WordNet

the type genus of the family Spirochaetaceae; a bacterium that is flexible, undulating, and chiefly aquatic (同)genus Spirochaeta
parasitic or free-living bacteria; many pathogenic to humans and other animals (同)spirochaete
higher bacteria; slender spiral rodlike forms (同)order Spirochaetales
large coarsely spiral bacteria; free-living in fresh or salt water or commensal in bodies of oysters (同)family Spirochaetaceae

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スピロヘータ,らせん状菌(梅毒・回帰熱などの病原菌)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/19 00:47:49」(JST)

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Spirochaeta is a genus of bacteria classified within the phylum Spirochaetes.^[1] ^[2]

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) ^[3] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)^[4] and the phylogeny is based on 16S rRNA-based LTP release 111 by The All-Species Living Tree Project ^[5]

?S. plicatilis ♦ Ehrenberg 1835 (type sp.)

?S. taiwanensis ♠ Chi-Yu & Cai-Ji 2004

?S. xylanolyticus ♠ Yeh & Huang 2004

S. cellobiosiphila Breznak and Warnecke 2008

S. litoralis (ex Hespell and Canale-Parola 1970) Canale-Parola 1980

	S. isovalerica Harwood and Canale-Parola 1983

	S. perfilievii Dubinina et al. 2011

S. aurantia

	?S. a. aurantia (Canale-Parola 1980) Canale-Parola 1984

	?S. a. stricta Canale-Parola 1984

Borrelia Swellengrebel 1907

	S. bajacaliforniensis Fracek and Stolz 2004

	S. smaragdinae Magot et al. 1998

S. thermophila Aksenova et al. 1992

Sphaerochaeta

S. coccoides (Dröge et al. 2006) Abt et al. 2012

	S. globosa Ritalahti et al. 2012 (type sp.)

	S. pleomorpha Ritalahti et al. 2012

S. halophila Greenberg and Canale-Parola 1977

	S. alkalica Zhilina et al. 1996

	S. americana Hoover et al. 2003

S. africana Zhilina et al. 1996

	S. asiatica Zhilina et al. 1996

	S. dissipatitropha Pikuta et al. 2009

Treponema [incl. Spirochaeta caldaria, Spirochaeta stenostrepta and Spirochaeta zuelzerae]

Notes:
♦ Type strain lost or not available
♠ Strains found at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) but not listed in the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LSPN)

References

^ See the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature. Data extracted from J.P. Euzéby. "Spirochaetes". Retrieved 2011-11-17.
^ See the NCBI webpage on Spirochaetes Data extracted from Sayers et al. "NCBI Taxonomy Browser". National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved 2011-06-05.
^ J.P. Euzéby. "Spirochaeta". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) [1]. Retrieved 2013-03-20.
^ Sayers et al. "Spirochaeta". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database [2]. Retrieved 2013-03-20.
^ All-Species Living Tree Project."16S rRNA-based LTP release 111 (full tree)" (PDF). Silva Comprehensive Ribosomal RNA Database [3]. Retrieved 2013-03-20.

This Spirochaetae-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

English Journal

Mining of hemicellulose and lignin degrading genes from differentially enriched methane producing microbial community.

Pandit PD1, Gulhane MK2, Khardenavis AA2, Purohit HJ3.
Bioresource technology.Bioresour Technol.2016 Sep;216:923-30. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.06.021. Epub 2016 Jun 7.
Study creates a scenario for enrichment and selection of ligno-hemicellulose degrading genotypes with anaerobic bioreactor as a model using rice straw, vegetable waste and food waste as substrates. Relative discrimination analysis showed that the hydrolytic pathways and associated microbial communit
PMID 27323244

Structural basis for cellulose binding by the type A carbohydrate-binding module 64 of Spirochaeta thermophila.

Schiefner A1, Angelov A2, Liebl W2, Skerra A1.
Proteins.Proteins.2016 Jun;84(6):855-8. doi: 10.1002/prot.25010. Epub 2016 Mar 9.
Spirochaeta thermophila secretes seven glycoside hydrolases for plant biomass degradation that carry a carbohydrate-binding module 64 (CBM64) appended at the C-terminus. CBM64 adsorbs to various β1-4-linked pyranose substrates and shows high affinity for cellulose. We present the first crystal stru
PMID 26868291

Cecal microbiota of Tibetan Chickens from five geographic regions were determined by 16S rRNA sequencing.

