オクロバクテリウム、クロバクテリウム属、Ochrobactrum属
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2016/07/14 21:32:23」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Crabtreella |
Scientific classification |
Kingdom: |
Bacteria |
Phylum: |
Proteobacteria |
Class: |
Alpha Proteobacteria |
Order: |
Rhizobiales |
Family: |
Brucellaceae |
Genus: |
Ochrobactrum
Holmes et al. 1988[1] |
Type species |
Ochrobactrum anthropi[1]
|
Species |
see text
|
Ochrobactrum is a bacterial genus that belongs to Brucellaceae in the Rhizobiales. The genus has been described by Holmes in 1988 and Ochrobactrum anthropi was proposed as the type species of the genus. Further work led to the recognition of 16 other species, for a total of 18:
- Ochrobactrum anthropi
- Ochrobactrum ciceri
- Ochrobactrum cytisi
- Ochrobactrum daejeonense
- Ochrobactrum gallinifaecis
- Ochrobactrum grignonense
- Ochrobactrum guangzhouense
- Ochrobactrum haematophilum
- Ochrobactrum intermedium
- Ochrobactrum lupini
- Ochrobactrum oryzae
- Ochrobactrum pecoris
- Ochrobactrum pituitosum
- Ochrobactrum pseudintermedium
- Ochrobactrum pseudogrignonense
- Ochrobactrum rhizosphaerae
- Ochrobactrum thiophenivorans
- Ochrobactrum tritici
The Ochrobactrum strains are all Gram-negative short rods, straight or slightly curved with one end flame shaped. The cells are approximately 0.6-1.2 to 2 μm in length. They are non-spore forming, strictly aerobic and non-fermentative.
The genomes of most Ochrobactrum species is complex with two independent circular chromosomes often associated to plasmids.
References
- Holmes, B. et al., Ochrobactrum anthropi gen. nov., sp. nov. from human clinical specimens and previously known as Group Vd. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 38, 408, 1988.
- Teyssier C. and Jumas-Bilak E. Ochrobactrum. in molecular detection of bacterial pathogens. Edited by Dongyou Liu. Taylor's and Fancis. 2010
UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
English Journal
- Comparative phylogenomics and evolution of the brucellae reveal a path to virulence.
- Wattam AR1, Foster JT, Mane SP, Beckstrom-Sternberg SM, Beckstrom-Sternberg JM, Dickerman AW, Keim P, Pearson T, Shukla M, Ward DV, Williams KP, Sobral BW, Tsolis RM, Whatmore AM, O'Callaghan D.Author information 1Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.AbstractBrucella species include important zoonotic pathogens that have a substantial impact on both agriculture and human health throughout the world. Brucellae are thought of as "stealth pathogens" that escape recognition by the host innate immune response, modulate the acquired immune response, and evade intracellular destruction. We analyzed the genome sequences of members of the family Brucellaceae to assess its evolutionary history from likely free-living soil-based progenitors into highly successful intracellular pathogens. Phylogenetic analysis split the genus into two groups: recently identified and early-dividing "atypical" strains and a highly conserved "classical" core clade containing the major pathogenic species. Lateral gene transfer events brought unique genomic regions into Brucella that differentiated them from Ochrobactrum and allowed the stepwise acquisition of virulence factors that include a type IV secretion system, a perosamine-based O antigen, and systems for sequestering metal ions that are absent in progenitors. Subsequent radiation within the core Brucella resulted in lineages that appear to have evolved within their preferred mammalian hosts, restricting their virulence to become stealth pathogens capable of causing long-term chronic infections.
- Journal of bacteriology.J Bacteriol.2014 Mar;196(5):920-30. doi: 10.1128/JB.01091-13. Epub 2013 Dec 13.
- Brucella species include important zoonotic pathogens that have a substantial impact on both agriculture and human health throughout the world. Brucellae are thought of as "stealth pathogens" that escape recognition by the host innate immune response, modulate the acquired immune response, and evade
- PMID 24336939
- Utilization of palm oil decanter cake as a novel substrate for biosurfactant production from a new and promising strain of Ochrobactrum anthropi 2/3.
