Oleaceae

Oleaceae
	Olive (Olea europaea)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Asterids
Order:	Lamiales
Family:	Oleaceae; Hoffmanns. & Link
Tribes
	Fontanesieae; Forsythieae; Jasmineae; Myxopyreae; Oleeae
Synonyms
	Bolivariaceae Griseb.; Forstiereae (Forstieraceae) Endl.; Fraxineae (Fraxinaceae) S.F. Gray; Iasmineae (Iasminaceae) Link; Jasmineae (Jasminaceae) Juss.; Lilacaceae Ventenat; Nyctantheae (Nyctanthaceae) J.G. Agardh; Syringaceae Horan.

モクセイ科
	ヒイラギ (Osmanthus heterophyllus)
分類（APG III）
学名
	Oleaceae; Hoffmgg. & Link
属
	本文参照;

モクセイ科　

WordNet

trees and shrubs having berries or drupes or capsules as fruits; sometimes placed in the order Oleales: olive; ash; jasmine; privet; lilac (同)family Oleaceae, olive family

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/05/30 23:21:11」(JST)

wiki ja

[Wiki ja表示]

キンモクセイ

ヒイラギモクセイ

モクセイ科（モクセイか、Oleaceae）は、双子葉植物に属する科。木本で、つる性のものもある。花弁は合着して4裂（一部5－8裂）の合弁花冠を形成する。花は芳香を放つもの（モクセイ、ジャスミン、ライラックなど）が多く園芸や香料に利用される。またオリーブは食用としてよく利用される。

分類

約25属600種が属する^[1]。

Fontanesieae

Fontanesia philliraeoides 1種のみ。コバタゴなど2亜種が認められている。

レンギョウ連 Forsythieae

2属。

レンギョウ属 Forsythia - レンギョウなど11種。ユーラシア。
ウチワノキ属 Abeliophyllum - ウチワノキ1種のみ。朝鮮半島固有。

Myxopyreae

東南アジアに3属7種が産する。

Myxopyrum - 4種
Dimetra - 1種
ヨルソケイ属 Nyctanthes - 2種

ソケイ連 Jasmineae

果実は二裂する。ソケイ属 Jasminum 1属に200種以上が属し、一般的にはジャスミンとして知られる。ソケイ・オウバイ・オウバイモドキなど。

オリーブ連 Oleeae

染色体数n =23、真正木繊維を持つ、フラボン配糖体の存在など多くの派生形質を持つ、よくまとまった単系統群である。

Ligustrinae

ユーラシア産。2属に約65種が属する。

ハシドイ属 Syringa - ムラサキハシドイ（ライラック）など20種。
イボタノキ属 Ligustrum - イボタノキ・ネズミモチ・トウネズミモチなど45種。

Schreberinae

Schrebera - 4種。アフリカ・インドの熱帯域。
Comoranthus - 3種。マダガスカル・コモロ。

Fraxininae

トネリコ属 Fraxinus のみ。トネリコ・アオダモ・ヤチダモ・シオジなど約50種が属する。果実は翼果。

Oleinae

果実は核果。

ヒトツバタゴ属 Chionanthus - ヒトツバタゴなど約100種。
Forestiera - 15種。
Haenianthus - 3種。西インド諸島。
Hesperalea - Hesperalea palmeri 1種のみ。グアダルーペ島固有種だったが、ヤギによる食害で絶滅した^[2]。
Noronhia - 41種。マダガスカル。
オリーブ属 Olea - オリーブなど40種以上。
Priogymnanthus - 2種。南米。
Nestegis - 5種。ハワイ・ニュージーランド。
Notelaea - 12種。オーストラリア・タスマニア。
モクセイ属 Osmanthus
- ギンモクセイ（銀木犀：Osmanthus fragrans；中国名：銀桂）：花色は白。
- キンモクセイ（金木犀：Osmanthus fragrans var. aurantiacus；中国名：丹桂） : 花色は金橙色。
- ウスギモクセイ（Osmanthus fragrans var. thunbergii；中国名：金桂） : 花色は薄黄色。九州に野生。
- リュウキュウモクセイ（中国名：月桂)
- ヒイラギモクセイ（柊木犀：Osmanthus × fortunei）: 葉の形が柊に似ている。銀木犀と柊の雑種であるとされている。
- ヒイラギ（柊：Osmanthus heterophyllus）
Philyrea - 2種。地中海沿岸。
Picconia - 1種。マカロネシア。

脚注

^ Wallander E, Albert VA. (2000). “Phylogeny and classification of Oleaceae based on rps16 and trnL-F sequence data”. Am J Bot. 87 (12): 1827-41.
^ José Luis León de la Luz, Jon P. Rebman, Thomas Oberbauer (2003). “On the urgency of conservation on Guadalupe Island, Mexico: is it a lost paradise?”. Biodiversity & Conservation 12 (5): 1073-1082.

外部リンク

Oleaceae in "Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 7, May 2006 [and more or less continuously updated since].

ポータル植物

プロジェクト植物

この項目は、植物に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めています（プロジェクト:植物／Portal:植物）。

Oleaceae /oʊliːˈeɪsiː/ is a family containing 24 extant genera and around 600 species of mesophytic shrubs, trees and occasionally vines. As shrubs, members of this family may be twining climbers, or scramblers.

Overview

The oleaceae are a botanical family that includes evergreen and deciduous species with the Olive tree and its relatives. They are divided in several tribes, Fontanesieae, Forsythieae, Jasmineae, Myxopyreae, and Oleeae.^[2] The family has a worldwide distribution in tropical, subtropical and temperate climates. The higher biodiversity is in Southeast Asia and Australia, the number of species is also important in China, Africa and North America. The seed dispersal is due to wind or animals. The animals are mostly birds in species with the fruit a berry. The wind disperse species with samaras.

