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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/12/06 04:31:12」(JST)

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Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances - TBARS - are formed as a byproduct of lipid peroxidation (i.e. as degradation products of fats) which can be detected by the TBARS assay using thiobarbituric acid as a reagent.

Because reactive oxygen species (ROS) have extremely short half-lives, they are difficult to measure directly. Instead, what can be measured are several products of the damage produced by oxidative stress, such as TBARS.^[1]

Assay of TBARS measures malondialdehyde (MDA) present in the sample, as well as malondialdehyde generated from lipid hydroperoxides by the hydrolytic conditions of the reaction.^[2] MDA is one of several low-molecular-weight end products formed via the decomposition of certain primary and secondary lipid peroxidation products. However, only certain lipid peroxidation products generate MDA, and MDA is neither the sole end product of fatty peroxide formation and decomposition, nor a substance generated exclusively through lipid peroxidation. These and other considerations from the extensive literature on MDA, TBA reactivity, and oxidative lipid degradation support the conclusion that MDA determination and the TBA test can offer, at best, a narrow and somewhat empirical window on the complex process of lipid peroxidation. Use of MDA analysis and/or the TBA test and interpretation of sample MDA content and TBA test response in studies of lipid peroxidation require caution, discretion, and (especially in biological systems) correlative data from other indices of fatty peroxide formation and decomposition.^[3]

Another method of determining oxidative stress is to measure the disappearance of antioxidants, such as alpha-tocopherol, from the blood. Because the majority of plasma tocopherols are found in plasma lipids, which have been shown to decrease in the critically ill, any measure of plasma tocopherols in the critically ill population should be indexed to total cholesterol.^[4]

References

^ Pryor, William (1991). "The antioxidant nutrients and disease prevention— what, do we know and what, do we need to find out?" (PDF). Am J Clin Nulr 53 (1 Suppl): 391S–393S. PMID 1985418.
^ "Correlates of Markers of Oxidative Status in the General Population". Am. J. Epidemiol. 2001. doi:10.1093/aje/154.4.348.
^ Janero (1990). "Malondialdehyde and thiobarbituric acid-reactivity as diagnostic indices of lipid peroxidation and peroxidative tissue injury". Free Radic Biol Med 9 (6): 515–40. doi:10.1016/0891-5849(90)90131-2. PMID 2079232.
^ Oldham; Bowen (1998). "Oxidative stress in critical care: is antioxidant supplementation beneficial?" (PDF). J Am Diet Assoc 98 (9): 1001–8. doi:10.1016/S0002-8223(98)00230-2. PMID 9739800.

English Journal

Fatty acid composition and oxidative stability of breast meat from broiler chickens supplemented with Moringa oleifera leaf meal over a period of refrigeration.

Nkukwana TT, Muchenje V, Masika PJ, Hoffman LC, Dzama K, Descalzo AM.SourceDepartment of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare, P. Bag X1314, Alice, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
Food chemistry.Food Chem.2014 Jan 1;142:255-61. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.07.059. Epub 2013 Jul 20.
Effects of diets supplemented with or without Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) on fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of broiler breast meat during refrigerated storage was determined. Dietary treatments (T) were as follows: T1, positive control, 668g/ton Salinomycin and 500g/ton Al
PMID 24001839

Oxidative processes during enzymatic hydrolysis of cod protein and their influence on antioxidant and immunomodulating ability.

Halldorsdottir SM, Sveinsdottir H, Freysdottir J, Kristinsson HG.SourceMatis ohf., Vinlandsleid 12, 113 Reykjavík, Iceland; Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Eiriksgata 29, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland. Electronic address: sigrun.m.halldorsdottir@matis.is.
Food chemistry.Food Chem.2014 Jan 1;142:201-9. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.07.053. Epub 2013 Jul 19.
Fish protein hydrolysates (FPH) have many desirable properties, however heating and shifts in pH can cause oxidation during enzymatic hydrolysis. The objective was to investigate oxidative processes during enzymatic hydrolysis of fish protein and the impact of oxidation on the antioxidant and immuno
PMID 24001832

Impact of trolox, quercetin, genistein and gallic acid on the oxidative damage to myofibrillar proteins: The carbonylation pathway.

Utrera M, Estévez M.SourceFood Technology, Department of Animal Production and Food Science, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain. Electronic address: mariana@unex.es.
Food chemistry.Food Chem.2013 Dec 15;141(4):4000-9. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.06.107. Epub 2013 Jul 4.
The carbonylation pathway involves the oxidative deamination of lysine residues to yield a carbonyl compound (α-aminoadipic semialdehyde) that can be further oxidised to α-aminoadipic acid and form Schiff bases structures. The effect of trolox and other phenolic compounds (PhC) (namely genistein,
PMID 23993577

Japanese Journal

Novel monoclonal antibody recognizing triglyceride-rich oxidized LDLs associated with severe liver disease and small oxidized LDLs in normal subjects

Sakurai Toshihiro,Ichikawa Ayako,Furukawa Hiroyuki,Wada Norio,Nagasaka Atsushi,Takahashi Yuji,Fujikawa Masato,Ikuta Akiko,Furumaki Hiroaki,Shiga Maiko,Shimizu Chikara,Hui Shu-Ping,Jin Shigeki,Takeda Seiji,Fuda Hirotoshi,Nagasaka Hironori,Kobayashi Seiichi,Chiba Hitoshi
Annals of Clinical Biochemistry 49(5), 456-462, 2012-09
… The results were compared to those of the two commercial ELISAs for oxidized LDL using DLH or ML25, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and the optical absorbance for the conjugated dienes generated in lipid peroxides. …
NAID 120004979561