マイコプラズマ・オビニューモニエ
WordNet
- any of a group of small parasitic bacteria that lack cell walls and can survive without oxygen; can cause pneumonia and urinary tract infection
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/05/12 00:49:09」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae |
| Scientific classification |
| Kingdom: |
Bacteria |
| Division: |
Firmicutes |
| Class: |
Mollicutes |
| Order: |
Mycoplasmatales |
| Family: |
Mycoplasmataceae |
| Genus: |
Mycoplasma |
| Species: |
M. ovipneumoniae |
| Binomial name |
Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae
|
Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae is a species of Mycoplasma bacteria that most commonly inhabits and affects ovine animals. Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae is a respiratory pathogen of domestic sheep, domestic goats, bighorn sheep, and mountain goats that can both cause primary atypical pneumonia and also predispose to secondary pneumonia with other agents, including Mannheimia haemolytica.[1] There are several mechanisms involved in the pathogenicity of M.Ovipneumoniae including; altering macrophage activity, adhering to the ruminants ciliated epitheluim via its polysaccharide capsule, inducing the production of autoantibiodies to cilary antigens and suppressive activity on lymphocytes, all of which are important factors that contribute to the disease in sheep and other small ruminants. The bacterium also has the ability to act as a prediposing factor for other bacterial and viral infections.
Populations of M.ovipneumoniae of infected sheep are often found to have varying strains of the bacterium within one animal, but the different strains vary in virulence.[2] The bacterium can be found within the lungs, trachea, and nasal cavity of small ruminants. However, the detection of M.ovipneumoniae can be otained by bacteriologic culture, molecular dignosistics, and serology, allowing for the bacterium to be grown in culture, species specific DNA sequences, and specific antibiodies identified, respectivitly.
In July 2007 it was discovered that this species of Mycoplasma was responsible for the deaths of bighorn sheep in the Western United States. It was theorized that the pathogen was passed to the wild bighorn sheep by domestic sheep that come into close contact with their wild counterparts while grazing.[3] M.ovipneumoniae has been found to be a predominant bacteria associated with bronopneumonia lesions in free ranging bighorn sheep, by either being introduced from domestic sheep or bighorn sheep can be long term carriers of the bacteria with a sudden on set of symptoms. Once M.ovipneumoniae is within a population it becomes very persistent and difficult to eliminate. However, Mycoplasma spp are labile organisms which are easily destroyed by heat, dehydration, sunlight and common disinfectants and therefore they do not survive for a long time outside the body of the animal.[4] As of now, and with many of Mycoplasma diseases, no protective immune responses have been achieved with the use of vaccines, even though antibodies can be obtained.
References
- ^ Rifatbegovis, et al. (2011). "Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae associated with severe repiratory disease in goats". Journal of the British Veterinary Association. doi:10.1136/vr.d886.
- ^ Harvey, et al. (2007-02-15). "Sheepflock infections with Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae involve multiple strains". Small Ruminant Research.
- ^ Riddler, Keith (2007-07-06). "Biologists find answer to dying sheep". Yahoo! News (Yahoo!). Retrieved 2007-07-07. [dead link]
- ^ Kusiluka, et al. (2008-04-07). "Common Diseases of Sheep and Goats in Sub-Saharan Africa". Book (DFID). Retrieved 2011-10-12.
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- PCR assay detects Mannheimia haemolytica in culture-negative pneumonic lung tissues of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) from outbreaks in the western USA, 2009-2010.
- Shanthalingam S1, Goldy A, Bavananthasivam J, Subramaniam R, Batra SA, Kugadas A, Raghavan B, Dassanayake RP, Jennings-Gaines JE, Killion HJ, Edwards WH, Ramsey JM, Anderson NJ, Wolff PL, Mansfield K, Bruning D, Srikumaran S.Author information 11 Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-7040, USA.AbstractMannheimia haemolytica consistently causes severe bronchopneumonia and rapid death of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) under experimental conditions. However, Bibersteinia trehalosi and Pasteurella multocida have been isolated from pneumonic bighorn lung tissues more frequently than M. haemolytica by culture-based methods. We hypothesized that assays more sensitive than culture would detect M. haemolytica in pneumonic lung tissues more accurately. Therefore, our first objective was to develop a PCR assay specific for M. haemolytica and use it to determine if this organism was present in the pneumonic lungs of bighorns during the 2009-2010 outbreaks in Montana, Nevada, and Washington, USA. Mannheimia haemolytica was detected by the species-specific PCR assay in 77% of archived pneumonic lung tissues that were negative by culture. Leukotoxin-negative M. haemolytica does not cause fatal pneumonia in bighorns. Therefore, our second objective was to determine if the leukotoxin gene was also present in the lung tissues as a means of determining the leukotoxicity of M. haemolytica that were present in the lungs. The leukotoxin-specific PCR assay detected leukotoxin gene in 91% of lung tissues that were negative for M. haemolytica by culture. Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae, an organism associated with bighorn pneumonia, was detected in 65% of pneumonic bighorn lung tissues by PCR or culture. A PCR assessment of distribution of these pathogens in the nasopharynx of healthy bighorns from populations that did not experience an all-age die-off in the past 20 yr revealed that M. ovipneumoniae was present in 31% of the animals whereas leukotoxin-positive M. haemolytica was present in only 4%. Taken together, these results indicate that culture-based methods are not reliable for detection of M. haemolytica and that leukotoxin-positive M. haemolytica was a predominant etiologic agent of the pneumonia outbreaks of 2009-2010.
