abrupt

• adj.

• 急激な、突然の

関

abruptly, radically, sudden, suddenly

　 　 　 　 　

WordNet

1. surprisingly and unceremoniously brusque in manner; "an abrupt reply"
2. marked by sudden changes in subject and sharp transitions; "abrupt prose" (同)disconnected
3. extremely steep; "an abrupt canyon"; "the precipitous rapids of the upper river"; "the precipitous hills of Chinese paintings"; "a sharp drop" (同)precipitous, sharp
4. exceedingly sudden and unexpected; "came to an abrupt stop"; "an abrupt change in the weather"
5. in a radical manner; "she took a radically different approach"
6. happening without warning or in a short space of time; "a sudden storm"; "a sudden decision"; "a sudden cure"
7. happening unexpectedly; "suddenly she felt a sharp pain in her side" (同)all_of_a_sudden, of a sudden
8. an abrupt discourteous manner (同)brusqueness, curtness, gruffness, shortness
9. the quality of happening with headlong haste or without warning (同)precipitateness, precipitousness, precipitance, precipitancy, suddenness
10. the property possessed by a slope that is very steep (同)precipitousness, steepness
11. quickly and without warning; "he stopped suddenly" (同)suddenly, short, dead

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 『突然の』,不意の(sudden) / (坂道などが)けわしい,急な(steep) / (態度などが)ぶっきらぼうな
2. 根本的に,徹底的に / 急進的に,過激に
3. 『突然の』,だしぬけの / 急いだ,あわただしい;急な
4. 『突然に』,だしぬけに
5. 突然に,不意に

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 心雑音および心音の鑑別診断における生理学的および薬理学的手法 physiologic and pharmacologic maneuvers in the differential diagnosis of heart murmurs and sounds
• 2. 一過性脳虚血発作および脳卒中の鑑別診断 differential diagnosis of transient ischemic attack and stroke
• 3. 経皮的冠動脈形成術の周術期合併症 periprocedural complications of percutaneous coronary intervention
• 4. 授乳および離乳の一般的問題 common problems of breastfeeding and weaning
• 5. 降圧療法に伴う離脱症候群 withdrawal syndromes with antihypertensive therapy

English Journal

• Analysis on the Filament Structure Evolution in Reset Transition of Cu/HfO2/Pt RRAM Device.

• Zhang M1,2, Long S3,4, Li Y1,2, Liu Q1,2, Lv H1,2, Miranda E5, Suñé J5, Liu M1,2.
• Nanoscale research letters.Nanoscale Res Lett.2016 Dec;11(1):269. doi: 10.1186/s11671-016-1484-8. Epub 2016 May 25.
• The resistive switching (RS) process of resistive random access memory (RRAM) is dynamically correlated with the evolution process of conductive path or conductive filament (CF) during its breakdown (rupture) and recovery (reformation). In this study, a statistical evaluation method is developed to
• PMID 27389343

• A sex difference in oxidative stress and behavioral suppression induced by ethanol withdrawal in rats.

• Jung ME1, Metzger DB2.
• Behavioural brain research.Behav Brain Res.2016 Nov 1;314:199-214. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.07.054. Epub 2016 Aug 5.
• Ethanol withdrawal (EW) is referred to the abrupt termination of long-term heavy drinking, and provokes oxidative brain damage. Here, we investigated whether the cerebellum and hippocampus of female rats are less affected by prooxidant EW than male rats due to the antioxidant effect of 17β-estradio
• PMID 27503149

• Differential activation and tyrosine hydroxylase distribution in the hippocampal, pallial and midbrain brain regions in response to cognitive performance in Indian house crows exposed to abrupt light environment.

