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French bacteriologist born in Switzerland; was a student of Pasteur; discovered the plague bacillus (1863-1943) (同)Alexandre Yersin, Alexandre Emile Jean Yersin

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/07/30 09:45:23」(JST)

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Yersinia enterocolitica is a species of Gram-negative coccobacillus-shaped bacterium, belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae. Yersinia enterocolitica infection causes the disease yersiniosis, which is a zoonotic disease occurring in humans as well as a wide array of animals such as cattle, deer, pigs, and birds. Many of these animals recover from the disease and become asymptomatic carriers.^[1] It infects the host by sticking to the cells of the host using Trimeric Autotransporter Adhesins (TAA). At present, the genus Yersinia includes 11 established species: Y. pestis, Y. pseudotuberculosis, Y. enterocolitica, Y. frederiksenii, Y. intermedia, Y. kristensenii, Y. bercovieri, Y. mollaretii, Y. rohdei,Y. aldovae and Y. ruckeri. Among them only Y. pestis, Y. pseudotuberculosis and certain strains of Y. enterocolitica are of pathogenic importance for humans and certain warm-blooded animals, whereas the other species are of environmental origin and may, at best, act as opportunists. However, Yersinia strains can be isolated from clinical materials and therefore have to be identified at the species level. Y. enterocolitica is a heterogeneous group of strains, which are traditionally classified by biotyping into 6 biogroups on the basis of phenotypic characteristics, and by serotyping into more than 57 O serogroups, on the basis of their O (lipopolysaccharide or LPS) surface antigen. Five of the 6 biogroups (1B and 2–5) are regarded as pathogens. However, only a few of these serogroups have been associated with disease in either humans or animals. Strains that belong to serogroups O:3 (biogroup 4), O:5,27 (bio-groups 2 and 3), O:8 (biogroup 1B) and O:9 (biogroup 2) are most frequently isolated worldwide from human samples.5 However, the most important Y. enterocolitica serogroup in many European countries is serogroup O:3 followed by O:9, whereas the serogroup O:8 is mainly detected in the United States. Y. enterocolitica is widespread in nature, occurring in reservoirs ranging from the intestinal tracts of numerous mammals, avian species, cold-blooded species, and even from terrestrial and aquatic niches. Most environmental isolates are avirulent; however, isolates recovered from porcine sources contain human pathogenic serogroups. In addition, other studies have suggested that dogs, sheep, wild rodents and environmental water may also be a reservoir of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica strains. Human pathogenic strains are usually confined to the intestinal tract and lead to ^[2]enteritis/diarrhea.^[3]

Signs and symptoms

The portal of entry is the gastrointestinal tract. The organism is acquired usually by insufficiently cooked pork or contaminated water, meat or milk. Acute Y. enterocolitica infections usually lead to mild self-limiting entero-colitis or terminal ileitis and adenitis in humans. Symptoms may include watery or bloody diarrhea and fever, resembling appendicitis or salmonellosis or shigella infection. After oral uptake, yersiniae replicate in the terminal ileum and invade Peyer's patches. From here yersiniae can disseminate further to mesenteric lymph nodes causing lymphadenopathy. This condition can be confused with appendicitis and is therefore called pseudo-appendicitis. In immunosuppressed individuals, yersiniae can disseminate from the gut to liver and spleen and form abscesses. Because Yersinia is a siderophilic (iron-loving) bacteria, people with hereditary hemochromatosis (a disease resulting in high body iron levels) are more susceptible to infection with Yersinia (and other siderophilic bacteria). In fact, the most common contaminant of stored blood is Y. enterocolitica.^[4] See yersiniosis for further details.

Treatment

Yersiniosis is usually self-limiting and does not require treatment. For severe infections (sepsis, focal infection) especially if associated with immunosuppression the recommended regimen includes doxycycline in combination with an aminoglycoside. Other antibiotics that are active against Y. enterocolitica include trimethoprim-sulfamethoxasole, fluoroquinolones, ceftriaxone, and chloramphenicol. Y. enterocolitica is usually resistant to penicillin G, ampicillin, and cephalotin due to beta-lactamase production.^[5]

Prognosis

Y. enterocolitica infections are sometimes followed by chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis,^[6] erythema nodosum and Reiter's syndrome. This is most likely because of some immune mediated mechanism.^[7]

