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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2016/05/30 05:30:45」(JST)
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S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase |
SAH hydrolase tetramer, Human
|
Identifiers |
Symbol |
AHCY |
Entrez |
191 |
HUGO |
343 |
OMIM |
180960 |
RefSeq |
NM_000687 |
UniProt |
P23526 |
Other data |
EC number |
3.3.1.1 |
Locus |
Chr. 20 q11.22 |
Adenosylhomocysteinase (EC 3.3.1.1, S-adenosylhomocysteine synthase, S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase, adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase, S-adenosylhomocysteinase, SAHase, AdoHcyase) is an enzyme that converts S-adenosylhomocysteine to homocysteine and adenosine.[1][2] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
- S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H2O L-homocysteine + adenosine
The enzyme contains one tightly bound NAD+ per subunit.
References
- ^ de la Haba, G.; Cantoni, G.L. (1959). "The enzymatic synthesis of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine from adenosine and homocysteine". J. Biol. Chem. 234: 603–608. PMID 13641268.
- ^ Palmer, J.L.; Abeles, R.H. (1979). "The mechanism of action of S-adenosylhomocysteinase". J. Biol. Chem. 254: 1217–1226. PMID 762125.
External links
- Adenosylhomocysteinase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
Metabolism: Protein metabolism, synthesis and catabolism enzymes
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Essential amino acids are in Capitals
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K→acetyl-CoA |
LYSINE→ |
- Saccharopine dehydrogenase
- Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase
|
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LEUCINE→ |
- Branched chain aminotransferase
- Branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex
- Isovaleryl coenzyme A dehydrogenase
- Methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase
- Methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase
- 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase
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TRYPTOPHAN→ |
- Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase/Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase
- Arylformamidase
- Kynureninase
- 3-hydroxyanthranilate oxidase
- Aminocarboxymuconate-semialdehyde decarboxylase
- Aminomuconate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase
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PHENYLALANINE→tyrosine→ |
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G |
G→pyruvate
→citrate |
glycine→serine→ |
- Serine hydroxymethyltransferase
- Serine dehydratase
- glycine→creatine: Guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase
- Creatine kinase
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alanine→ |
|
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cysteine→ |
|
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threonine→ |
- L-threonine dehydrogenase
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G→glutamate→
α-ketoglutarate |
HISTIDINE→ |
- Histidine ammonia-lyase
- Urocanate hydratase
- Formiminotransferase cyclodeaminase
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proline→ |
- Proline oxidase
- Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase
- 1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase/ALDH4A1
- PYCR1
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arginine→ |
- Ornithine aminotransferase
- Ornithine decarboxylase
- Agmatinase
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→alpha-ketoglutarate→TCA |
|
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Other |
- cysteine+glutamate→glutathione: Gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase
- Glutathione synthetase
- Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase
- glutamate→glutamine: Glutamine synthetase
- Glutaminase
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|
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G→propionyl-CoA→
succinyl-CoA |
VALINE→ |
- Branched chain aminotransferase
- Branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex
- Enoyl-CoA hydratase
- 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase
- 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase
- Methylmalonate semialdehyde dehydrogenase
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ISOLEUCINE→ |
- Branched chain aminotransferase
- Branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex
- 3-hydroxy-2-methylbutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase
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|
METHIONINE→ |
- generation of homocysteine: Methionine adenosyltransferase
- Adenosylhomocysteinase
- regeneration of methionine: Methionine synthase/Homocysteine methyltransferase
- Betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase
- conversion to cysteine: Cystathionine beta synthase
- Cystathionine gamma-lyase
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THREONINE→ |
|
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→succinyl-CoA→TCA |
- Propionyl-CoA carboxylase
- Methylmalonyl CoA epimerase
- Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase
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G→fumarate |
PHENYLALANINE→tyrosine→ |
- Phenylalanine hydroxylase
- Tyrosine aminotransferase
- 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase
- Homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase
- Fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase
- tyrosine→melanin: Tyrosinase
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G→oxaloacetate |
asparagine→aspartate→ |
- Asparaginase/Asparagine synthetase
- Aspartate transaminase
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Hydrolases: ether bond (EC 3.3)
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3.3.1 |
|
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3.3.2 |
- Epoxide hydrolase
- Leukotriene-A4 hydrolase
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Enzymes
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Activity |
- Active site
- Binding site
- Catalytic triad
- Oxyanion hole
- Enzyme promiscuity
- Catalytically perfect enzyme
- Coenzyme
- Cofactor
- Enzyme catalysis
- Enzyme kinetics
- Lineweaver–Burk plot
- Michaelis–Menten kinetics
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Regulation |
- Allosteric regulation
- Cooperativity
- Enzyme inhibitor
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Classification |
- EC number
- Enzyme superfamily
- Enzyme family
- List of enzymes
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Types |
- EC1 Oxidoreductases(list)
- EC2 Transferases(list)
- EC3 Hydrolases(list)
- EC4 Lyases(list)
- EC5 Isomerases(list)
- EC6 Ligases(list)
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English Journal
- Proteomics analysis in Caenorhabditis elegans to elucidate the response induced by tyrosol, an olive phenol that stimulates longevity and stress resistance.
