_001672
UniProt	P42127
Other data
Locus	Chr. 20 q11.2-q12