Y. enterocolitica seems to be associated with autoimmune Graves-Basedow thyroiditis.^[8] Whilst indirect evidence exists, direct causative evidence is limited,^[9] and Y. enterocolitica is probably not a major cause of this disease, but may contribute to the development of thyroid autoimmunity arising for other reasons in genetically susceptible individuals.^[10] It has also been suggested that Y. enterocolitica infection is not the cause of auto-immune thyroid disease, but rather is only an associated condition; with both having a shared inherited susceptibility.^[11] More recently the role for Y. enterocolitica has been disputed.^[12]

References

^ Collins FM (1996). Pasteurella, and Francisella. In: Barron's Medical Microbiology (Barron S et al., eds.) (4th ed.). Univ of Texas Medical Branch. ISBN 0-9631172-1-1. (via NCBI Bookshelf).
^ Yersinia enterocolitica: Pathogenesis, virulence and antimicrobial resistance
^ Yersinia enterocolitica: Pathogenesis, virulence and antimicrobial resistance
^ Goljan, Edward F. Rapid Review Pathology. Second Edition. Page 279, Table 15-1.
^ Bottone, Edward (April 1997). "Yersinia enterocolitica: the charisma continues". Clinical Microbiology Reviews (American Society for Microbiology) 10 (2): 257–276. PMC 172919. PMID 9105754.
^ Ryan KJ; Ray CG (editors) (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th ed.). McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-8385-8529-9.
^ J.S Hill Gaston, Arthritis associated with enteric infection. Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology 17, 219–39,2003
^ Benvenga S, Santarpia L, Trimarchi F, Guarneri F (2006). "Human Thyroid Autoantigens and Proteins of Yersinia and Borrelia Share Amino Acid Sequence Homology That Includes Binding Motifs to HLA-DR Molecules and T-Cell Receptor". Thyroid 16 (3): 225–236. doi:10.1089/thy.2006.16.225. PMID 16571084.
^ Tomer Y, Davies T (1993). "Infection, thyroid disease, and autoimmunity" (PDF). Endocr Rev 14 (1): 107–20. doi:10.1210/er.14.1.107. PMID 8491150.
^ Toivanen P, Toivanen A (1994). "Does Yersinia induce autoimmunity?". Int Arch Allergy Immunol 104 (2): 107–11. doi:10.1159/000236717. PMID 8199453.
^ Strieder T, Wenzel B, Prummel M, Tijssen J, Wiersinga W (2003). "Increased prevalence of antibodies to enteropathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica virulence proteins in relatives of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease". Clin Exp Immunol 132 (2): 278–82. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2249.2003.02139.x. PMC 1808711. PMID 12699417.
^ Hansen P, Wenzel B, Brix T, Hegedüs L (2006). "Yersinia enterocolitica infection does not confer an increased risk of thyroid antibodies: evidence from a Danish twin study". Clin Exp Immunol 146 (1): 32–8. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2006.03183.x. PMC 1809723. PMID 16968395.

External links

Wikispecies has information related to: Yersinia enterocolitica

Yersinia enterocolitica genomes and related information at PATRIC, a Bioinformatics Resource Center funded by NIAID

UpToDate Contents

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1. エルシニア感染症の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of yersinia infections
2. 腸炎エルシニアおよび偽結核菌感染症の治療および予防 treatment and prevention of yersinia enterocolitica and yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection
3. エルシニア症の疫学 epidemiology of yersiniosis
4. エルシニア感染の微生物学および病因 microbiology and pathogenesis of yersinia infections
5. 菊池病 kikuchis disease

English Journal

High prevalence of pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica in pig cheeks.

Laukkanen-Ninios R1, Fredriksson-Ahomaa M2, Maijala R2, Korkeala H2.
Food microbiology.Food Microbiol.2014 Oct;43:50-2. doi: 10.1016/j.fm.2014.04.016. Epub 2014 May 4.
Samples from pork cuts for minced meat and cheeks from processing plants and a slaughterhouse, and modified atmosphere (MA) packaged pork from retail were studied to estimate the prevalence of pathogenic, i.e. virulence plasmid bearing, Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in pork
PMID 24929882

Development of 23 individual TaqMan(®) real-time PCR assays for identifying common foodborne pathogens using a single set of amplification conditions.

Cremonesi P1, Pisani LF2, Lecchi C2, Ceciliani F2, Martino P2, Bonastre AS3, Karus A4, Balzaretti C5, Castiglioni B6.
Food microbiology.Food Microbiol.2014 Oct;43:35-40. doi: 10.1016/j.fm.2014.04.007. Epub 2014 Apr 26.
Most of the acute intestinal diseases are caused by foodborne pathogens with infants and elderly people being at major risk. The aim of this study was to develop a procedure to simultaneously detect 20 foodborne pathogens in complex alimentary matrices such as milk, cheese and meat. The list of targ
PMID 24929880

Yersinia enterocolitica infections associated with improperly pasteurized milk products: southwest Pennsylvania, March-August, 2011.