- Cañuelo A, Peragón J.Author information Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain.AbstractTyrosol (TYR, 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol), one of the main phenols in olive oil and olive fruit, significantly strengthens resistance to thermal and oxidative stress in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and extends its lifespan. To elucidate the cellular functions regulated by TYR, we have used a proteomic procedure based on 2DE coupled with MS with the aim to identify the proteins differentially expressed in nematodes grown in a medium containing 250 μM TYR. After the comparison of the protein profiles from 250 μM TYR and from control, 28 protein spots were found to be altered in abundance (≥twofold). Analysis by MALDI-TOF/TOF and PMF allowed the unambiguous identification of 17 spots, corresponding to 13 different proteins. These proteins were as follows: vitellogenin-5, vitellogenin-2, bifunctional glyoxylate cycle protein, acyl CoA dehydrogenase-3, alcohol dehydrogenase 1, adenosylhomocysteinase, elongation factor 2, GTP-binding nuclear protein ran-1, HSP-4, protein ENPL-1 isoform b, vacuolar H ATPase 12, vacuolar H ATPase 13, GST 4. Western-blot analysis of yolk protein 170, ras-related nuclear protein, elongation factor 2, and vacuolar H ATPase H subunit supported the proteome evidence.
- Proteomics.Proteomics.2013 Oct;13(20):3064-75. doi: 10.1002/pmic.201200579. Epub 2013 Sep 18.
- Tyrosol (TYR, 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol), one of the main phenols in olive oil and olive fruit, significantly strengthens resistance to thermal and oxidative stress in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and extends its lifespan. To elucidate the cellular functions regulated by TYR, we have used a
- PMID 23929540
- DZNep, inhibitor of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase, down-regulates expression of SETDB1 H3K9me3 HMTase in human lung cancer cells.
- Lee JK, Kim KC.Author information Medical and Bio-Material Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea.Abstract3-Deazaneplanocin A (DZNep), an epigenetic anticancer drug, leads to the indirect suppression of S-adenosyl methionine-dependent cellular methylations by inhibiting S-adenosyl homocystein (AdoHcy) hydrolase. Although it is well known that DZNep targets the degradation of EZH2 protein, H3K27me3 HMTase, there are still uncertainties about the regulation of other types of HMTases during cell death. In this study, we describe that SETDB1 gene expression was regulated by DZNep treatment in human lung cancer cells. We confirm that DZNep induced growth inhibition and increased the dead cell population of lung cancer cells. DZNep treatment affected histone methylations, including H3K27me3 and H3K9me3, but not H3K4me3. Reduced levels of H3K27me3 and H3K9me3 were related with the decreased EZH2 and SETDB1 proteins. Real time PCR analysis showed that SETDB1 gene expression was decreased by DZNep treatment, but no effect was observed for EZH2 gene expression. We cloned the promoter region of SETDB1 and SUV39H1 genes, and performed luciferase assays. The promoter activity of SETDB1 gene was down regulated by DZNep treatment, whereas no effect on SUV39H1 promoter activity was observed. In conclusion, we suggest that DZNep regulates not only on H3K27me3 HMTase EZH2, but also H3K9 HMTase SETDB1 gene expression at the transcription level, implicating that the mechanism of action of DZNep targets multiple HMTases during the death of lung cancer cells.
- Biochemical and biophysical research communications.Biochem Biophys Res Commun.2013 Sep 6;438(4):647-52. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.07.128. Epub 2013 Aug 8.
- 3-Deazaneplanocin A (DZNep), an epigenetic anticancer drug, leads to the indirect suppression of S-adenosyl methionine-dependent cellular methylations by inhibiting S-adenosyl homocystein (AdoHcy) hydrolase. Although it is well known that DZNep targets the degradation of EZH2 protein, H3K27me3 HMTas
- PMID 23933322
- Effects of the crinivirus coat protein-interacting plant protein SAHH on post-transcriptional RNA silencing and its suppression.
- Cañizares MC, Lozano-Durán R, Canto T, Bejarano ER, Bisaro DM, Navas-Castillo J, Moriones E.Author information Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas IHSM-UMA-CSIC, Estación Experimental La Mayora, Málaga, Spain.AbstractIn plants, post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) is a sequence-specific mechanism of RNA degradation induced by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), which is processed into small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). siRNAs are methylated and, thereby, stabilized by the activity of the S-adenosylmethionine-dependent RNA methyltransferase HEN1. PTGS is amplified by host-encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RDR), which generate dsRNA that is processed into secondary siRNAs. To counteract this RNA silencing-mediated response of the host, plant viruses express proteins with silencing suppression activity. Here, we report that the coat protein (CP) of crinivirus (family Closteroviridae, genus Crinivirus) Tomato chlorosis virus, a known suppressor of silencing, interacts with S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (SAHH), a plant protein essential for sustaining the methyl cycle and S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase activity. Our results show that, by contributing to an increased accumulation of secondary siRNAs generated by the action of RDR6, SAHH enhances local RNA silencing. Although downregulation of SAHH prevents local silencing, it enhances the spread of systemic silencing. Our results also show that SAHH is important in the suppression of local RNA silencing not only by the crinivirus Tomato chlorosis virus CP but also by the multifunctional helper component-proteinase of the potyvirus Potato virus Y.
- Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI.Mol Plant Microbe Interact.2013 Sep;26(9):1004-15. doi: 10.1094/MPMI-02-13-0037-R.
- In plants, post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) is a sequence-specific mechanism of RNA degradation induced by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), which is processed into small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). siRNAs are methylated and, thereby, stabilized by the activity of the S-adenosylmethionine-depend
- PMID 23697374
Japanese Journal
- Identification of Proteins Regulated by Ferulic Acid in a Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Animal Model-A Proteomics Approach
- Trichomonas vaginalis : expression and characterisation of recombinant S-adenosylhomocysteinase
Related Links
- Adenosylhomocysteine is a competitive inhibitor of S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyl transferase reactions; therefore adenosylhomocysteinase may play a key role in the control of methylations via regulation of the ...
- Adenosylhomocysteine is a competitive inhibitor of S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyl transferase reactions; therefore adenosylhomocysteinase may play a key role in the control of methylations via regulation of the ...
Related Pictures
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