バフンウニ、フンウニ属
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/12/17 11:11:53」(JST)
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- Ca2+ influx-linked protein kinase C activity regulates the β-catenin localization, micromere induction signalling and the oral-aboral axis formation in early sea urchin embryos.
- Yazaki I1, Tsurugaya T2, Santella L3, Chun JT3, Amore G3, Kusunoki S4, Asada A1, Togo T5, Akasaka K2.Author information 1Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minamiohsawa 1-1, Hachiohji-shi, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan.2Misaki Marine Biological Station, University of Tokyo, Miura, Japan.3Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale 1-80121 Napoli, Italy.4LSL Co. Ltd, Nerima-ku Tokyo 178-0061, Japan.5Department of Anatomy, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Sugao, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan.AbstractSummary Sea urchin embryos initiate cell specifications at the 16-cell stage by forming the mesomeres, macromeres and micromeres according to the relative position of the cells in the animal-vegetal axis. The most vegetal cells, micromeres, autonomously differentiate into skeletons and induce the neighbouring macromere cells to become mesoendoderm in the β-catenin-dependent Wnt8 signalling pathway. Although the underlying molecular mechanism for this progression is largely unknown, we have previously reported that the initial events might be triggered by the Ca2+ influxes through the egg-originated L-type Ca2+ channels distributed asymmetrically along the animal-vegetal axis and through the stretch-dependent Ca2+channels expressed specifically in the micromere at the 4th cleavage. In this communication, we have examined whether one of the earliest Ca2+ targets, protein kinase C (PKC), plays a role in cell specification upstream of β-catenin. To this end, we surveyed the expression pattern of β-catenin in early embryos in the presence or absence of the specific peptide inhibitor of Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus PKC (HpPKC-I). Unlike previous knowledge, we have found that the initial nuclear entrance of β-catenin does not take place in the micromeres, but in the macromeres at the 16-cell stage. Using the HpPKC-I, we have demonstrated further that PKC not only determines cell-specific nucleation of β-catenin, but also regulates a variety of cell specification events in the early sea urchin embryos by modulating the cell adhesion structures, actin dynamics, intracellular Ca2+ signalling, and the expression of key transcription factors.
- Zygote (Cambridge, England).Zygote.2014 Apr 9:1-21. [Epub ahead of print]
- Summary Sea urchin embryos initiate cell specifications at the 16-cell stage by forming the mesomeres, macromeres and micromeres according to the relative position of the cells in the animal-vegetal axis. The most vegetal cells, micromeres, autonomously differentiate into skeletons and induce the ne
- PMID 24717667
- Preserved echinoderm gametes as a useful and ready-to-use bioassay material.
- Kiyomoto M1, Hamanaka G2, Hirose M2, Yamaguchi M2.Author information 1Tateyama Marine Laboratory, Marine and Coastal Research Center, Ochanomizu University, Kou-yatsu 11, Tateyama, Chiba 294-0301, Japan. Electronic address: kiyomoto.masato@ocha.ac.jp.2Tateyama Marine Laboratory, Marine and Coastal Research Center, Ochanomizu University, Kou-yatsu 11, Tateyama, Chiba 294-0301, Japan.AbstractMarine animals, and sea urchin species in particular, have several advantages for use in environmental research. However, the spawned eggs of the sea urchin quickly lose fertility, although the fertile period can be lengthened by the addition of antibiotics to the sea water (Epel et al., 2004). We evaluated five species of Japanese sea urchin and the gametes of Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus could be maintained for 2 weeks or more at low temperature with the addition of antibiotics to sea water. We also demonstrated the practicality of shipping these preserved gametes as experimental material for universities and schools to use immediately for bioassays of physical and chemical impacts on the marine environment.
- Marine environmental research.Mar Environ Res.2014 Feb;93:102-5. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2013.08.014. Epub 2013 Sep 10.
- Marine animals, and sea urchin species in particular, have several advantages for use in environmental research. However, the spawned eggs of the sea urchin quickly lose fertility, although the fertile period can be lengthened by the addition of antibiotics to the sea water (Epel et al., 2004). We
- PMID 24129269
- Mesomere-derived glutamate decarboxylase-expressing blastocoelar mesenchyme cells of sea urchin larvae.
- Katow H1, Katow T, Abe K, Ooka S, Kiyomoto M, Hamanaka G.Author information 1Division of Developmental Biology, Research Center for Marine Biology, Tohoku University, Asamushi, Aomori 039-3501, Japan.AbstractThe ontogenetic origin of blastocoelar glutamate decarboxylase (GAD)-expressing cells (GADCs) in larvae of the sea urchin Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus was elucidated. Whole-mount in situ hybridisation (WISH) detected transcription of the gene that encodes GAD in H. pulcherrimus (Hp-gad) in unfertilised eggs and all blastomeres in morulae. However, at and after the swimming blastula stage, the transcript accumulation was particularly prominent in clumps of ectodermal cells throughout the embryonic surface. During the gastrula stage, the transcripts also accumulated in the endomesoderm and certain blastocoelar cells. Consistent with the increasing number of Hp-gad transcribing cells, immunoblot analysis indicated that the relative abundance of Hp-Gad increased considerably from the early gastrula stage until the prism stage. The expression pattern of GADCs determined by immunohistochemistry was identical to the pattern of Hp-gad transcript accumulation determined using WISH. In early gastrulae, GADCs formed blastocoelar cell aggregates around the blastopore with primary mesenchyme cells. The increase in the number of blastocoelar GADCs was inversely proportional to the number of ectodermal GADCs ranging from a few percent of total GADCs in early gastrulae to 80% in late prism larvae; this depended on ingression of ectodermal GADCs into the blastocoel. Some of the blastocoelar GADCs were fluorescein-positive in the larvae that developed from the 16-cell stage chimeric embryos; these comprised fluorescein-labeled mesomeres and unlabelled macromeres and micromeres. Our finding indicates that some of the blastocoelar GADCs are derived from the mesomeres and thus they are the new group of mesenchyme cells, the tertiary mesenchyme cells.
- Biology open.Biol Open.2014 Jan 15;3(1):94-102. doi: 10.1242/bio.20136882.
- The ontogenetic origin of blastocoelar glutamate decarboxylase (GAD)-expressing cells (GADCs) in larvae of the sea urchin Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus was elucidated. Whole-mount in situ hybridisation (WISH) detected transcription of the gene that encodes GAD in H. pulcherrimus (Hp-gad) in unfertilise
- PMID 24357228
Japanese Journal
- バフンウニ種苗生産時に発生する棘抜け症防除に関する研究
- 水産技術 8(1), 1-8, 2015-08
- NAID 40020590031
- Early development and neurogenesis of Temnopleurus reevesii
- Development, growth & differentiation 57(3), 242-250, 2015-04
- NAID 120005611477
- Effect of Nickel on Embryo Development and Expression of Metallothionein Gene in the Sea Urchin (Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus)
- Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University 57(1), 145-149, 2012-02
- NAID 80022323798
Related Links
- Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus is a species of sea urchin, the only species in the genus Hemicentrotus. It is found along the coasts of Korea and China, and in Japan from Kyūshū to Ishikari Bay. It is edible, and is harvested from Kyūshū to Fukui, ...
- タイトル: Hybridization of Sea Urchins, Hemicentrotus Pulcherrimus and Glyptocidaris Crenularis. 著者: 長内, 健治. OSANAI, Kenzi. キーワード: Sea Urchins Hybridization Hemicentrotus Pulcherrimus Glyptocidaris Crenularis. 発行 日: Sep-1972 ...
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