WordNet
- genus of Old World herbs: dead nettles; henbits (同)genus Lamium
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2016/12/04 00:58:11」(JST)
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Lamium |
|
Lamium purpureum |
Scientific classification |
Kingdom: |
Plantae |
(unranked): |
Angiosperms |
(unranked): |
Eudicots |
(unranked): |
Asterids |
Order: |
Lamiales |
Family: |
Lamiaceae |
Subfamily: |
Lamioideae |
Tribe: |
Lamieae |
Genus: |
Lamium
L.[1] |
Type species |
Lamium purpureum
L. |
Synonyms[2] |
- Orvala L.
- Lamiastrum Heist. ex Fabr.
- Galeobdolon Adans.
- Pollichia Schrank.
- Psilopsis Neck.
- Wiedemannia Fisch. & C.A.Mey.
- Lamiopsis Opiz
- Lamiella Fourr.
|
Lamium (dead-nettles) is a genus of about 40–50 species of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae,[3] of which it is the type genus. They are all herbaceous plants native to Europe, Asia, and northern Africa, but several have become very successful weeds of crop fields and are now widely naturalised across much of the temperate world.[2][4][5]
Contents
- 1 Description
- 2 Cultivation
- 3 Ecology
- 4 References
Description
The genus includes both annual and perennial species; they spread by both seeds and stems rooting as they grow along the ground. They have square stems[6] and coarsely textured pairs of leaves, often with striking patterns or variegation. They produce double-lipped flowers in a wide range of colours.[7]
The common name "dead-nettle" refers to the resemblance of Lamium album[8] to the very distantly related stinging nettles, but unlike those, they do not have stinging hairs and so are harmless or apparently "dead".
Several closely related genera were formerly included in Lamium by some botanists, including Galeopsis (hemp-nettles) and Leonurus (motherworts).[citation needed]
Cultivation
Lamium species are widely cultivated as groundcover, and numerous cultivars have been selected for garden use.[7] They are frost hardy and grow well in most soils. Flower colour determines planting season and light requirement: white- and purple-coloured flowered species are planted in spring and prefer full sun. The yellow-flowered ones are planted in fall (autumn) and prefer shade. They often have invasive habits and need plenty of room.
Ecology
Lamium species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Angle Shades, Setaceous Hebrew Character and the Coleophora case-bearers C. ballotella, C. lineolea and C. ochripennella.
- Species[2]
- Lamium album L. – (white dead-nettle) – widespread across Europe + northern Asia from Spain + Norway to Japan + Kamchatka; naturalized in New Zealand + North America
- Lamium amplexicaule L. – (henbit dead-nettle) – widespread across Europe and northern Asia from Spain + Norway to Japan + Kamchatka, as well as North Africa, Ethiopia, Azores, Madeira, Canary Islands; naturalized in New Zealand, Hawaii, South America + North America
- Lamium bifidum Cirillo – Mediterranean from Portugal to Romania
- Lamium caucasicum Grossh. – Caucasus (southern European Russia, Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan)
- Lamium confertum Fr. – northern Europe from Ireland to northern Russia; naturalized in Greenland + Iceland
- Lamium coutinhoi J.G.García – Portugal
- Lamium demirizii A.P.Khokhr. – Turkey
- Lamium eriocephalum Benth. – Turkey
- Lamium flexuosum Ten. – Spain, France, Italy, Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia
- Lamium galactophyllum Boiss. & Reut. – Turkey
- Lamium galeobdolon (L.) L. – northern + central Europe and western Asia from Spain + Denmark east to Iran + Western Siberia; naturalized in New Zealand + Madeira
- Lamium garganicum L. – Mediterranean + western Asia from Portugal to Kazakhstan + Saudi Arabia
- Lamium gevorense (Gómez Hern.) Gómez Hern. & A.Pujadas – Spain, Portugal, Corsica
- Lamium glaberrimum (K.Koch) Taliev – Crimea
- Lamium × holsaticum Prahl – central Europe (L. album × L. maculatum)
- Lamium macrodon Boiss. & A.Huet – Turkey, Caucasus, Syria, Iran, Iraq
- Lamium maculatum (L.) L. – (spotted white dead-nettle, purple dragon) – Europe + Middle East from Portugal to Turkey; also Gansu + Xinjiang Provinces of western China
- Lamium moluccellifolium (northern dead-nettle)
- Lamium moschatum Mill. – eastern Mediterranean (Greece, Turkey, Syria, Palestine, Cyprus)
- Lamium multifidum L. – Turkey, Caucasus
- Lamium orientale (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) E.H.L.Krause – Turkey, Syria, Palestine
- Lamium orvala L. – Austria, Italy, Hungary, Slovenia
- Lamium purpureum L. (red dead-nettle) – northern + central Europe and western Asia from Spain + Denmark east to Caucasus + Siberia; naturalized in Korea, Taiwan, North America, New Zealand, Argentina, Falkland Islands
- Lamium taiwanense S.S.Ying – Taiwan
- Lamium tomentosum Willd. – Turkey, Caucasus, Iran, Iraq
- Lamium vreemanii A.P.Khokhr. – Turkey
References
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lamium. |
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Wikispecies has information related to: Lamium |
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Look up lamium in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
- ^ Carl Linnaeus (1753) Species Plantarum, p. 579.