• Taufique SK1, Kumar V2.
• Behavioural brain research.Behav Brain Res.2016 Nov 1;314:21-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.07.046. Epub 2016 Jul 28.
• Disruption of the cyclic feature of the day-night environment can cause negative effects on daily activity and advanced brain functions such as learning, memory and decision-making behaviour. These functions in songbirds, including corvids, involve the hippocampus, pallium and midbrain, as revealed
• PMID 27478138

• Advanced interlocking systems to improve heavy-load-bearing characteristics of flexible intramedullary nailing.

• Berger L1, Eichler J2, Ryll EJ3, Fischerauer S4, Raschke MJ3, Kolbitsch A5, Castellani C6, Weinberg AM2.
• Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications.Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl.2016 Nov 1;68:358-65. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.05.122. Epub 2016 Jun 3.
• Flexible intramedullary nailing (FIN) is a minimally invasive and widespread standard method for osteosynthesis of pediatric long bone fractures. In the case of unstable fractures of the lower extremity, interlocking systems need to be used to prevent axial shortening and subsequent perforation of t
• PMID 27524031

Japanese Journal

• Cellular clocks in AVP neurons of the scn are critical for interneuronal coupling regulating circadian behavior rhythm

• Mieda Michihiro,Ono Daisuke,Hasegawa Emi,Okamoto Hitoshi,Honma Ken-ichi,Honma Sato,Sakurai Takeshi
• Neuron 85(5), 1103-1116, 2015-03-04
• … When exposed to an abrupt 8-hr advance of the light/dark cycle, these mice reentrained faster than control mice did. …
• NAID 120005593966

• Exploring the possibility of semiconducting BaSi

• Suemasu Takashi
• Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 54(7S2), 07JA01, 2015-03-03
• … After that, the photoresponse spectra are calculated for a BaSi<inf>2</inf>p⁺n abrupt homojunction diode based on the one-dimensional carrier continuity equation using previously reported experimental values. …
• NAID 150000110360

• Ultraslow Oscillation of Nematic Disclination after Abrupt Switching of DC Voltage

• Yanagimachi Takuya,Hishida Mafumi,Yamamura Yasuhisa [他]
• Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 84(3), 033601-1-4, 2015-03
• NAID 40020394781

• Exploiting Depth Information from Tracked Feature Points in Dense Reconstruction for Monocular Cameras

• Qirui Zhang,Takafumi Taketomi,Goshiro Yamamoto,Christian Sandor,Hirokazu Kato
• 研究報告コンピュータビジョンとイメージメディア（CVIM） 2015-CVIM-195(63), 1-4, 2015-01-15
• … In dense 3D reconstruction work for monocular simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM), to present coherence and prevent abrupt change in reconstructed surfaces, we normally model the contextual constraint of physical properties in a neighbourhood of space as a certain prior smoothness term concisely into the optimization process. …
• NAID 170000092599

Related Links

• abruptの意味・用例｜英辞郎 on the WEB：アルク

abrupt 【形】 突然の 険しい、切り立った ぶっきらぼうな、険悪な、無愛想な 〔... - アルクがお届けする進化するオンライン英和・和英辞書データベース。一般的な単語や連語から、イディオム、専門用語、スラングまで幅広く収録。

• Abrupt - definition of abrupt by The Free Dictionary

The boat moved on,--freighted with its weight of sorrow,--up the red, muddy, turbid current, through the abrupt tortuous windings of the Red river; and sad eyes gazed wearily on the steep red-clay banks, as they glided by in dreary ...

• abruptの意味 - goo辞書 英和和英

abruptとは。意味や和訳。[形容詞]1 急の，突然の，不意の.⇒SUDDEN【類語】an abrupt departure急の出発an abrupt death急死ask one or two abrupt questions出し抜けに一，二の質問をする.2 〈言葉・態度などが〉ぶっきらぼうな ...