- Noparat P1, Maneerat S, Saimmai A.Author information 1Faculty of Science and Technology, Suratthani Rajabhat University, Suratthani, 84100, Thailand.AbstractA biosurfactant-producing bacterium, isolate 2/3, was isolated from mangrove sediment in the south of Thailand. It was evaluated as a potential biosurfactant producer. The highest biosurfactant production (4.52 g/l) was obtained when the cells were grown on a minimal salt medium containing 25 % (v/v) palm oil decanter cake and 1 % (w/v) commercial monosodium glutamate as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. After microbial cultivation at 30 °C in an optimized medium for 96 h, the biosurfactant produced was found to reduce the surface tension of pure water to 25.0 mN/m with critical micelle concentrations of 8.0 mg/l. The stability of the biosurfactant at different salinities, pH and temperature and also its emulsifying activity was investigated. It is an effective surfactant at very low concentrations over a wide range of temperatures, pH and salt concentrations. The biosurfactant obtained was confirmed as a glycolipid type biosurfactant by using a biochemical test, fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, MNR and mass spectrometry. The crude biosurfactant showed a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and also had the ability to emulsify oil and enhance polyaromatic hydrocarbons solubility.
- World journal of microbiology & biotechnology.World J Microbiol Biotechnol.2014 Mar;30(3):865-77. doi: 10.1007/s11274-013-1493-z. Epub 2013 Oct 1.
- A biosurfactant-producing bacterium, isolate 2/3, was isolated from mangrove sediment in the south of Thailand. It was evaluated as a potential biosurfactant producer. The highest biosurfactant production (4.52 g/l) was obtained when the cells were grown on a minimal salt medium containing 25 % (v
- PMID 24081911
- Secretory antibodies in breast milk promote long-term intestinal homeostasis by regulating the gut microbiota and host gene expression.
- Rogier EW1, Frantz AL, Bruno ME, Wedlund L, Cohen DA, Stromberg AJ, Kaetzel CS.Author information 1Departments of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics and Statistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536.AbstractMaintenance of intestinal homeostasis requires a healthy relationship between the commensal gut microbiota and the host immune system. Breast milk supplies the first source of antigen-specific immune protection in the gastrointestinal tract of suckling mammals, in the form of secretory IgA (SIgA). SIgA is transported across glandular and mucosal epithelial cells into external secretions by the polymeric Ig receptor (pIgR). Here, a breeding scheme with polymeric Ig receptor-sufficient and -deficient mice was used to study the effects of breast milk-derived SIgA on development of the gut microbiota and host intestinal immunity. Early exposure to maternal SIgA prevented the translocation of aerobic bacteria from the neonatal gut into draining lymph nodes, including the opportunistic pathogen Ochrobactrum anthropi. By the age of weaning, mice that received maternal SIgA in breast milk had a significantly different gut microbiota from mice that did not receive SIgA, and these differences were magnified when the mice reached adulthood. Early exposure to SIgA in breast milk resulted in a pattern of intestinal epithelial cell gene expression in adult mice that differed from that of mice that were not exposed to passive SIgA, including genes associated with intestinal inflammatory diseases in humans. Maternal SIgA was also found to ameliorate colonic damage caused by the epithelial-disrupting agent dextran sulfate sodium. These findings reveal unique mechanisms through which SIgA in breast milk may promote lifelong intestinal homeostasis, and provide additional evidence for the benefits of breastfeeding.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.2014 Feb 25;111(8):3074-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1315792111. Epub 2014 Feb 3.
- Maintenance of intestinal homeostasis requires a healthy relationship between the commensal gut microbiota and the host immune system. Breast milk supplies the first source of antigen-specific immune protection in the gastrointestinal tract of suckling mammals, in the form of secretory IgA (SIgA). S
- PMID 24569806
Japanese Journal
- Biliary sepsis caused by Ochrobactrum anthropi
- Wi Yu Mi,Peck Kyong Ran
- Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 63(6), 444-446, 2010-11
- NAID 40017386098
- 血清検査においてブルセラ病と診断された輸入牛から分離された Ochrobactrum intermedium の同定事例
- 山本 和明,田村 孝,岡村 行岳,椛本 綾子,森脇 俊英,衛藤 真理子
- 日本獣医師会雑誌 = Journal of the Japan Veterinary Medical Association 63(8), 615-619, 2010-08-20
- NAID 10026611567
Related Links
- Genus Ochrobactrum Warning: In the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature, an arrow (→) only indicates the sequence of valid publication of names and does not mean that the last name in the sequence must be ...
- Genome of Ochrobactrum anthropi ATCC 49288T a Versatile Opportunistic Pathogen and Symbiont od Several Eukaryotic Hosts. Journal of Bacteriology 2011. doi: 10.1128/ JB.05335-11 2. Adrian Kettaneh, Francois-Xavior Weill ...
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- ラ
- Ochrobactrum
- 関
- オクロバクテリウム属、Ochrobactrum属
[★]
- ラ
- Ochrobactrum
- 関
- Ochrobactrum属、オクロバクテリウム
[★]
- ラ
- Ochrobactrum
- 関
- オクロバクテリウム属、オクロバクテリウム
[★]
オクロバクテリウム・アンスロピ