- ^ a b c Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant families
- ^ http://pss.uvm.edu/pss123/perlam.html
- ^ Altervista Flora Italiana, Genere Lamium includes photos and distribution maps for Europe and North America
- ^ Flora of China Vol. 17 Page 157 野芝麻属 ye zhi ma shu Lamium Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 579. 1753.
- ^ Parnell, J. and Curtis, T. 2012. Webb's An Irish Flora. p. 355. Cork University Press. ISBN 978-185918-4783
- ^ a b RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 1405332964.
- ^ Brown, V. K.; Lawton, J. H.; Grubb, P. J. (29 August 1991). "Herbivory and the Evolution of Leaf Size and Shape [and Discussion]". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 333 (1267): 265–272. doi:10.1098/rstb.1991.0076.
... appearance of vegetative plants of white dead-nettles (Lamium album) (Labiatae) bear a close resemblance to stinging nettles (Urtica dioica) (Urticaceae). Stinging hairs deter soft-muzzled, grazing mammals, suggesting that dead-nettles are harmless Batesian mimics. However, many other labiates that do not closely mimic nettles have ovate leaves with serrate margins, so if this is a case of true mimicry, it may have involved rather little modification in leaf shape. ...
English Journal
- Conservation biological control in strawberry: effect of different pollen on development, survival, and reproduction of Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae).
- Gugole Ottaviano MF1, Cédola CV1, Sánchez NE1, Greco NM2.
- Experimental & applied acarology.Exp Appl Acarol.2015 Dec;67(4):507-21. doi: 10.1007/s10493-015-9971-7. Epub 2015 Oct 12.
- Wild vegetation surrounding crops may provide temporary habitat and potential food sources for phytoseiids in different seasons. Monthly vegetation samples of wild plants adjacent to strawberry plants and wild plants in a vegetation strip close to the crop were taken. The frequency of Neoseiulus cal
- PMID 26459375
- Changes in the functional characteristics of tumor and normal cells after treatment with extracts of white dead-nettle.
- Veleva R1, Petkova B2, Moskova-Doumanova V1, Doumanov J3, Dimitrova M2, Koleva P1, Mladenova K3, Petrova S3, Yordanova Z2, Kapchina-Toteva V2, Topouzova-Hristova T1.
- Biotechnology, biotechnological equipment.Biotechnol Biotechnol Equip.2015 Jan 2;29(1):181-188. Epub 2014 Dec 12.
- Lamium album L. is a perennial herb widely used in folk medicine. It possesses a wide spectrum of therapeutic activities (anti-inflammatory, astringent, antiseptic, antibiotic, antispasmodic, antioxidant and anti-proliferative). Preservation of medicinal plant could be done by in vitro propagation t
- PMID 26019631
- Adaptive Advantage of Myrmecochory in the Ant-Dispersed Herb Lamium amplexicaule (Lamiaceae): Predation Avoidance through the Deterrence of Post-Dispersal Seed Predators.
- Tanaka K1, Ogata K2, Mukai H3, Yamawo A4, Tokuda M2.
- PloS one.PLoS One.2015 Jul 21;10(7):e0133677. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133677. eCollection 2015.
- Seed dispersal by ants (myrmecochory) is found worldwide, but the benefits that plants obtain from this mutualism remain uncertain. In the present study, we conducted laboratory experiments to demonstrate seed predator avoidance as a benefit of myrmecochory using the annual ant-dispersed herb Lamium
- PMID 26197397
Japanese Journal
- 観察の視点を持たせる視覚教材を用いた授業実践研究 : 小学校3年理科授業を通して
- 帝京科学大学紀要 = Bulletin of Teikyo University of Science 11, 49-59, 2015
- NAID 120005749234
- Cytological Studies of Some Dicots from the Hills of Mandi District (Himachal Pradesh) in Northwest Indian Himalayas
- Cytologia : international journal of cytology 78(1), 55-68, 2013-03-25
- NAID 10031178173
- Colletotrichum higginsianum によるホトケノザおよびスベリヒユ炭疽病 (新称)の発生と病原菌のコマツナに対する病原性確認
Related Links
- ラミウム・マクラツム(Lamium maculatum) は、春、花茎の先に輪状集散花序の唇形の小花を多数付けるシソ科オドリコソウ属(ラミウム属)の耐寒性・匍匐性の多年草です。 温帯地域に分布しており、日本ではオドリコソウ(踊子草)や ...
- ツルオドリコソウ(Lamium galeobdolon)花弁が赤いタイプ。茎はつる状で匍匐する。 。群生。 ... 全植物 学名順 前属 前種 次種 一覧 HP テキスト目次 ツルオドリコソウ Lamium galeobdolon
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