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1. 産婦人科における超音波検査ultrasound examination in obstetrics and gynecology [show details]
… normal and abnormal examinations. In the United States, ultrasound examinations in obstetrics and gynecology are typically performed by diagnostic medical sonographers.… detailed examination of fetal anatomy than a standard fetal survey and requires more advanced skills and knowledge. In 2013, a task force composed of participants from several major national obstetrical…
2. 性的少数者の女性への医療的ケアmedical care of sexual minority women [show details]
… a United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey study on HPV reported that up to 40… & Lesbian Medical Association, the GLMA is an association of LGBT health care professionals that provides free resources for patients and providers; : "OPTS is a national,…
3. 成人における神経性大食症症および気晴らし食い症候群：内科的合併症およびそのマネージメントbulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder in adults medical complications and their management [show details]
… history and physical examination. Patients with medical complaints due to bulimia nervosa often attempt to hide their eating disorder from clinicians . The medical evaluation of patients… general medical conditions beyond those described above. In a national hospital registry study that identified patients with bulimia nervosa (n >4700) and controls with minor medical conditions…
4. 病院前小児科医療および救急医療（EMS）prehospital pediatrics and emergency medical services ems [show details]
…Emergency Medical Responder (EMR) Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Advanced Emergency Medical Technician (AEMT) Paramedic; EMS Education Standards – A non-prescriptive new national standard… practice of emergency medical personnel historically have varied dramatically from one community to the next because accreditation, certification, and licensure have been the responsibility…
5. 小児における身体的診察：一般原則および標準的な測定the pediatric physical examination general principles and standard measurements [show details]
…relatively complete physical examination should be performed on each patient, regardless of the reason for the visit. Numerous medical anecdotes relate instances in which the examination revealed findings unrelated …

English Journal

Student Perspectives on the "Step 1 Climate" in Preclinical Medical Education.

Chen DR, Priest KC, Batten JN, Fragoso LE, Reinfeld BI, Laitman BM.
Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges. 2019 Mar;94(3)302-304.
The United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 was implemented in the 1990s as the most recent version of the National Board of Medical Examiners' preclinical licensing examination originally created in the late 1960s. For the purposes of state licensure, the exam is pass/fail, but the Step
PMID 30570499

Leveraging Natural Language Processing: Toward Computer-Assisted Scoring of Patient Notes in the USMLE Step 2 Clinical Skills Exam.

Salt J, Harik P, Barone MA.
Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges. 2019 Mar;94(3)314-316.
The United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 2 Clinical Skills (CS) exam uses physician raters to evaluate patient notes written by examinees. In this Invited Commentary, the authors describe the ways in which the Step 2 CS exam could benefit from adopting a computer-assisted scoring approac
PMID 30540567

Moving the United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 After Core Clerkships: An Outcomes Analysis.

Jurich D, Daniel M, Paniagua M, Fleming A, Harnik V, Pock A, Swan-Sein A, Barone MA, Santen SA.
Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges. 2019 Mar;94(3)371-377.
Schools undergoing curricular reform are reconsidering the optimal timing of Step 1. This study provides a psychometric investigation of the impact on United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 scores of changing the timing of Step 1 from after completion of the basic science curricula to af
PMID 30211755

Japanese Journal

新しい医師国家試験制度を前にした6年生の心境

神代龍吉,柏木孝仁,安達洋祐
久留米医学会雑誌 80(10-12), 334-341, 2017-12
NAID 40021474963

ドイツにおける医学教育と医師国家試験

奈良信雄,鈴木利哉
医学教育 45(3), 193-200, 2014
ドイツでは2003年に発効された「医師免許に関する規制法：Approbationsordung: AppOÄ」を契機に医学教育が大きく改革された．基本的には37校で同じカリキュラムに基づき教育されているが，昨今の医学の進歩や医療事情を鑑み，学際領域教育や臨床実習に重点を置いているなどに特色がある．医師国家試験は基礎医学履修後の2年終了時と，5年終了時の筆記試験と6年終了時の口頭試験が行われている． …
NAID 130005150828

The most requested factors in clinical skills exams for evaluating novice physicians: an internet-based survey of the general public in Japan

Otaki Junji,Nagata-Kobayashi Shizuko,Takayashiki Ayumi,Ono Maiko,Fukushi Motoharu,Matsumura Shinji
BMC Medical
… Background: Clinical skills tests have been added to the national medical licensure examinations in Canada, the U. … Adding a clinical skills test to the Japanese national medical licensure examination should also be considered under the Medical Practitioners Act. …
NAID 120005311823