ベルチシリウム属、Verticillium属
WordNet
- genus of imperfect fungi having conidia borne singly at the apex of whorled branchlets; cause wilt diseases
- a fungus of the genus Verticillium
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2014/01/29 22:29:15」(JST)
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Verticillium |
|
Verticillium theobromae culture |
Scientific classification |
Kingdom: |
Fungi |
Phylum: |
Ascomycota
(Anamorphic Hypocreales) |
Class: |
Incertae sedis |
Family: |
Plectosphaerellaceae |
Genus: |
Verticillium
Nees |
Type species |
Verticillium tenerum
Nees |
Species |
See text
|
Verticillium is a genus of fungi in the division Ascomycota, and are an anamorphic form of the Plectosphaerellaceae family. The genus used to include diverse groups comprising saprobes and parasites of higher plants, insects, nematodes, mollusc eggs and other fungi thus it can be seen that the genus used to have a wide ranging group of taxa characterised by simple but ill-defined characters. The genus, currently thought to contain 51 species,[1] may be broadly divided into three ecologically based groups 1) mycopathogens 2) entomopathogens (Zare and Gams, 2001) and 3) plant pathogens and related saprotrophs (Barbara and Clewes, 2003). However, recently the genus has undergone some revision into which most entomopathogenic and mycopathogenic isolates fall into a new group called Lecanicillium. The genus now includes the plant pathogenic species V. dahliae, V. longisporum, V. albo-atrum, V. nubilum, and V. tricorpus.
The better-known species of Verticillium are V. dahliae, V. albo-atrum and V. longisporum, which cause wilt diseases called Verticillium wilts in more than 400 eudicot plant species.
Contents
- 1 Selected species
- 2 References
- 3 External links
Selected species[edit]
Verticillium dahliae infecting sunflower
- Verticillium dahliae Kleb.
Verticillium conidiophores
- Verticillium albo-atrum Reinke & Berthold - Causes Verticillium Wilt or Maple Wilt. First identified from potatoes in Germany in 1870, this species attacks over 300 different cultivated plants and can persist as a saprotrophic soil organism for more than 15 years. When infecting ornamental trees like maples, elms, aspen, ash, beech, catalpa, oak and others, the first symptoms are midsummer wilting on one side of a tree or branch. The sapwood has greenish or brownish streaks, and the infection can take a few years to progress to the rest of the tree or move rapidly. The fungi universally move up the xylem vessels. In fruit trees the infection is known as 'Black Heart' and is common in apricots and sometimes affects almond, peach, plum and avocado trees. This fungus also affects herbaceous ornamentals and vegetables like Chrysanthemum, mints, Lychnis, tomatoes, eggplants, okra, and rhubarb, causing wilting and death. Identification can be made by looking for one-celled conidia, hyaline round to ellipsoid which are formed at the tips of whorled branches. They are easily separated from the tips.
- Nematode pathogens, previously in Verticillium, have now been placed in the new genus Pochonia.
- All insect pathogens have been placed in the new genus Lecanicillium.[2] An approved name of Verticillium lecanii (Zimmerman) Viegas is now Lecanicillium lecanii although isolates may belong to: L. attenuatum, L. longisporum, L. muscarium or L. nodulosum.
References[edit]
- ^ Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA. (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi. 10th ed. Wallingford: CABI. p. 724. ISBN 0-85199-826-7.
- ^ R. Zare & W. Gams Nova Hedwigia 71: 329-337, 2001
- Barbara, D.J. & Clewes, E. (2003). "Plant pathogenic Verticillium species: how many of them are there?" Molecular Plant Pathology 4(4).297-305. Blackwell Publishing.
- Phillips, D. H. & Burdekin, D. A. (1992). Diseases of Forest and Ornamental Trees. Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-49493-8.
- Zare, R. and Gams, W. (2001). A revision of Verticillium sect. Prostrata. III. Generic classification. Nova Hedwigia. 72. 329-337.
External links[edit]
- Fact sheet from Ohio State University Extension on verticillium and fusarium
English Journal
- Genetic Transformation of Cotton with a Harpin-Encoding Gene hpaXoo Confers an Enhanced Defense Response Against Verticillium dahliae Kleb.
- Miao W, Wang J.SourceCollege of Environment and Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, People's Republic of China, weiguomiao1105@yahoo.com.cn.
- Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.).Methods Mol Biol.2013;958:223-46. doi: 10.1007/978-1-62703-212-4_19.