Longenberger AH1, Gronostaj MP1, Yee GY2, Johnson LM3, Lando JF2, Voorhees RE2, Waller K4, Weltman AC4, Moll M4, Lyss SB5, Cadwell BL5, Gladney LM6, Ostroff SM4.
Epidemiology and infection.Epidemiol Infect.2014 Aug;142(8):1640-50. doi: 10.1017/S0950268813002616. Epub 2013 Oct 16.
SUMMARY In July 2011, a cluster of Yersinia enterocolitica infections was detected in southwestern Pennsylvania, USA. We investigated the outbreak's source and scope in order to prevent further transmission. Twenty-two persons were diagnosed with yersiniosis; 16 of whom reported consuming pasteurize
PMID 24128938

Japanese Journal

Detection by using monoclonal antibodies of Yersinia enterocolitica in artificially-contaminated pork

Khamjing Wilsa,Khongchareonporn Nanthika,Rengpipat Sirirat
Microbiology and immunology 55(9), 605-615, 2011-09
NAID 40019010573

Erythema nodosum associated with Yersinia enterocolitica infection

YOTSU Rie,MII Sumiyuki,HAYASHI Rika,HARADA Harumi,FURUKAWA Keiichi,ETO Hikaru
Journal of dermatology 37(9), 819-822, 2010-09-01
NAID 10027067299

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「細菌」「腸内細菌科」「急性咽頭炎」「急性胃腸炎」「エルシニア属」

「細菌」

Yersinia enterocolitica
	Yersinia enterocolitica colonies growing on XLD agar plates
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Proteobacteria
Class:	Gamma Proteobacteria
Order:	Enterobacteriales
Family:	Enterobacteriaceae
Genus:	Yersinia
Species:	Y. enterocolitica
Binomial name
	Yersinia enterocolitica; (Schleifstein & Coleman 1939)

　　[★]

英: bacterium,(pl.) bacteria
同: バクテリア
関: 特殊な細菌、細菌の鑑別、細菌の同定？、細菌の分類？

細菌の命名

ラテン語であり、イタリックで表す。
「属名 + 種名」で表現される。

グラム染色性と形状による分類と疾患

形状

球菌

Staphylococcus aureus

多様

ナイセリア属

淋菌

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

淋病

ストレプトコッカス属

化膿性連鎖球菌

Streptococcus pyogenes

多様

莢膜

髄膜炎菌

Neisseria meningitidis

多様

肺炎球菌

Streptococcus pneumoniae

ベイヨネラ属

Veillonella

エンテロコッカス属

(総称)腸球菌

Enterococcus faecalis

モラクセラ属/
ブランハメラ亜属

Moraxella catarrhalis

肺炎

Enterococcus faecium

桿菌

Bacillus anthracis

好気性菌、有芽胞菌、莢膜

肺炎、尿路感染

Bacillus cereus

好気性菌、有芽胞菌

Escherichia coli

通性嫌気性

Clostridium tetani

嫌気性菌、有芽胞菌

下痢、肺炎、尿路感染

Clostridium botulinum

ボツリヌス中毒

プロテウス属

尿路感染

ウェルシュ菌

Clostridium perfringens

多様

サルモネラ属

パラチフス菌

Sallmonella serovar Paratyphi

腸チフス

通性嫌気性

ディフィシル菌

Clostridium difficile

多様

チフス菌

Sallmonella serovar Typhi

通性嫌気性

ガス壊疸菌群

セラチア属

Serratia

日和見感染

通性嫌気性

マイコバクテリウム科

マイコバクテリウム属

結核菌

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

無芽胞菌

Shigella

通性嫌気性

Mycobacterium leprae

Yersinia pestis

通性嫌気性

コリネバクテリウム科

コリネバクテリウム属

ジフテリア菌

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

ジフテリア

Yersinia enterocolitica

多様

通性嫌気性

Vibrio cholerae

通性嫌気性

アクチノマイセス科

アクチノマイセス属(放線菌属)