Estimates of the taxonomy of oleaceae suggest some 29 genera worldwide, including over 600 species, possibly 900.^[3] The Oleaceae are important components of tropical forests ranging from low-lying dry forest to montane Cloud forest.

Because the family is ancient and was widely distributed long time ago, modern species commonly are present in forests of various types occurring on all continents, except Antarctica, and on many associated major islands. Some genera are relict populations isolated by geographical barriers, for instance on islands or tropical mountains. Relict forests retain endemic fauna and flora in communities of great value in inferring the palaeontological succession and climate change that followed the breakups of the supercontinents.

Picconia for example, is an endemic Laurel forest genus to the Macaronesia. It is threatened by habitat loss.^[4] Several relict species are endangered in areas as Mascarene Islands and others.

Description

Leaves

The family is characterized by opposite leaves that may be simple or compound (either pinnate or ternate), without stipule. Alternate or whorled arrangements are rarely observed, with some Jasminum species presenting spiral configuration. The laminas are pinnately-veined and can be serrate, dentate or entire at margin. Domatia are observed in certain taxa. The leaves may be either deciduous or evergreen, with evergreen species predominating in warm temperate and tropical regions, and deciduous species predominating in colder regions.

Flower

The flowers are most often bisexual and actinomorphic, occurring in racemes or panicles, and often fragrant. The calyx, which may or may not be present, and the corolla are gamosepalous and four-lobed. The androecium has 2 stamens inserted in the perigynous zone and alternate with the lobes. The stigmas are two-lobed.

The gynoecium consists of a compound pistil with two carpels. The ovary is superior with two locules, each of which bearing two axillary ovules. Sometimes the base of the ovary is circled by a nectary disk. The plants are most often hermaphrodite but sometimes polygamomonoecious.

Fruit

Oleaceae fruit can be berries, drupes, capsules or samaras.

Uses

Many members of the family are economically significant. The olive (Olea europaea) is important for its fruit and the oil extracted from it, the ashes (Fraxinus) are valued for tough wood, and forsythia, lilacs, jasmines, osmanthuses, privets, and fringetrees are valued as ornamental plants in gardens and landscaping.

Genera

Genera currently accepted (April 2014):^[5]

Abeliophyllum – White Forsythia
Chionanthus – fringetree
Comoranthus
Dimetra
Fontanesia
Forestiera – swamp-privet
Forsythia – forsythia
Fraxinus – ash
Haenianthus
Hesperelaea †
Jasminum – jasmine
Ligustrum – privet
Menodora
Myxopyrum
Nestegis
Noronhia
Notelaea
Nyctanthes
Olea – olive
Osmanthus – osmanthus
Phillyrea – mock-privet
Picconia
Priogymnanthus
Schrebera
Syringa – lilac

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Oleaceae.

References

^ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III" (PDF). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161 (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x. Retrieved 2013-06-26.
^ ^a ^b "Oleaceae Hoffmanns. & Link, nom. cons.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2003-01-17. Retrieved 2009-04-10.
^ http://es.scribd.com/doc/47516426/9/OLEACEAE
^ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1998). Picconia azorica
^ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families

English Journal

Lactic acid bacteria from fermented table olives.

Hurtado A, Reguant C, Bordons A, Rozès N.SourceDepartament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades N4, c/ Marcel.lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain.
Food microbiology.Food Microbiol.2012 Aug;31(1):1-8. Epub 2012 Feb 2.
Table olives are one of the main fermented vegetables in the world. Olives can be processed as treated or natural. Both have to be fermented but treated green olives have to undergo an alkaline treatment before they are placed in brine to start their fermentation. It has been generally established
PMID 22475936

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of β-sitosterol isolated from Nyctanthes arbortristis leaves.

Nirmal SA, Pal SC, Mandal SC, Patil AN.SourceDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Pravara Rural College of Pharmacy, Pravaranagar, Maharashtra, India, nirmalsunil@rediffmail.com.
Inflammopharmacology.Inflammopharmacology.2012 Aug;20(4):219-24. Epub 2011 Dec 30.
Nyctanthes arbortristis Linn. (Oleaceae) is one of the well-known Indian medicinal plant. Various extracts of leaves of the plant were screened for analgesic activity by hot plate test and acetic acid-induced writhings and anti-inflammatory activity by carrageenan-induced hind paw edema method at th
PMID 22207496

Japanese Journal

新産地報告ナタオレノキ(モクセイ科)を徳島県津島から記録する

分類 : 日本植物分類学会誌 15(2), 199-202, 2015-08
NAID 40020626558

Sesquiterpenoids and Lignans from the Roots of Syringa pinnatifolia

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 62(10), 1009-1012, 2014
NAID 130004693774

Identification and Characterization of Human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases Responsible for the Glucuronidation of Fraxetin

Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics 29(2), 135-140, 2014
NAID 130004463367

Related Pictures

[1] Wallander E, Albert VA. (2000). “Phylogeny and classification of Oleaceae based on rps16 and trnL-F sequence data”. Am J Bot. 87 (12): 1827-41.

[2] José Luis León de la Luz, Jon P. Rebman, Thomas Oberbauer (2003). “On the urgency of conservation on Guadalupe Island, Mexico: is it a lost paradise?”. Biodiversity & Conservation 12 (5): 1073-1082.

[APGIII2009-1] Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III" (PDF). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161 (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x. Retrieved 2013-06-26.

[ars-grin.gov-2] "Oleaceae Hoffmanns. & Link, nom. cons.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2003-01-17. Retrieved 2009-04-10.

[3] ttp://es.scribd.com/doc/47516426/9/OLEACEAE

[iucn-4] World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1998). Picconia azorica

[5] Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families

匿名

検索

案内

案内