Honegger

　

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1. Swiss composer (born in France) who was the founding member of a group in Paris that included Erik Satie and Darius Milhaud and Francis Poulenc and Jean Cocteau (1892-1955) (同)Arthur Honegger

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/08/31 13:53:10」(JST)

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"Honegger" redirects here. For other uses, see Honegger (surname).

Honegger on the 1996 Swiss 20 franc note

Arthur Honegger (French: [aʁtyʁ ɔnɛɡɛːʁ]; 10 March 1892 – 27 November 1955) was a Swiss composer, who was born in France and lived a large part of his life in Paris. He was a member of Les Six. His most frequently performed work is probably the orchestral work Pacific 231, which was inspired by the sound of a steam locomotive.

Biography

Born Oscar-Arthur Honegger (the first name was never used) to Swiss parents in Le Havre, France, he initially studied harmony and violin in Le Havre. After studying for two years at the Zurich Conservatory he enrolled in the Paris Conservatoire from 1911 to 1918, studying with both Charles-Marie Widor and Vincent d'Indy. He made his Paris compositional debut in 1916 and in 1918 wrote the ballet Le dit des jeux du monde, generally considered to be his first characteristic work. In 1926 he married Andrée Vaurabourg, a pianist and fellow student at the Paris Conservatoire, on the condition that they live in separate apartments. They lived apart for the duration of their marriage, with the exceptions of one year from 1935 to 1936 following Vaurabourg's injury in a car accident, and the last year of Honegger's life, when he was not well enough to live alone. They had one daughter, Pascale, born in 1932. Honegger also had a son, Jean-Claude (1926–2003), with the singer Claire Croiza.

In the early 1920s, Honegger shot to fame with his "dramatic psalm" Le roi David ("King David"), which is still in the choral repertoire. Between World War I and World War II, Honegger was very prolific. He composed the music for Abel Gance's epic 1927 film, Napoléon. He composed nine ballets and three vocal stage works, amongst other works. One of those stage works, Jeanne d'Arc au bûcher (1935), a "dramatic oratorio" (to words by Paul Claudel), is thought of as one of his finest works. In addition to his pieces written alone, he collaborated with Jacques Ibert on both an opera, L'Aiglon (1937), and an operetta. During this time period he also wrote Danse de la chèvre (1921), an essential piece of flute repertoire. Dedicated to René Le Roy and written for flute alone, this piece is lively and charming, but with the same directness of all Honegger's work.

Honegger had always remained in touch with Switzerland, his parents' country of origin, but with the outbreak of the war and the invasion of the Nazis, he found himself unable to leave Paris. He joined the French Resistance and was generally unaffected by the Nazis themselves, who allowed him to continue his work without too much interference. In parallel, he also taught composition at the École Normale de Musique de Paris, where among his students was Yves Ramette, future composer of six symphonies. However, he was greatly depressed by the war. Between its outbreak and his death, he wrote his last four symphonies (numbers two to five) which are among the most powerful symphonic works of the 20th century. Of these, the second, for strings, featuring a solo trumpet which plays a chorale tune by Johann Sebastian Bach in the final movement, and the third, subtitled Symphonie Liturgique with its three movements evoking the Requiem Mass (Dies Irae, De profundis clamavi and Dona nobis pacem), are probably the best known. Written in 1946 just after the end of the war, it has parallels with Benjamin Britten's Sinfonia da Requiem of 1940. In complete contrast with this work is the lyrical, nostalgic Symphony No. 4, subtitled "Deliciae Basilienses" ("The Delights of Basel") and written as a tribute to days of relaxation spent in that Swiss city during the war.

Honegger was widely known as a train enthusiast, and once notably said: "I have always loved locomotives passionately. For me they are living creatures and I love them as others love women or horses." His "mouvement symphonique" Pacific 231 (a depiction of a steam locomotive) gained him early notoriety in 1923.

Many of Honegger's works were championed by his longtime friend Georges Tzipine, who conducted the premiere recordings of some of them (Cris du Monde oratorio, Nicolas de Flüe).

