クワ科
- 関
- Morus、mulberry
WordNet
- trees or shrubs having a milky juice; in some classifications includes genus Cannabis (同)family Moraceae, mulberry family
- any of several trees of the genus Morus having edible fruit that resembles the blackberry (同)mulberry tree
- sweet usually dark purple blackberry-like fruit of any of several mulberry trees of the genus Morus
- type genus of the Moraceae: mulberries (同)genus Morus
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈C〉クワ;クワの実 / 〈U〉クワの実色,濃い赤紫色 / 赤紫色の
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2012/12/29 22:57:06」(JST)
[Wiki ja表示]
クワ科(クロンキスト体系) |
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分類 |
界 |
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植物界 Plantae |
門 |
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被子植物門 Magnoliophyta |
綱 |
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双子葉植物綱 Magnoliopsida |
目 |
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イラクサ目 Urticales |
科 |
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クワ科 Moraceae |
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学名 |
Moraceae
Link (1831) |
属 |
本文参照
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クワ科 (Moraceae) は双子葉植物に属する科で、約40属、1000種以上(半分以上がイチジク属)あり、特に熱帯と亜熱帯に多い。木本または一部草本で、よく知られる種ではクワ、イチジク、熱帯果樹のパンノキ、パラミツ(ジャックフルーツ)、観葉植物にされるインドゴムノキやガジュマルなどがある。花は小さい単性花で、穂状花序または頭状花序を作り、果実は集合果となるものが多い。特にイチジク属は特徴的な壷状の花序(隠頭花序)を作り、全体が1個の果実のように見える。
目次
- 1 分類
- 2 クジポン(kkujippong、 ハリグワ)
- 3 外部リンク
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分類
かつてはアサ科(アサ、ホップ、カナムグラなど)も含めていたが、現在は別の科とすることが多い。クロンキスト体系ではイラクサ目とし、APG植物分類体系ではイラクサ科、アサ科などとともにバラ目に入れている。
属
- Antiaris ウパス属
- Antiaropsis
- Artocarpus パンノキ属
- Bagassa
- Batocarpus
- Bleekrodea
- Bosqueiopsis
- Brosimum
- Broussonetia コウゾ属
- Castilla
- Clarisia
- Craterogyne
- Cudrania ハリグワ属
- Dorstenia
- Fatoua クワクサ属
- Ficus イチジク属
- イチジク、インドゴムノキ、ガジュマル、イヌビワ、イタビカズラ
- Helianthostylis
- Helicostylis
- Hullettia
- Maclura
- Maquira
- Mesogyne
- Metatrophis
- Milicia
- Morus クワ属
- Naucleopsis
- Olmedia
- Olmediopsis
- Parartocarpus
- Perebia
- Poulsenia
- Prainea
- Pseudolmedia
- Scyphosyce
- Sorocea
- Sparattosyce
- Streblus
- Treculia
- Trilepisium
- Trophis
- Trymatococcus
- Utsetela
クジポン(kkujippong、 ハリグワ)
学名:Cudrania tricuspidata クワ科( -科Moraceae)に属する落葉喬木。 原産国は韓国、中国である。日本には自生していない。 低木。枝にとげが多く、小枝に毛がある。 果肉は甘くて味があり、秋に生で食べる。
効能
女性の子宮癌、子宮炎症、冷え性、生理不純、関節炎、神経痛などに効果が大きい。 打撲による皮下出血に効果があり、利尿効果ある。肝臓と腎臓機能を強くして、様々な種類の炎症を改善する。 坑癌效果が非常に高い。 食道癌、胃癌、結腸癌、直腸癌などの消化器官の癌に主に使い、肺癌や肝臓癌の患者にも使う。 癌細胞を育たないようにする、または減少させるだけでなく、痛みを軽くして、食欲を良くするため体力が付き、利尿作用によりデトックス効果がある。 また、末期癌患者の抵抗力を育てて、自分の病気に打ち勝てるよう支援する。 筋肉と腱を癒してくれる作用がある。 クジポンの酒を飲むと耳鳴りの症状を改善する効果があると言われている。 クジポンの実でお酒を作ったら味美味しくて精力不足、腰痛や様々な肝疾患などに良いと言われている。
外部リンク
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ウィキメディア・コモンズには、クワ科に関連するカテゴリがあります。 |
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ウィキスピーシーズにクワ科に関する情報があります。 |
- Moraceae in Stevens, P.F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 7, May 2006 (continuously updated since).