(総称)放線菌

Actinomyces

腸炎ビブリオ

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

腸炎ビブリオ感染症

通性嫌気性

リステリア属

Listeria monocytogenes

リステリア症

嫌気性菌、無芽胞菌、人獣共通感染症、通性細胞内寄生菌

パスツレラ科

ヘモフィルス属

インフルエンザ菌

Haemophilis influenzae

多様

パスツレラ属

パスツレラ属菌

Pasteurella multocida

人獣共通感染症

ストレプトバシラス属

ストレプトバシラス属菌

Streptobacillus moniliformis

鼠咬症

シュードモナス属

緑膿菌

Psudomonas aeruginosa

緑膿菌感染症

好気性、院内感染症

ボルデテラ属

百日咳菌

Bordetela pertussis

好気性、短桿菌

Brucella

好気性、細胞内増殖菌、短桿菌

Francisella tularensis

野兎病

好気性、球桿菌

レジオネラ属

Legionella pneumophila

ポンティアック熱/レジオネラ肺炎

好気性

バクテロイデス属

Bacteroides fragilis

嫌気性感染症

偏性嫌気性菌

らせん菌

スピロヘータ科

トレポネーマ属

梅毒トレポネーマ

Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum

梅毒

ボレリア属

回帰熱ボレリア

Borrelia recurrentis

回帰熱

ライム病ボレリア

Borrelia burgdorferi

Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae

黄疸出血性レプトスピラ症(レプトスピラ症、ワイル病、黄疸性ワイル病)

？

？

カンピロバクター属菌

？

Helicobacter pylori

「腸内細菌科」

　　[★]

英: Enterobacteriaceae
関: 細菌

代表的なもの８つを覚ておく！

エンテロバクター属 Enterobacter
エシェリキア属  Escherichia
クレブシエラ属 Klebsiella
プロテウス属 Proteus
サルモネラ属 Salmonella
セラチア属 Serratia
シゲラ属 Shigella
エルシニア属 Yersinia

腸内細菌科 (SMB.163)

属	菌種	日和見感染菌	感染症
Citrobacter	Citrobacter freundii		尿路感染、骨髄炎、下痢
Edwardsiella	Edwardsiella tarda	○	腸管外感染症
Enterobacter	Enterobacter aerogenes	○	肺炎、尿路感染
	Enterobacter cloacae
	Enterobacter gergoviae
	Enterobacter sakazakii		新生児敗血症、髄膜炎
Escherichia	Escherichia coli		下痢、腸炎、腸管外感染症(尿路感染症、骨髄炎)
Hafnia	Hafnia alvei		腸管外感染症
Klebsiella	Klebsiella oxytoca		下痢
Klebsiella	Klebsiella pneumoniae	○	肺炎、尿路感染
Kluyvera	Kluyvera ascorbata	○
Kluyvera	Kluyvera cryocrescens	○
Morganella	Morganella morganii		尿路感染症
Proteus	Proteus mirabilis	○	尿路感染症
Proteus	Proteus vulgaris	○	尿路感染症
Providencia	Providencia alcalifaciens		尿路感染症、下痢
	Providencia rettgeri		尿路感染症、下痢
	Providencia stuartii		尿路感染症
Salmonella	Salmonella enterica		腸チフス、急性胃腸炎(食中毒)
Serratia	Serratia liquefaciens	○
Serratia	Serratia marcescens	○
Shigella	Shigella boydii		細菌性赤痢
	Shigella dysenteriae
	Shigella flexneri
	Shigella sonnei
Yersinia	Yersinia enterocolitica		急性胃腸炎(食中毒)、回腸末端炎、結節性紅斑
	Yersinia pestis		ペスト
	Yersinia pseudotuberculosis		腸間膜リンパ節炎、関節炎

「急性咽頭炎」

　　[★]

英: acute pharyngitis
同: カタル性咽頭炎 catarrhal pharyngitis
関: 咽頭炎、急性扁桃炎

病因の鑑別

IRE.475改変

1. 非感染性

全身性エリテマトーデス
黄色ブドウ球菌毒素性ショック症候群
溶連菌毒素性ショック症候群
川崎病
天疱瘡
薬剤熱

2. 感染性

ウイルス

細菌

真菌

Candida

化膿性連鎖球菌 Streptococcus pyogenes A群β溶連菌による急性咽頭炎

治療

ペニシリン系抗菌薬：ペニシリンアレルギーがある場合には使えない。また病原体が不明であるときに投与すると、疾患が伝染単核球症の場合皮疹を生じさせてしまうので、これを否定できるまで投与しない。(IRE.999)
マクロライド系抗菌薬：クラリスロマイシンやアジスロマイシン。日本ではマクロライド耐性溶連菌が多いらしい。(IRE.999)