In 1953 he wrote his last composition, A Christmas Cantata. After a protracted illness, he died at home in Paris of a heart attack on 27 November 1955 and was interred in the Saint-Vincent Cemetery in the Montmartre Quarter.

The principal elements of Honegger's style are: Bachian counterpoint, driving rhythms, melodic amplitude, highly coloristic harmonies, an impressionistic use of orchestral sonorities, and a concern for formal architecture. His style is weightier and more solemn than that of his colleagues in Les Six. Far from reacting against German romanticism as the other members of Les Six did, Honegger's mature works show evidence of a distinct influence by it. Despite the differences in their styles, he and fellow Les Six member Darius Milhaud were close friends, having studied together at the Paris Conservatoire. Milhaud dedicated his fourth string quintet to Honegger's memory, while Francis Poulenc similarly dedicated his Clarinet Sonata.

Legacy

Honegger is currently featured on the Swiss twenty franc banknote.

Honegger's symphonic movement Rugby was recorded with him conducting the Paris Symphony Orchestra in a 1929 electrical recording, which can be heard on YouTube. Many of Honegger's recordings as conductor of his music have been reissued on CD by Pearl and Dutton.

For a list of notable students, See: List of music students by teacher: G to M#Arthur Honegger.

Notable compositions

Opus numbers originate from the complete catalogue by Harry Halbreich. For a longer list of compositions, see List of compositions by Arthur Honegger. For a list of select recordings, see Arthur Honegger discography.

• Orchestral Music :

Symphonies :

1930 : H 75 First Symphony

1941 : H 153 Second Symphony for strings and trumpet in D

1946 : H 186 Third Symphony (Symphonie Liturgique)

1946 : H 191 Fourth Symphony in A (Deliciae basiliensis)

1950 : H 202 Fifth Symphony in D (Di tre re)

Symphonic Movements :

1923 : H 53 Pacific 231 (Symphonic Movement No. 1)

1928 : H 67 Rugby (Symphonic Movement No. 2)

1933 : H 83 Symphonic Movement No. 3

Concerti :

1924 : H 55 Concertino for piano and orchestra in E major

1929 : H 72 Concerto for cello and orchestra in C major

1948 : H 196 Concerto da camera, for flute, English horn and strings

Others :

1917 : H 16 Le chant de Nigamon

1920 : H 31 Pastorale d'été

1923 : H 47 Chant de joie (Song of Joy)

1951 : H 204 Monopartita

• Oratorios :

1921 : H 37 Le roi David (King David) libretto by René Morax, version for orchestra in 1923

1935 : H 99 Jeanne d'Arc au bûcher, libretto by Paul Claudel, version with prologue in 1941

1938 : H 131 La danse des morts, (The Dance of the Dead) libretto by Paul Claudel

1953 : H 212 Une cantate de Noël (A Christmas Cantata)

• Operas :

1903 : Philippa, not orchestrated, performed, or published

1904 : Sigismond, lost

1907 : La Esmeralda, after Victor Hugo's Notre-Dame de Paris, unfinished and unpublished

1918 : La mort de sainte Alméenne, libretto by M. Jacob, unpublished and only Interlude orchestrated

1925 : Judith, libretto by René Morax, premiered at the Opéra de Monte-Carlo on 13 February 1925

1927 : H 65 Antigone, libretto by Jean Cocteau based on Sophocles, premiered at La Monnaie on 28 December 1927

• Operettas :

1925 : H 108 L'Aiglon, co-written with Jacques Ibert; libretto for acts 2–4 by H. Cain, after E. Rostand, libretto for acts 1 and 5 by Ibert, Opéra de Monte-Carlo, 10 March 1937

1930 : H Les aventures du roi Pausole, libretto by A. Willemetz, after P. Louÿs, premiered 12 December 1930, Paris, Bouffes-Parisiens

1931 : H La belle de Moudon, libretto by René Morax, , Mézières, Jorat, Switzerland, 30 May 1931, unpublished

1937 : H Les petites cardinal, libretto by Willemetz and P. Brach, after L. Halévy, Paris, Bouffes-Parisiens, 13 February 1938

• Ballets :