- Moraceae in L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval. http://delta-intkey.com
[Wiki en表示]
Moraceae
Temporal range: 80 Ma
PreЄ
Є
O
S
D
C
P
T
J
K
Pg
N
Cretaceous - Recent |
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Panama Rubber Tree (Castilla elastica) |
Scientific classification |
Kingdom: |
Plantae |
(unranked): |
Angiosperms |
(unranked): |
Eudicots |
(unranked): |
Rosids |
Order: |
Rosales |
Family: |
Moraceae
(Dumort.) Gaudich. in Trinius (nom cons.) |
Genera |
See text.
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Moraceae — often called the mulberry family or fig family — are a family of flowering plants comprising about 40 genera and over 1000 species. Most are widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, less so in temperate climates. The only synapomorphy within Moraceae is presence of laticifers and milky sap in all parenchymatous tissues, but generally useful field characters include two carpels sometimes with one reduced, compound inconspicuous flowers, and compound fruits.[1] Included are well-known plants such as the fig, banyan, breadfruit, mulberry, and Osage-orange. The 'flowers' of Moraceae are often pseudanthia (reduced inflorescences).
Contents
- 1 Classification
- 2 Footnotes
- 3 References
- 4 External links
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Classification
Formerly included within the now defunct order Urticales, recent molecular studies have resulted in its placement within Rosales in a clade called the urticalean rosids that also includes Ulmaceae, Celtidaceae, Cannabaceae and Urticaceae. Cecropia, which has variously been placed in Moraceae, Urticaceae, or their own family, Cecropicaceae, is now included in Urticaceae.[2]
Moraceae dioecy apparently evolved from monoecy as dioecy appears to be the primitive state in Moraceae. Monoecy evolved independently at least four times.[3]
Genera
The five tribes of Moraceae are: Artocarpeae;[4] Castilleae;[5] Dorstenieae;[6] Ficeae;[7] and Moreae.[8] Aside from Ficaea, which only has one genus (Ficus L.), all of the others have at least seven genera, here listed below.[9]
- Artocarpeae
- Artocarpus J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
- Batocarpus H.Karst.
- Clarisia Ruiz & Pav.
- Hullettia King ex Hook.f.
- Parartocarpus Baill.
- Prainea King ex Hook.f.
- Treculia Decne. ex Trécul
- Castilleae
- Antiaris Lesch.
- Antiaropsis K.Schum.
- Castilla Cerv.
- Helicostylis Trécul
- Maquira Aubl.
- Mesogyne Engl.
- Naucleopsis Miq.
- Perebea Aubl.
- Poulsenia Eggers
- Pseudolmedia Trécul
- Sparattosyce Bureau
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- Dorstenieae
- Bosqueiopsis De Wild. & T.Durand
- Brosimum Sw.
- Dorstenia L.
- Helianthostylis Baill.
- Scyphosyce Baill.
- Trilepisium Thouars
- Trymatococcus Poepp. & Endl.
- Utsetela Pellegr.
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- Moreae
- Bagassa Aubl.
- Bleekrodea Blume
- Broussonetia L’Hér. ex Vent.
- Fatoua Gaudich.
- Maclura Nutt.
- Milicia Sim
- Morus L.
- Sorocea A.St.-Hil.
- Streblus Lour.
- Trophis P.Browne
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- ^ Judd et al. (2008)
- ^ Sytsma et al. (2002)
- ^ Datwyler and Weiblen (2004)
- ^ GRIN. "Genera in GRIN for tribe Artocarpeae". http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/gnlist.pl?2408. Retrieved November 26, 2012.
- ^ GRIN. "Genera in GRIN for tribe Castilleae". http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/gnlist.pl?2409. Retrieved November 26, 2012.
- ^ GRIN. "Genera in GRIN for tribe Dorstenieae". http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/gnlist.pl?2410. Retrieved November 26, 2012.
- ^ GRIN. "Genera in GRIN for tribe Ficeae". http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/gnlist.pl?2411. Retrieved November 26, 2012.
- ^ GRIN. "Genera in GRIN for tribe Moreae". http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/gnlist.pl?2412. Retrieved November 26, 2012.
- ^ GRIN. "Genera in GRIN for family Moraceae". Taxonomy for Plants. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland: USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/gnlist.pl?735. Retrieved November 26, 2012.
