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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/11/14 09:50:47」(JST)
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Not to be confused with Atlantic purple sea urchin.
| Strongylocentrotus purpuratus |
|
| Scientific classification |
| Kingdom: |
Animalia |
| Phylum: |
Echinodermata |
| Class: |
Echinoidea |
| Subclass: |
Euechinoidea |
| Superorder: |
Echinacea |
| Order: |
Echinoida |
| Family: |
Strongylocentrotidae |
| Genus: |
Strongylocentrotus |
| Species: |
S. purpuratus |
| Binomial name |
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
(Stimpson, 1857) |
|
| Strongylocentrotus purpuratus range |
Oral surface of
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus showing teeth of Aristotle's Lantern, spines and tube feet.
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
The purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, lives along the eastern edge of the Pacific Ocean extending from Ensenada, Mexico to British Columbia, Canada.[1] This sea urchin species is deep purple in color and lives in lower intertidal and nearshore subtidal communities.
It normally grows to a diameter of about 4 inches and may live as long as 70 years.[2]
Contents
- 1 Role in biomedical research
- 2 Ecology and economics
- 3 See also
- 4 References
- 5 External links
Role in biomedical research
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus is one of several biomedical research models in cell and developmental biology.[3] The sea urchin is the first animal with a sequenced genome that (1) is a free-living, motile marine invertebrate; (2) has a bilaterally organized embryo but a radial adult body plan; (3) has the endoskeleton and water vascular system found only in echinoderms; and (4) has a nonadaptive immune system that is unique in the enormous complexity of its receptor repertoire.[4]
Its genome was completely sequenced and annotated in 2006.[4] The sea urchin genome is estimated to encode about 23,300 genes. Many of these genes were previously thought to be vertebrate innovations or were only known from groups outside the deuterostomes.
Thus the sea urchin genome provides a comparison to our own and those of other deuterostomes, the larger group to which both echinoderms and humans belong.[4] Using the strictest measure, the purple sea urchin and humans share 7,700 genes.[5] Many of these genes are involved in sensing the environment,[6] a fact surprising for an animal lacking a head structure.
Ecology and economics
The purple sea urchin, along with sea otters and abalones, is a prominent member of the kelp forest community.[7] Sea urchins have been used for food by the indigenous peoples of California. They ate the yellow egg mass raw.[8][9]
Close up of
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus clearly showing tube feet.
See also
- Arbacia punctulata, the Atlantic purple sea urchin
References
- ^ Ricketts EF, Calvin J. Between Pacific Tides. 3rd Rev. edn. 1962 by J.W. Hedgpeth. XII 516. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA. 1939
- ^ T.A. Ebert, J. R. Southon, 2003. Fish. Bull. 101, 915
- ^ SU White Paper
- ^ a b c Sodergren, E.; Sodergren, G. M.; Weinstock, E. H.; Davidson, R. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Gibbs, R. C.; Angerer, L. M.; Angerer, M. I.; Arnone, D. R.; Burgess, R. D.; Burke, J. A.; Coffman, M.; Dean, M. R.; Elphick, C. A.; Ettensohn, K. R.; Foltz, A.; Hamdoun, R. O.; Hynes, W. H.; Klein, W.; Marzluff, D. R.; McClay, R. L.; Morris, A.; Mushegian, J. P.; Rast, L. C.; Smith, M. C.; Thorndyke, V. D.; Vacquier, G. M.; Wessel, G.; Wray, L.; Zhang, C. G. (2006). "The Genome of the Sea Urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus". Science 314 (5801): 941–952. doi:10.1126/science.1133609. PMC 3159423. PMID 17095691. edit
- ^ Materna, S.C., K. Berney, and R.A. Cameron. 2006a. The S. purpuratus genome: A comparative perspective. Dev. Biol. 300: 485-495.
- ^ Burke, R.D., L.M. Angerer, M.R. Elphick, G.W. Humphrey, S. Yaguchi, T. Kiyama, S. Liang, X. Mu, C. Agca, W.H. Klein, B.P. Brandhorst, M. Rowe, K. Wilson, A.M. Churcher, J.S. Taylor, N. Chen, G. Murray, D. Wang, D. Mellott, R. Olinski, F. Hallböök, M.C. Thorndyke. 2006. A genomic view of the sea urchin nervous system. Dev. Biol. 300: 434-460.
- ^ Pearse, J. S. 2006. The ecological role of purple sea urchins. Science 314: 940-941.
- ^ D. Sweetnam et al., Calif. Coop. Oceanic Fish. Invest. Rep. 46: 10 (2005).
- ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=jpvrxVA0PGYC&pg=PA91&dq=%22Strongylocentrotus+purpuratus%22+native&hl=en&sa=X&ei=-446UbD_L6mH0QH9p4GYBg&ved=0CE4Q6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=%22Strongylocentrotus%20purpuratus%22%20native&f=false
External links
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. |
|
Wikispecies has information related to: Strongylocentrotus purpuratus |
- Strongylocentrotus purpuratus information
- Sea Urchin Genome Project
- The Strongylocentrotus purpuratus genome at the UCSC Genome Browser
English Journal
- Molecular characterization and expression profile of MAP2K1ip1/MP1 gene from tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon.
- Yang L, Liu X, Huang J, Yang Q, Qiu L, Liu W, Jiang S.SourceThe South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, People's Republic of China.
- Molecular biology reports.Mol Biol Rep.2012 May;39(5):5811-8. Epub 2011 Dec 31.
- MAPK kinase 1 interacting protein 1 (MAP2K1ip1) is an important scaffold proteins of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway that form an active signaling module and enhance the specificity and spatiality of MAPK signaling. In the present study, we identified and characterized a MAP2K1ip
- PMID 22209950
- Genome-wide polymorphisms show unexpected targets of natural selection.
- Pespeni MH, Garfield DA, Manier MK, Palumbi SR.SourceDepartment of Biology, Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Oceanview Boulevard, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA. mpespeni@stanford.edu
- Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society.Proc Biol Sci.2012 Apr 7;279(1732):1412-20. Epub 2011 Oct 12.
- Natural selection can act on all the expressed genes of an individual, leaving signatures of genetic differentiation or diversity at many loci across the genome. New power to assay these genome-wide effects of selection comes from associating multi-locus patterns of polymorphism with gene expression
- PMID 21993504
Japanese Journal
- Rho-kinase in sea urchin eggs and embryos
- AGUIRRE-ARMENTA Beatriz,LOPEZ-GODINEZ Juana,MARTINEZ-CADENA Guadalupe,GARCIA-SOTO Jesus
- Development, growth & differentiation 53(5), 704-714, 2011-06-01
- NAID 10029006302
- The Hox8 of the hemichordate Balanoglossus misakiensis
- Urata Makoto,Tsuchimoto Jun,Yasui Kinya,Yamaguchi Masaaki
- Development Genes and Evolution 219(7), 377-382, 2009
- … misakiensis gene was suggested to be Hox8 from paralog-characteristic residues in its hexapepetide motif and homeodomain and a comparison with Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Hox genes. …
- NAID 120001643238
Related Links
- Geographic Range Purple sea urchins are found on the pacific coastline from Alaska to Cedros Island, Mexico. (Olhausen and Russo, 1981) Biogeographic Regions pacific ocean native Habitat Strongylocentrotus purpuratus is ...
- Purple Sea Urchin. It is interesting that the tube feet have to extend farther than the spines for this animal to move. ... Hairygit1965 40 months ago | reply Your UnderWater shot looks great! We can admire your picture on:
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