1918 : H 19 Le dit des jeux du monde

1921 : H 38 Horace victorieux, symphonie mimée

• Chamber music :

1917 : H 15 String Quartet No. 1 in C minor

1935 : H 103 String Quartet No. 2 in D

1937 : H 114 String Quartet No. 3 in E

1945 : H 181 Paduana for cello solo

1947 : H 193 Intrada for C trumpet and piano

References

Further reading

• Honegger's biographer was Marcel Landowski, the French composer and arts administrator, who was greatly influenced by Honegger. His biography appeared in 1978 (ISBN 2-02000227-2) although it has yet to be translated into English.
• Arthur Honegger by Harry Halbreich, translated into English by Roger Nichols. Considers both Honegger's life and works. With the cooperation of Honegger's daughter Pascale, Halbreich has fully documented Honegger's life since childhood. All works are treated, more significant ones analyzed in detail. ISBN 1-57467-041-7 (1999).
• Geoffry Spratt. "Honegger, Arthur." Grove Music Online.

External links

• Publications by and about Arthur Honegger in the catalogue Helveticat of the Swiss National Library
• Free scores by Arthur Honegger at the International Music Score Library Project
• Site Arthur Honegger – The official site on the composer; bilingual (French and English)
• Unlocking the Mystery of Honegger
• Holocaust Music - discusses the controversy of Honegger's role in the Resistance
• Cello Concerto Review
• Drama lírico Bíblico, Judith (audio online y descarga).
• Arthur Honegger – biography of the composer
• František Sláma Archive. More on the history of the Czech Philharmonic between the 1940s and the 1980s: Conductors

English Journal

• Fear-learning deficits in subjects with fibromyalgia syndrome?

• Jenewein J, Moergeli H, Sprott H, Honegger D, Brunner L, Ettlin D, Grillon C, Bloch K, Brügger M, Schwegler K, Schumacher S, Hasler G.SourceDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Rheumatology and Institute of Physical Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
• European journal of pain (London, England).Eur J Pain.2013 Oct;17(9):1374-84. doi: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00300.x. Epub 2013 Mar 7.
• BACKGROUND: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is frequently associated with psychiatric conditions, particularly anxiety. Deficits in contingency learning during fear conditioning have been hypothesized to increase anxiety and, consequently, pain sensation in susceptible individuals. The goal of this stud
• PMID 23468076

• Silencing of human papillomavirus (HPV) E6/E7 oncogene expression affects both the contents and the amounts of extracellular microvesicles released from HPV-positive cancer cells.

• Honegger A, Leitz J, Bulkescher J, Hoppe-Seyler K, Hoppe-Seyler F.SourceMolecular Therapy of Virus-Associated Cancers, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 242, Heidelberg, Germany.
• International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer.Int J Cancer.2013 Oct 1;133(7):1631-42. doi: 10.1002/ijc.28164. Epub 2013 Apr 30.
• The human papillomavirus (HPV) E6/E7 oncogenes play a crucial role in the HPV-induced carcinogenesis. In this study, the authors investigated whether silencing of endogenous HPV E6/E7 expression may influence the contents or amounts of extracellular microvesicles (eMVs) released from HPV-positive ca
• PMID 23526637

• Health-related quality of life and psychiatric symptoms improve effectively within a short time in patients surgically treated for pituitary tumors-a longitudinal study of 106 patients.

• Milian M, Honegger J, Gerlach C, Psaras T.SourceDepartment of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.
• Acta neurochirurgica.Acta Neurochir (Wien).2013 Sep;155(9):1637-45. doi: 10.1007/s00701-013-1809-7. Epub 2013 Jul 9.
• BACKGROUND: Reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a common complaint in patients suffering from pituitary tumors. Although successful tumor treatment has been reported to lead to an improvement in perceived HRQoL, the temporal gradient at which these improvements occur has not been fully
• PMID 23836354

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アルテュール・オネゲル Arthur Honegger (1892-1955) フランスの作曲家。スイス国籍。本名アルテュール・オスカル・オネゲル。1892年3月10日，北フランスのル・アーヴルに生まれる。両親はスイス人。母に就いて最初の音楽教育を受ける。

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