- Journal of wildlife diseases.J Wildl Dis.2014 Jan;50(1):1-10. doi: 10.7589/2012-09-225. Epub 2013 Oct 25.
- Mannheimia haemolytica consistently causes severe bronchopneumonia and rapid death of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) under experimental conditions. However, Bibersteinia trehalosi and Pasteurella multocida have been isolated from pneumonic bighorn lung tissues more frequently than M. haemolytica by
- PMID 24171569
- Identification by culture, PCR, and immunohistochemistry of mycoplasmas and their molecular typing in sheep and lamb lungs with pneumonia in Eastern Turkey.
- Kılıc A1, Kalender H, Eroksuz H, Muz A, Tasdemir B.Author information 1Sivrice Vocational High School, Firat University, 23119, Elazig, Turkey, akilic23@gmail.com.AbstractThis study used cultures, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and immunoperoxidase to examine samples from 216 lungs from sheep and lambs with macroscopic pneumonia lesions for the presence of Mycoplasma species. DNA was extracted from lung tissue samples and broth cultures with the help of a DNA extraction kit and replicated using genus-specific and species-specific primers for mycoplasma. The lung samples were examined by the immunoperoxidase method using hyperimmune Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae serum. The randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) test was used for the molecular typing of M. ovipneumoniae isolates. Mycoplasma was isolated in the cultures of 80 (37.03 %) of a total of 216 lung samples. Genus-specific mycoplasma DNA was identified by PCR in 96 (44.44 %) samples in broth cultures and 36 (16.66 %) directly in the lung tissue. Of these 96 cases in which genus-specific identification was made, 57 (59.37 %) were positive for reaction with species-specific primers for M. ovipneumoniae and 31 (32.29 %) for Mycoplasma arginini. The DNA of neither of the latter two species could be identified in the remaining eight samples (8.33 %) where mycoplasma had been identified. As for the immunoperoxidase method, it identified M. ovipneumoniae in 61 of 216 lung samples (28 %). Positive staining was concentrated in the bronchial epithelium cell cytoplasm and cell surface. RAPD analysis resulted in 15 different profiles. Our results suggest that PCR methods could be successfully used in the diagnosis of mycoplasma infections as an alternative to culture method and identifying this agent at the species level.
- Tropical animal health and production.Trop Anim Health Prod.2013 Oct;45(7):1525-31. doi: 10.1007/s11250-013-0394-3. Epub 2013 Mar 15.
- This study used cultures, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and immunoperoxidase to examine samples from 216 lungs from sheep and lambs with macroscopic pneumonia lesions for the presence of Mycoplasma species. DNA was extracted from lung tissue samples and broth cultures with the help of a DNA extra
- PMID 23494576
- Molecular characterization of the heat shock protein 70 gene in Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae.
- Zhang B1, Han X, Yue H, Tang C.Author information 1College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China.AbstractMycoplasma ovipneumoniae is a species of mycoplasma bacteria that commonly infects the respiratory tract, causing respiratory disease in sheep and goats worldwide. In the current study, the 70-kDa heat shock protein (Hsp70) gene was cloned, sequenced and analyzed in 14 clinical isolates of M. ovipneumoniae. Results showed that, compared to the reference Y98 strain, the open-reading frames (ORFs) of Hsp70 gene in all isolates were 1818 base pairs (bp). Three nucleotides of TCA were inserted at 1,776 bp, resulting in insertion of the amino acid glutamine at amino acid position 593. The neighbor-joining trees, constructed using the Hsp70 gene, exhibited that the closest genetic relationship occurred between M. ovipneumoniae and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, which was consistent with the one based on the whole genome comparisons between these two mycoplasma species. Therefore, these results suggest that the Hsp70 gene, rather than 16S ribosomal RNA, was suitable as a potential molecular marker for evaluating the genetic relationship of M. ovipneumoniae with other bacterial species.
- Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997).Vet J.2013 Oct;198(1):299-301. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.07.001. Epub 2013 Sep 5.
- Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae is a species of mycoplasma bacteria that commonly infects the respiratory tract, causing respiratory disease in sheep and goats worldwide. In the current study, the 70-kDa heat shock protein (Hsp70) gene was cloned, sequenced and analyzed in 14 clinical isolates of M. ovipne
- PMID 24011586
Japanese Journal
- Electron microscopic studies of the interaction between ovine alveolar macrophages and Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae in vitro
Related Links
- Association of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae Infection with Population-Limiting Respiratory Disease in Free-Ranging Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep (Ovis ... Bronchopneumonia is a population-limiting disease in bighorn ...
- American Association of Zoo Veterinarians Infectious Disease Committee Manual 2013 MYCOPLASMOSIS (Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae, M. gallisepticum, M. agassizi, and others) Fact Sheet compiled by: Anne Justice-Allen ...
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