日
関

WordNet

spherical Gram-positive bacteria occurring in pairs or chains; cause e.g. scarlet fever and tonsillitis (同)streptococci, strep

PrepTutorEJDIC

連鎖球菌

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/07/14 08:28:53」(JST)

wiki en

Streptococcus sobrinus is a Gram-positive, catalase-negative, non-motile, and anaerobic member of the genus Streptococcus.^[1]

Pathology

S. sobrinus in conjunction with the closely related species Streptococcus mutans are pathogenic within humans and enhances the formation of caries within teeth. Biofilm from the mixture of sugar and plaque create a suitable environment for S. sobrinus to grow. S. sobrinus is more closely connected than S. mutans with the prevalence of caries. S. sobrinus is also affiliated with early childhood caries, which are responsible for the majority of dental abscesses and toothaches in children. Children generally acquire S. sobrinus strains from their mother, but the relatively high consumption of sugars by minors facilitates bacterial growth and threatens the onset of early childhood tooth decay. S. sobrinus has also been documented within the teeth of rats.

History

S. sobrinus was discovered by the French biologist Louis Pasteur in 1887 along with other human pathogens. The full genome of S. sobrinus has been sequenced, and the related species S. mutans has also been fully sequenced.

Symbiosis

Extracellular long-chained glucans synthesized from sucrose via glucosyltransferase enzymes help accumulate S. sobrinus on tooth enamel surfaces. The glucans provide a shelter for bacterial colonization, and the protected environment creates the perfect nesting ground for S. sobrinus and other microorganisms to sustain a stable community in the form of dental plaque. S. sobrinus in turn releases lactic acid in the anaerobic metabolism of glucose. Lactic acid demineralizes tooth enamel and fosters the initiation of dental caries. S. sobrinus has an optimal growth temperature of 37°C and thrives in a slightly acidic environment at a pH of 6.3. This makes the human mouth a suitable habitat due to its acidic characteristics, favorable body temperature, and significant amount of food sugars passing through the mouth on a daily basis. However, these traits also indicate that S. sobrinus has a difficult time surviving outside the host of the human teeth.

Antibacterials

In 1995 a paper by Meurman et al. tested Lactobacillus rhamnosus for inhibitory properties, although this relationship was only observed with a weak correlation at a pH below 5. Lectin from Talisia esculenta and Labramin from Labramia bojeri seeds were found to inhibit the adherence of S. sobrinus to tooth enamel, but had no effect the growth of the population itself. A study by Sun et al. in 2009 tested a vaccine for S. sobrinus, and initial tests have been successful in providing protection.

References

^ Wu H, Fan M, Zhou X, et al (2003). "Detection of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus on the permanent first molars of the Mosuo people in China". Caries Res. 37 (5): 374–80. doi:10.1159/000072171. PMID 12925830.

This bacteria-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. A群レンサ球菌：病原性因子および発症機序 group a streptococcus virulence factors and pathogenic mechanisms
2. 妊娠していない成人におけるB群レンサ球菌感染症 group b streptococcal infections in nonpregnant adults
3. 成人におけるA群レンサ球菌（Streptococcus pyogenes）
性菌血症 group a streptococcal streptococcus pyogenes bacteremia in adults
4. 小児におけるA群レンサ球菌（化膿連鎖球菌）性菌血症 group a streptococcal streptococcus pyogenes bacteremia in children
5. 妊娠中の女性におけるB群レンサ球菌感染症 group b streptococcal infection in pregnant women

English Journal

Enantiomeric HPLC resolution and absolute stereochemistry assignment of a new poligamain derivative.

Pistolozzi M, Royo V, Pereira AC, Silva ML, Silva R, Cunha WR, Vaconcelos K, Cass QB, Martins CH, Bastos JK, Varchi G, Guerrini A, Bertucci C.SourceDipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis.J Pharm Biomed Anal.2013 Mar 5;75:118-22. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.11.012. Epub 2012 Nov 21.
A new aryltetralin lignan derivative, 1, was obtained by reacting dimethyl succinate and piperonal, furnishing the lactone 4-(3',4'-methylenedioxybenzyl)-4,5-dihydro-2(3H)-furanone, which was reacted once again with piperonal and LDA to give the dibenzylbutirolactone 7-hydroxyhinokinin. The cyclizat
PMID 23312389

Recovery of mutans streptococci on MSB, SB-20 and SB-20M agar media.

Saravia ME, Nelson-Filho P, Silva RA, De Rossi A, Faria G, Silva LA, Emilson CG.SourceDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National University of Tucumán, T4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina; Department of Pediatric Clinic, Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n Monte Alegre, 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Archives of oral biology.Arch Oral Biol.2013 Mar;58(3):311-6. doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2012.10.010. Epub 2012 Nov 10.
OBJECTIVE: The recovery of mutans streptococci in saliva and dental biofilm samples depends, in part, on the culture medium used. In this study, we compared (i) the culture media Sucrose-Bacitracin agar (SB-20), Modified SB-20 (SB-20M) and Mitis Salivarius Bacitracin agar (MSB) in the count of colon
PMID 23149153

Japanese Journal

Distribution and Characterization of Serotype k Streptococcus mutans

Yamamoto Taku,Takada Kazuko
International Journal of Oral-Medical Sciences 10(2), 89-95, 2011
… Streptococcus mutans, consisting of serotypes c, e and f is an oral aciduric organism associated with the initiation and progression of dental caries. … mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus against total streptococci was approximately 1-0.1%. … sobrinus in 12.7%. … sobrinus were detected at equal percentages and those usually coexisted with S. …
NAID 130001088325

T Helper Cytokine Responses Induced by Nasal Immunization with Glucosyltransferase-I of Streptococcus sobrinus

Watanabe Keita,Hashizume Tomomi,Kurita-Ochiai Tomoko,Akimoto Yoshiaki,Yamamoto Masafumi
International Journal of Oral-Medical Sciences 9(3), 227-233, 2011
… Our previous study showed that nasal immunization with glucosyltransferase-I (GTF-I) produced by Streptococcus sobrinus elicits serum IgG, serum IgA, and salivary IgA antibody responses that provide protection against dental caries caused by S. … sobrinus infection. …
NAID 130000652914

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「緑色連鎖球菌」「ストレプトコッカス・ソブリナス」
関連記事	「sobrinus」

「緑色連鎖球菌」

Streptococcus sobrinus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Firmicutes
Class:	Bacilli
Order:	Lactobacillales
Family:	Streptococcaceae
Genus:	Streptococcus
Species:	S. sobrinus