References
- Datwyler, Shannon L. & Weiblen, George D. (2004): On the origin of the fig:Phylogenetic relationships of Moraceae from ndhF sequences. American Journal of Botany 91(5): 767-777. PDF fulltext
- Judd, Walter S.; Campbell, Christopher S.; Kellogg, Elizabeth A.; Stevens, Peter F. & Donoghue, Michael J. (2008): Plant Systematics: A Phylogenetic Approach. Sinauer Associates, Inc. Sunderland, MA.
- Sytsma, Kenneth J.; Morawetz, Jeffery; Pires, J. Chris; Nepokroeff, Molly; Conti, Elena; Zjhra, Michelle; Hall, Jocelyn C. & Chase, Mark W. (2002): Urticalean rosids: Circumscription, rosid ancestry, and phylogenetics based on rbcL, trnL-F, and ndhF sequences. American Journal of Botany 89(9): 1531-1546. PDF fulltext
- Zerega, Nyree J. C.; Clement, Wendy L.; Datwyler, Shannon L. & Weiblen, George D. (2005): Biogroegraphy and divergence times in the mulberry family (Moraceae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 37(2): 402-416. doi|10.1016/j.ympev.2005.07.004 PDF fulltext
External links
- Moraceae in L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants.
English Journal
- Pancreatic lipase inhibitory constituents from Morus alba leaves and optimization for extraction conditions.
- Jeong JY1, Jo YH1, Kim SB1, Liu Q1, Lee JW1, Mo EJ1, Lee KY2, Hwang BY1, Lee MK3.
- Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters.Bioorg Med Chem Lett.2015 Jun 1;25(11):2269-74. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.04.045. Epub 2015 Apr 22.
- The leaves of Morus alba (Moraceae) have been traditionally used for the treatment of metabolic diseases including diabetes and hyperlipidemia. Thus, inhibitory effect of M. alba leaves on pancreatic lipase and their active constituents were investigated in this study. Twenty phenolic compounds incl
- PMID 25935644
- The flavonoid morin from Moraceae induces apoptosis by modulation of Bcl-2 family members and Fas receptor in HCT 116 cells.
- Hyun HB1, Lee WS2, Go SI2, Nagappan A2, Park C3, Han MH4, Hong SH4, Kim G5, Kim GY6, Cheong J7, Ryu CH8, Shin SC9, Choi YH1.
- International journal of oncology.Int J Oncol.2015 Jun;46(6):2670-8. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2015.2967. Epub 2015 Apr 16.
- It is evident based on literature that flavonoids from fruit can safely modulate cancer cell biology and induce apoptosis. Therefore, we investigated the anticancer activity of morin, a flavonoid which is plentiful in twigs of mulberry focusing on apoptosis, and its mechanisms. Morin upregulated the
- PMID 25892545
- Ethnobotanical survey of medicinally important shrubs and trees of Himalayan region of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan.
- Rashid S1, Ahmad M2, Zafar M2, Sultana S2, Ayub M2, Khan MA2, Yaseen G2.
- Journal of ethnopharmacology.J Ethnopharmacol.2015 May 26;166:340-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.03.042. Epub 2015 Mar 23.
- ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Present study was commenced with an aim to document the indigenous knowledge of medicinally important shrubs and trees of Himalayan region of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. This is the first contribution to the quantitative ethnobotany of this region, as no reporte
- PMID 25814319
Japanese Journal
- Transplant experiments reveal edge effects and inconsistent maternal effects on seedling performance in the pioneer tree Ficus tonduzii (Moraceae)
- Micro-morphology and meiotic behavior in two diploid mulberry (Morus) varieties
- Tirucallane-Type Triterpenoids from the Fruit of Ficus carica and Their Cytotoxic Activity
Related Links
- クワ科 (Moraceae) は双子葉植物に属する科で、約40属、1000種以上(半分以上が イチジク属)あり、特に熱帯と亜熱帯に多い。木本または一部草本で、よく知られる種 ではクワ、イチジク、熱帯果樹のパンノキ、パラミツ(ジャックフルーツ)、観葉植物にされ る ...
- Moraceae — often called the mulberry family or fig family — are a family of flowering plants comprising about 40 genera and over 1000 species. Most are widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, less so in temperate climates. The only ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
クワ属、モルス属、Morus属
- 関
- Moraceae、mulberry
[★]
- 関
- Moraceae、Morus
[★]
- ラ
- Moraceae
- 関
- 桑実状、クワ属