- The soil-borne fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae Kleb causes Verticillium wilt in a wide range of crops including cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). To date, most upland cotton varieties are susceptible to V. dahliae and the breeding for cotton varieties with the resistance to Verticillium wilt has not
- PMID 23143497
- Fungal Mitochondrial DNases: Effectors with the Potential to Activate Plant Defenses in Nonhost Resistance.
- Hadwiger LA, Polashock J.AbstractABSTRACT Previous reports on the model nonhost resistance interaction between Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli and pea endocarp tissue have described the disease resistance-signaling role of a fungal DNase1-like protein. The response resulted in no further growth beyond spore germination. This F. solani f. sp. phaseoli DNase gene, constructed with a pathogenesis-related (PR) gene promoter, when transferred to tobacco, generated resistance against Pseudomonas syringe pv. tabaci. The current analytical/theoretical article proposes similar roles for the additional nuclear and mitochondrial nucleases, the coding regions for which are identified in newly available fungal genome sequences. The amino acid sequence homologies within functional domains are conserved within a wide array of fungi. The potato pathogen Verticillium dahliae nuclease was divergent from that of the saprophyte, yeast; however, the purified DNase from yeast also elicited nonhost defense responses in pea, including pisatin accumulation, PR gene induction, and resistance against a true pea pathogen. The yeast mitochondrial DNase gene (open reading frame) predictably codes for a signal peptide providing the mechanism for secretion. Mitochondrial DNase genes appear to provide an unlimited source of components for developing transgenic resistance in all transformable plants.
- Phytopathology.Phytopathology.2013 Jan;103(1):81-90. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-04-12-0085-R.
- ABSTRACT Previous reports on the model nonhost resistance interaction between Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli and pea endocarp tissue have described the disease resistance-signaling role of a fungal DNase1-like protein. The response resulted in no further growth beyond spore germination. This F. s
- PMID 23228145
- Incidence and Impact of Verticillium dahliae in Soil Associated with Certified Potato Seed Lots.
- Dung JK, Hamm PB, Eggers JE, Johnson DA.AbstractABSTRACT Verticillium dahliae causes Verticillium wilt of potato and can be found in soil associated with potato seed tubers. The purpose of this research was to quantify V. dahliae in soil associated with certified seed tubers and determine if this potential inoculum source is related to disease development in the field. Approximately 68% of seed lots assayed contained V. dahliae-infested soil on seed tuber surfaces (seed tuber soil). Over 82% of seed lots contained V. dahliae in loose seed lot soil obtained from bags and trucks used to transport seed tubers. Most samples contained ≤50 CFU/g but some contained >500 CFU/g. Most isolates (93%) were vegetative compatibility group 4A. Populations of V. dahliae in stem sap increased with increasing inoculum densities in field soils only when V. dahliae concentrations in seed tuber soil were low. High concentrations of V. dahliae in seed tuber soil resulted in greater stem sap colonization when V. dahliae inoculum densities in field soil were low (P < 0.01) and resulted in greater pathogen inoculum densities in postharvest field soils (P = 0.04). Seed tubers contaminated with V. dahliae-infested soils may introduce the pathogen into fields not previously cropped to potato or recontaminate those which have received preplant management practices. Long-term management of V. dahliae requires reducing propagules in soil associated with seed lots.
- Phytopathology.Phytopathology.2013 Jan;103(1):55-63. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-04-12-0073-R.
- ABSTRACT Verticillium dahliae causes Verticillium wilt of potato and can be found in soil associated with potato seed tubers. The purpose of this research was to quantify V. dahliae in soil associated with certified seed tubers and determine if this potential inoculum source is related to disease
- PMID 22992111
Japanese Journal
- シンポジウム 植物病原糸状菌の寄生性分化 : 半身萎凋病菌の病原性系統とレース
- 圃場におけるハクサイ黄化病発生程度とPCR-DGGE法に基づく土壌微生物相の関係
- 特別講演 群馬県におけるバーティシリウム病の発生生態と防除
- 白石 俊昌
- 関東東山病害虫研究会報 = Annual report of the Kanto-Tosan Plant Protection Society 61, 1-5, 2014-12
- NAID 40020303279
Related Links
- Verticillium 属菌 不完全菌類 の Verticillium (バーティシリウム)属には、植物に病原性を示すいくつかの種が含まれます。その中でも特に病原性が強い種は V. dahliae 、 V. longisporum 、 V. albo-atrum ですが、 V. longisporum による ...
- Verticillium Wilt on Trees, Verticillium sp, Pratti lo verticillium endu tegulu (Verticillium Wilt in Cotton), Cómo deshacerse de Verticillium Wilt, Botanicals for Verticillium Wilt of Potato - Pankaj Oudhia's TAgri.K Documentation 1990 ...
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