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「心音」「radically」「sudden」「急激」「suddenly」
拡張検索	「abruptly」

「心音」

　　[★]

英

heart sound

関

過剰心音、心雑音、心拍数

心音

• I音
• II音

過剰心音

拡張期過剰心音 extra diastolic heart sound PHD.36

open snap

• 三尖弁や肺動脈弁が開く音。三尖弁領域や僧帽弁領域で聴取。高音。僧帽弁狭窄症、三尖弁狭窄症。呼吸で変動しにくい。
• 僧帽弁狭窄症：左胸骨縁～心尖。A2～P2～OSの順に聞こえる。吸気ではS1,,,A2, P2, OS、呼気ではS1,,,S2,OSと聴取される。病状が進行するほどS2～OSは狭くなる(左心房の圧上昇を反映)。

III音

• 子供：正常(生理的III音)
• 成人：うつ血心不全など起因する容量負荷。うっ血性心不全・MR・DCM

IV音

• 左房が固くなった左室に対して強力に収縮するときの音 PHD.37

pericardial knock

• まれ
• 高音
• 収縮性心膜炎
• 拡張期早期
• S2の後(S3やOSと混同しやすい。OSより若干遅めで、音が大きい。ventricular gallopよりタイミングは早い)
• 心室への血流充満が急激に止まる(abrupt cessation)ことにより生じる

収縮期過剰心音 extra systolic heart sound PHD.35

収縮期早期

• ejection click：大動脈弁や肺動脈弁が開く音。大動脈弁領域・肺動脈弁領域で聴取。高音。大動脈弁狭窄症、肺動脈弁狭窄症、大動脈の拡張、肺動脈の拡張。

• 大動脈弁狭窄症、肺動脈弁狭窄症：硬くなった弁が急に開くため？
• 大動脈の拡張、肺動脈の拡張　　：大動脈・肺動脈基部が急激に緊張するため？
• aortic ejection click  :心基部、心尖部聴取。呼吸変動無し
• pulmonic ejection click:心基部のみで聴取　。吸気で減弱

収縮期中期～末期

• 僧帽弁逸脱症：僧帽弁領域
• 三尖弁逸脱症：三尖弁領域

心音と過剰心音のまとめ QB.C-360

	音を発する構造	聴診部位	疾患
*I音	房室弁	心尖部	MS
*II音	肺動脈弁、大動脈弁	心基部	HT, PH
*III音	拡張早期に血液が心臓に充満する音		容量負荷(心不全)、生理的
*IV音	拡張後期に心房収縮により心室壁が振動する音		圧負荷(拡張不全)

呼吸性変動

• 吸気時：心拍数↑
• 呼気時：心拍数↓
• I音-II音の間隔の変化は小さい。

II音の分裂

• 吸気時：II音分裂　→　II音#呼吸性分裂 PHD.33-35
• 呼気時：

まとめ

	心拍数	II音分裂
吸気	↑	A2-P2
呼気	↓	S2

心音減弱

• 心タンポナーデ
• 胸水貯留

記載方法の例

• I音(→) II音(→) III音(-) IV音(-)

I音亢進減弱無し(=normal intensity) II音normal splitting

「radically」

　　[★]

• adv.

• 急激に、ラジカルに、根治的に、徹底的に

関

abrupt、abruptly、complete、completely、curable、drastic、drastically、exhaustive、exhaustively、in depth、perfect、perfectly、radical、sudden、suddenly、thorough、thoroughly

　 　

「sudden」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 急な、急激な、突然の、突発性の

関

abrupt、abruptly、cataplectic、episodic、radically、subitum、suddenly、tachy

　 　

「急激」

　　[★]

英

sudden、abrupt、suddenly、abruptly、radically

関

急、根治的、徹底的、突発性、ラジカル、突然、不意

「suddenly」

　　[★]

• adv.

• 急に、急激に、突然に

関

abrupt、abruptly、radically、sudden、tachy

　 　

「abruptly」

　　[★]

• adv.

• 突然、不意に
• ぶっきらぼうに、荒々しく、無愛想に

関

abrupt、radically、sudden、suddenly