WordNet

having partial rights and privileges or subordinate status; "an associate member"; "an associate professor"
a person who joins with others in some activity or endeavor; "he had to consult his associate before continuing"
a person with subordinate membership in a society, institution, or commercial enterprise; "associates in the law firm bill at a lower rate than do partners"
any event that usually accompanies or is closely connected with another; "first was the lightning and then its thunderous associate"
make a logical or causal connection; "I cannot connect these two pieces of evidence in my mind"; "colligate these facts"; "I cannot relate these events at all" (同)tie_in, relate, link, colligate, link up, connect
be a contributing factor; "make things factor into a companys profitability"
any of the numbers (or symbols) that form a product when multiplied together
an independent variable in statistics
anything that contributes causally to a result; "a number of factors determined the outcome"
consider as relevant when making a decision; "You must factor in the recent developments" (同)factor in, factor out
resolve into factors; "a quantum computer can factor the number 15" (同)factor in, factor out
the 20th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)t
a cellular structure that is postulated to exist in order to mediate between a chemical agent that acts on nervous tissue and the physiological response

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈人〉'を'(…の)『仲間に加える』,(…に)連合させる《+『名』〈人〉+『with』+『名』》 / (…と)…'を'結びつけて考える(起こす)《+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / (…と)『仲間になる』,交際する《+『with』+『名』》 / (…と)合体する,提携する《+『with』+『名』》 / 『仲間』,『同僚』;組合員 / 準会員 / 付属物;連想されるもの / 連合した;仲間の,同僚の / 補助の,準…
(…の)『要因』,(…を生み出す)要素《+『in』+『名』(do『ing』)》 / 囲数,約数 / 代理人,《おもに英》仲買人 / =factorize
tritiumの化学記号
=sense organ / 受信装置

UpToDate Contents

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1. 腫瘍壊死因子受容体-1関連周期性発熱症候群（TRAPS） tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 associated periodic syndrome traps
2. 複合免疫不全 combined immunodeficiencies
3. アミロイド疾患の遺伝的要因 genetic factors in the amyloid diseases
4. ホジキンリンパ腫におけるエプスタイン・バール・ウイルス the role of epstein barr virus in hodgkin lymphoma
5. 関節リウマチにおけるHLAおよびその他の感受性遺伝子 hla and other susceptibility genes in rheumatoid arthritis

English Journal

CCL2 Shapes Macrophage Polarization by GM-CSF and M-CSF: Identification of CCL2/CCR2-Dependent Gene Expression Profile.

Sierra-Filardi E1, Nieto C, Domínguez-Soto A, Barroso R, Sánchez-Mateos P, Puig-Kroger A, López-Bravo M, Joven J, Ardavín C, Rodríguez-Fernández JL, Sánchez-Torres C, Mellado M, Corbí AL.Author information 1Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid 28040, Spain;AbstractThe CCL2 chemokine mediates monocyte egress from bone marrow and recruitment into inflamed tissues through interaction with the CCR2 chemokine receptor, and its expression is upregulated by proinflammatory cytokines. Analysis of the gene expression profile in GM-CSF- and M-CSF-polarized macrophages revealed that a high CCL2 expression characterizes macrophages generated under the influence of M-CSF, whereas CCR2 is expressed only by GM-CSF-polarized macrophages. Analysis of the factors responsible for this differential expression identified activin A as a critical factor controlling the expression of the CCL2/CCR2 pair in macrophages, as activin A increased CCR2 expression but inhibited the acquisition of CCL2 expression by M-CSF-polarized macrophages. CCL2 and CCR2 were found to determine the extent of macrophage polarization because CCL2 enhances the LPS-induced production of IL-10, whereas CCL2 blockade leads to enhanced expression of M1 polarization-associated genes and cytokines, and diminished expression of M2-associated markers in human macrophages. Along the same line, Ccr2-deficient bone marrow-derived murine macrophages displayed an M1-skewed polarization profile at the transcriptomic level and exhibited a significantly higher expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) in response to LPS. Therefore, the CCL2-CCR2 axis regulates macrophage polarization by influencing the expression of functionally relevant and polarization-associated genes and downmodulating proinflammatory cytokine production.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950).J Immunol.2014 Apr 15;192(8):3858-67. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302821. Epub 2014 Mar 17.
The CCL2 chemokine mediates monocyte egress from bone marrow and recruitment into inflamed tissues through interaction with the CCR2 chemokine receptor, and its expression is upregulated by proinflammatory cytokines. Analysis of the gene expression profile in GM-CSF- and M-CSF-polarized macrophages
PMID 24639350

Systemic inflammation and brachial artery endothelial function in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).

Weiner SD1, Ahmed HN, Jin Z, Cushman M, Herrington DM, Nelson JC, Di Tullio MR, Homma S.Collaborators (1)Saad MF.
Heart (British Cardiac Society).Heart.2014 Apr 8. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2013-304893. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Inflammation and endothelial dysfunction have been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic vascular disease. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) is a reliable, non-invasive method of assessing endothelial function. We hypothesised that increased levels of
PMID 24714919