出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2014/09/27 16:03:09」(JST)
株式会社国際協力銀行のデータ | |
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英名 | Japan Bank for International Cooperation |
代表者氏名 | 渡辺博史(代表取締役総裁) |
店舗数 | 本店 西日本オフィス |
従業員数 | 529人(平成25年度) |
資本金 | 1兆3,600億円 |
貸出金残高 | 10兆6,853億円(出融資残高) 2兆4,006億円(保証残高) |
設立日 | 2012年4月1日 (前身の日本輸出入銀行の設立は1950年) |
所在地 |
100-8144
日本
東京都千代田区大手町一丁目4番1号 |
外部リンク | http://www.jbic.go.jp/ |
特記事項: 2013年3月末時点。 |
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株式会社国際協力銀行(こくさいきょうりょくぎんこう、英語:Japan Bank for International Cooperation)は、株式会社国際協力銀行法(平成23年5月2日法律第39号)に基づく特殊会社であり、日本の輸出信用機関(ECA)である。略称はJBIC(ジェービック)。日本政府100%出資の特殊銀行であり、政府と一体の法人とされる。前身は日本輸出入銀行(輸銀)である。
一般の金融機関が行う金融を補完することを旨としつつ、以下の業務分野に必要な金融を行い、もって日本及び国際経済社会の健全な発展に寄与することを目的としている[1]。
日本で唯一の国際金融に特化した政策金融機関として、日本の対外経済政策・エネルギー安全保障政策を担う。外国政府、日本企業が関与・運営する海外インフラプロジェクト、日本企業が行うM&Aなどの海外投資プロジェクト、日本に輸入されるエネルギー・天然資源開発プロジェクト、環境プロジェクトなどに、主にプロジェクト・ファイナンスを活用して融資を行っている。最近は出資業務も本格化させている。
「新成長戦略」(平成22年6月18日閣議決定)、「円高・デフレ対応のための緊急総合経済対策」(平成22年10月8日閣議決定)、「パッケージ型インフラ海外展開関係大臣会合決定事項」(平成22年12月10日)を踏まえ、パッケージ型インフラ海外展開プロジェクトをはじめ国家戦略型プロジェクトを推進するなど、日本の国際政策及び成長戦略を推進する上でキープレイヤーとしての役割を担っている。また「日本経済再生に向けた緊急経済対策」(平成25年1月11日閣議決定)を踏まえ、「海外展開支援出資ファシリティ」・「海外展開支援融資ファシリティ」を創設しており、日本企業の海外展開支援のために積極的なリスクマネー供給を行う[2][3]。
資金調達の一部として外国為替資金特別会計からの借入を行っており、外貨準備高の運用機関として日本版ソブリン・ウエルス・ファンドとも解される。ただし、業務の目的は公益の追求であり、利益のみを追求することではない点が通常のソブリン・ウエルス・ファンドとは異なる。
株式会社国際協力銀行法において、政府の業務責任、民間会計基準による決算、政府による資金貸付や予算の国会議決が規定されている。また業務における収支相償が求められており、その結果得られた利益は必要な準備金の積立以外の部分は全額国庫納付されることが明記されている。
この項目は、金融機関(銀行等)に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めています(プロジェクト 経済/プロジェクト 金融)。 |
This article needs more links to other articles to help integrate it into the encyclopedia. Please help improve this article by adding links that are relevant to the context within the existing text. (November 2012) |
The Japan Bank for International Cooperation (国際協力銀行, Kokusai Kyōryoku Ginkou?), also known by its acronym, JBIC, is a Japanese public financial institution and export credit agency that was created on October 1, 1999, through the merge of the Japan Export-Import Bank (JEXIM) and the Overseas Economic Cooperation Fund (OECF).[1]
JBIC is the international wing of the Japan Finance Corporation (JFC) (日本政策金融公庫, Nihon seisaku kin-yu kohko?) (administered by the Ministry of Finance) established on October 1, 2008. The bank is wholly owned by the Japanese government, and its budget and operations are regulated by the JBIC law. It is headquartered in Tokyo and operates in 18 countries with 21 offices. The main purpose of the institution is to promote economic cooperation between Japan and overseas countries by providing resources to foreign investments and by fostering international commerce. It has a major role in promoting Japanese exports and imports, and the country's activities overseas. The bank's presence can be seen both in developed and developing countries. It tries to contribute to the stability of the international financial order and to the promotion of sustainable development. It follows a policy of not competing with ordinary financial institutions. The bank is one of the instruments of Japan's official development assistance (ODA), which contributes to the execution of the country's foreign policy. As it aims at sustainable development, JBIC is concerned about social and environmental issues,[2] and requires environmental impact assessment studies to provide funding to any project.
Following the passage of the Japan Finance Corporation Law on May 18, 2007, during the 166th Ordinary Diet Session, the international financial operations (IFOs) of Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC), National Life Finance Corporation (NLFC), Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Finance Corporation (AFC), and Japan Finance Corporation for Small and Medium Enterprise (JASME) will be merged on October 1, 2008, to become a new policy-based financing institution, tentatively called Japan Finance Corporation (JFC).
To maintain the international trust and confidence enjoyed by JBIC, the international finance sector of JFC will continue to use the name Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC).
The new JBIC constitutes the international finance sector of Japan Finance Corporation (JFC), a policy-based financing institution.
The new JBIC performs the following three functions to contribute to sound development of the international economy, including Japan:
In addition to the above functions, the new JBIC will take over, on a separate account, financial operations for effective realignment of the US military forces stationed in Japan pursuant to the relevant special legislation.
The new JBIC will conduct business operations based on the following principles:
Of the two types of operations conducted by the current JBIC, JFC will take over IFOs in its international finance sector. However, to maintain international trust and confidence enjoyed by JBIC, the international finance sector of JFC will continue to use the name of JBIC as it conducts international finance operations.
JBIC is currently the international wing of Japan Finance Corporation (JFC) established October 1, 2008. "The predecessor of JBIC is the International Financial Operations of former JBIC. JFC will take over IFOs in its international wing. However, to maintain international trust and confidence enjoyed by JBIC, the international wing of JFC will continue to use the name of Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC) as it conducts international finance operations."[3]
JBIC has mainly two ways of performing its loans: international financial operations (IFOs) and overseas economic operations (ODA). These operations are independent of each other and are clearly separated in the bank's financial statements.
The IFO operations include loans and equity participation in overseas projects of Japanese corporations, therefore contributing to Japanese activities overseas. These operations are aimed at both developed and developing countries. As of March 31, 2006, the IFO operations accounted for ¥985.5 billion.[4]
The ODA operations are aimed mainly at developing countries, especially those in Asia, which accounted for 15.8% of the bank's operations in 2004 fiscal year.[5] These operations provide long-term and low-interest loans to important projects that develop social structure and infrastructure of developing countries. The JBIC's financial assistance represents 40 percent of Japan's official development assistance. As of March 31, 2006, the ODA operations accounted for ¥770 billion.[4]
As of March 2005, the country which had access to the most loans was Indonesia, followed by China and the Philippines. Brazil was the most benefited from South American countries, holding the sixth place in the bank's investments.[6]
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