国試

105H037

「急性胃腸炎」

　　[★]

英: acute gastroenteritis
関: 感染性胃腸炎、viral gastroenteritis

下痢症である

感染性胃腸炎

上部消化管症状

嘔気、嘔吐

下部消化管症状

下痢

分類(SMB.604)

非炎症性

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli
Vibrio cholerae O1, *Vibrio cholerae O139
NAG vibrio
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Bacillus cereus
Clostridium perfringens
Rotavirus
Norovirus
Sapovirus
Astrovirus

炎症性

Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli
Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli
Shigella
Salmonella
Yersinia enterocolitica
Campylobacter jejuni
Campylobacter coli
Entamoeba histolytica

「エルシニア属」

　　[★]

英: Yersinia
同: パイフェル桿菌 Pfeiffer bacillus、エルシニア、エルシニア菌
関: 細菌、腸内細菌科

腸内細菌科

エルシニア属

Yersinia pestis
Yersinia enterocolitica

[Barron-1] Collins FM (1996). Pasteurella, and Francisella. In: Barron's Medical Microbiology (Barron S et al., eds.) (4th ed.). Univ of Texas Medical Branch. ISBN 0-9631172-1-1. (via NCBI Bookshelf).

[2] Yersinia enterocolitica: Pathogenesis, virulence and antimicrobial resistance

[3] Yersinia enterocolitica: Pathogenesis, virulence and antimicrobial resistance

[4] Goljan, Edward F. Rapid Review Pathology. Second Edition. Page 279, Table 15-1.

[5] Bottone, Edward (April 1997). "Yersinia enterocolitica: the charisma continues". Clinical Microbiology Reviews (American Society for Microbiology) 10 (2): 257–276. PMC 172919. PMID 9105754.

[Sherris-6] Ryan KJ; Ray CG (editors) (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th ed.). McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-8385-8529-9.

[7] J.S Hill Gaston, Arthritis associated with enteric infection. Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology 17, 219–39,2003

[Benvenga_2006-8] Benvenga S, Santarpia L, Trimarchi F, Guarneri F (2006). "Human Thyroid Autoantigens and Proteins of Yersinia and Borrelia Share Amino Acid Sequence Homology That Includes Binding Motifs to HLA-DR Molecules and T-Cell Receptor". Thyroid 16 (3): 225–236. doi:10.1089/thy.2006.16.225. PMID 16571084.

[EndocrReview1993-9] Tomer Y, Davies T (1993). "Infection, thyroid disease, and autoimmunity" (PDF). Endocr Rev 14 (1): 107–20. doi:10.1210/er.14.1.107. PMID 8491150.

[10] Toivanen P, Toivanen A (1994). "Does Yersinia induce autoimmunity?". Int Arch Allergy Immunol 104 (2): 107–11. doi:10.1159/000236717. PMID 8199453.

[11] Strieder T, Wenzel B, Prummel M, Tijssen J, Wiersinga W (2003). "Increased prevalence of antibodies to enteropathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica virulence proteins in relatives of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease". Clin Exp Immunol 132 (2): 278–82. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2249.2003.02139.x. PMC 1808711. PMID 12699417.

[12] Hansen P, Wenzel B, Brix T, Hegedüs L (2006). "Yersinia enterocolitica infection does not confer an increased risk of thyroid antibodies: evidence from a Danish twin study". Clin Exp Immunol 146 (1): 32–8. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2006.03183.x. PMC 1809723. PMID 16968395.

匿名

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案内

案内

Yersinia enterocolitica

WordNet

Wikipedia preview

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Contents

Signs and symptoms

Treatment

Prognosis

References

External links

UpToDate Contents

English Journal

Japanese Journal

Related Links

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

「細菌」

細菌の命名

グラム染色性と形状による分類と疾患

「腸内細菌科」

腸内細菌科 (SMB.163)

「急性咽頭炎」

病因の鑑別

化膿性連鎖球菌 Streptococcus pyogenes A群β溶連菌による急性咽頭炎

治療

国試

「急性胃腸炎」

感染性胃腸炎

分類(SMB.604)

非炎症性

炎症性

「エルシニア属」

エルシニア属

Yersinia enterocolitica

Yersinia enterocolitica colonies growing on XLD agar plates
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Proteobacteria
Class:	Gamma Proteobacteria
Order:	Enterobacteriales
Family:	Enterobacteriaceae
Genus:	Yersinia
Species:	Y. enterocolitica
Binomial name
*Yersinia enterocolitica* (Schleifstein & Coleman 1939)