Zhou X1, Jiang X2, Yang C2, Ma B1, Lei C1, Xu C1, Zhang A1, Yang X1, Xiong Q1, Zhang P1, Men S1, Xiang R1, Wang H1.
MicrobiologyOpen.Microbiologyopen.2016 May 2. doi: 10.1002/mbo3.367. [Epub ahead of print]
Tibetan Chickens should have unique gastrointestinal microbiota because of their particular habitats. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the cecal microbiota of Tibetan Chickens from five typical high-altitude regions of China. Lohmann egg-laying hens (LMs) and Daheng broiler chickens (D
PMID 27139888

Japanese Journal

Bacterial Communities Responsible for the Decomposition of Rice Straw Compost in a Japanese Rice Paddy Field Estimated by DGGE Analysis of Amplified 16S rDNA and 16S rRNA Fragments (Soil Biology)

Tanahashi Takanori,Murase Jun,Matsuya Kazuo [他],Hayashi Motoki,Kimura Makoto,Asakawa Susumu
Soil science and plant nutrition 51(3), 351-360, 2005-06
… Characteristic "active" bacteria among them were as follows: Clostridium, Acinetobacter (γ-Proteobacteria) and β-Proteobacteria before mid-season drainage, Flavobacterium, Chondromyces, Chlorflexi and δ-Proteobacteria after mid-season drainage, and Spirochaeta and myxobacteria throughout the period. …
NAID 110004704751

Bacterial Communities Associated with Nodal Roots of Rice Plants along with the Growth Stages : Estimation by PCR-DGGE and Sequence Analyses (Soil Biology)

Ikenaga Makoto,Asakawa Susumu,Muraoka Yoshitetsu [他],Kimura Makoto
Soil science and plant nutrition 49(4), 591-602, 2003-08
… The habitat around older rice roots at every sampling date was more reductive than that around younger rice roots, and the DGGE bands related to Spirochaeta spp. …
NAID 110001717789

若年性歯周炎患者に対する塩酸ミノサイクリン軟膏局所投与の効果について

末田武,小野智則,瀬戸口尚志,中馬雅彦,神田千恵子,谷口拓郎,田島みゆき,原田英子,柴立教子,和泉雄一
日本歯周病学会会誌 35(1), 219-228, 1993-03-27
… スケーリングと塩酸ミノサイクリン軟膏局所投与併用部位では,処置後総菌数の減少がみられ,Spirochaeta, Black-pigmented Bacteroides, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitansはいずれも検出されず,スケーリング単独あるいは塩酸ミノサイクリン軟膏局所投与単独に比べ効果的であった。 …
NAID 110004725939

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「スピロヘータ」「spirochete」「スピロヘータ属」「spirochetal」
拡張検索	「Spirochaetales infection」「Spirochaetales」「Spirochaeta属」

「スピロヘータ」

Spirochaeta
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Spirochaetes
Class:	Spirochaetes Cavalier-Smith 2002
Order:	Spirochaetales Buchanan 1917
Family:	Spirochaetaceae Swellengrebel 1907
Genus:	Spirochaeta Ehrenberg 1835 emend. Pikuta et al. 2009
Species
	Spirochaeta africana Zhilina et al. 1996; Spirochaeta alkalica Zhilina et al. 1996; Spirochaeta americana Hoover et al. 2003; Spirochaeta asiatica Zhilina et al. 1996; Spirochaeta aurantia (ex Vinzent 1926) Canale-Parola 1980; Spirochaeta bajacaliforniensis Fracek and Stolz 2004; Spirochaeta caldaria Pohlschroeder et al. 1995; Spirochaeta cellobiosiphila Breznak and Warnecke 2008; Spirochaeta dissipatitropha Pikuta et al. 2009; Spirochaeta halophila Greenberg and Canale-Parola 1977; Spirochaeta isovalerica Harwood and Canale-Parola 1983; Spirochaeta litoralis (ex Hespell and Canale-Parola 1970) Canale-Parola 1980; Spirochaeta perfilievii Dubinina et al. 2011; Spirochaeta plicatilis ♦ Ehrenberg 1835; Spirochaeta smaragdinae Magot et al. 1998; Spirochaeta stenostrepta Zuelzer 1912; Spirochaeta taiwanensis ♠ Chi-Yu & Cai-Ji 2004; Spirochaeta thermophila Aksenova et al. 1992; Spirochaeta xylanolyticus ♠ Yeh & Huang 2004; Spirochaeta zuelzerae (ex Veldkamp 1960) Canale-Parola 1980;

　　[★]

英: spirochete
ラ: Spirochaetales, Spirochaeta
関: スピロヘータ科、スピロヘータ目、スピロヘータ属、Spirochaeta属

らせん状の形態を呈する一群。スピロヘータ目に含まれるものを指すと思われるが、医学の教科書ではスピリルム属もスピロヘータとして扱っている。

分類			病原体		感染症	感染経路
スピロヘータ目	スピロヘータ科	トレポネーマ属	梅毒トレポネーマ	Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum	梅毒	性行為、経胎盤
		ボレリア属	回帰熱ボレリア	Borrelia recurrentis	回帰熱	ダニ、シラミ
		ボレリア属	ライム病ボレリア	Borrelia burgdorferi	ライム病	マダニ
	レプトスピラ科	レプトスピラ属	黄疸出血性レプトスピラ	Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae	黄疸出血性レプトスピラ症 (レプトスピラ症、ワイル病、黄疸性ワイル病)	ネズミの尿
		スピリルム属	鼠咬症スピリルム	Spirillum minus	鼠咬症	ネズミの咬傷