フランキア、ランキア属、Frankia属
WordNet
- a member of the ancient Germanic peoples who spread from the Rhine into the Roman Empire in the 4th century
PrepTutorEJDIC
- フランク人(6世紀にゴール人を征服し広大な王国を建設してFranceという名称の起源となったゲルマン人)
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2015/06/29 06:51:46」(JST)
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This article is about the filamentous bacteria. For the Frankish empire, see Francia. For the plant, see Phyllanthus.
Frankia |
|
An alder root nodule. |
Scientific classification |
Kingdom: |
Bacteria |
Phylum: |
Actinobacteria |
Order: |
Actinomycetales |
Suborder: |
Frankineae |
Family: |
Frankiaceae |
Genus: |
Frankia
Brunchorst, 1886 |
Species |
F. alni (Woronin 1866) Von Tubeuf 1895
"Candidatus Frankia datiscae" Persson et al. 2011
|
Frankia is a genus of nitrogen fixing, filamentous bacteria that live in symbiosis with actinorhizal plants, similar to the Rhizobia bacteria that are found in the root nodules of legumes in the Fabaceae family. Bacteria of this genus also form root nodules.
This genus was originally named by Jørgen Brunchorst in 1886 to honor the German biologist, A. B. Frank.[1] Brunchorst considered the organism he had identified to be a filamentous fungus. Becking redefined the genus in 1970 as containing prokaryotic actinomycetes and created the family Frankiaceae within the Actinomycetales. He retained the original name of Frankia for the genus.[2]
A section through an alder root nodule
Contents
- 1 Overview
- 2 Symbiont plants
- 3 References
- 4 External links
Overview
Frankia alni is the only named species in this genus, but a great many strains are specific to different plant species. The bacteria are filamentous and convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia via the enzyme nitrogenase, a process known as nitrogen fixation. They do this while living in root nodules on actinorhizal plants. The bacteria can supply most or all of the nitrogen requirements of the host plant. As a result, actinorhizal plants colonise and often thrive in soils that are low in plant nutrients.[3]
Several Frankia genomes are now available which may help clarify how the symbiosis between prokaryote and plant evolved, how the environmental and geographical adaptations occurred, the metabolic diversity, and the horizontal gene flow among the symbiotic prokaryotes.[3]
Symbiont plants
- All species in the genus Alnus in the Betulaceae family
- Some species in all four genera in the Casuarinaceae family
- Certain species in the genus Coriaria in the Coriariaceae family
- Datisca cannabina and Datisca glomerata in the Datiscaceae family
- All species in the three genera in the Elaeagnaceae family, Elaeagnus, Shepherdia, and Hippophae
- All species in the genera Myrica, Morella, and Comptonia in the family Myricaceae.
- All species in six genera in the Rhamnaceae family, Ceanothus, Colletia, Discaria, Kentrothamnus, Retanilla, and Trevoa, and possibly Adolphia
- Some species in the Rosaceae family including all the species in the genera Cercocarpus, Cowania, and Purshia and some species of Dryas[4]
References
- ^ Prokaryotic symbionts in plants by Katharina Pawlowski, p. 107
- ^ Frankia taxonomy
- ^ a b Frankia and Actinorhizal Plants
- ^ Schwintzer & Tjepkema 1990
External links
- Frankia & Actinorhizal Plants
English Journal
- Global biogeography of Alnus-associated Frankia actinobacteria.
- Põlme S1, Bahram M, Kõljalg U, Tedersoo L.
- The New phytologist.New Phytol.2014 Aug 13. doi: 10.1111/nph.12962. [Epub ahead of print]
- Macroecological patterns of microbes have received relatively little attention until recently. This study aimed to disentangle the determinants of the global biogeographic community of Alnus-associated actinobacteria belonging to the Frankia alni complex. By determining a global sequence similarity
- PMID 25124146
- Different dynamics of genome content shuffling among host-specificity groups of the symbiotic actinobacterium Frankia.
- Kucho K1, Yamanaka T, Sasakawa H, Mansour SR, Uchiumi T.
- BMC genomics.BMC Genomics.2014 Jul 19;15(1):609. doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-609.
- BACKGROUND: Frankia is a genus of soil actinobacteria forming nitrogen-fixing root-nodule symbiotic relationships with non-leguminous woody plant species, collectively called actinorhizals, from eight dicotyledonous families. Frankia strains are classified into four host-specificity groups (HSGs), e
- PMID 25038796
- Degradation of atrazine by Frankia alni ACN14a: gene regulation, dealkylation, and dechlorination.
- Rehan M1, Kluge M, Fränzle S, Kellner H, Ullrich R, Hofrichter M.
- Applied microbiology and biotechnology.Appl Microbiol Biotechnol.2014 Jul;98(13):6125-35. doi: 10.1007/s00253-014-5665-z. Epub 2014 Mar 28.
- Atrazine is transformed to N-isopropylammelide through hydroxyatrazine as an intermediate as indicated by high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy in culture filtrates of Frankia alni ACN14a and Frankia sp. EuI1c. Both Frankia strains have the ability to degrade atrazine via dechlori
- PMID 24676750
Japanese Journal
- 水耕栽培でのハンノキおよびトキワギョリュウへの根粒菌フランキア接種による根粒形成
- 山中 高史,MANSOUR Samira R.
- 森林総合研究所研究報告 = Bulletin of the Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute 12(2), 97-103, 2013-06
- NAID 40019760599
- Isolation of Mutants of the Nitrogen-Fixing Actinomycete Frankia
- Kakoi Kentaro,Yamaura Masatoshi,Kamiharai Toshihito,Tamari Daiki,Abe Mikiko,Uchiumi Toshiki,Kucho Ken-Ichi
- Microbes and Environments, 2013
- … Frankia is a nitrogen (N)-fixing multicellular actinomycete which establishes root-nodule symbiosis with actinorhizal plants. … Several aspects of Frankia N fixation and symbiosis are distinct, but genes involved in the specific features are largely unknown because of the lack of an efficient mutant screening method. … In this study, we isolated mutants of Frankia sp. …
- NAID 130003382027
- The Determinants of the Actinorhizal Symbiosis
- Kucho Ken-ichi,Hay Anne-Emmanuelle,Normand Philippe
- Microbes and environments 25(4), 241-252, 2010-12-01
- … However, on the microbial side, complementation with Frankia DNA of Rhizobium nod mutants failed to permit identification of symbiotic genes. … Furthermore, analysis of three Frankia genomes failed to permit identification of canonical nod genes and revealed symbiosis-associated genes such as nif, hup, suf and shc to be spread around the genomes. …
- NAID 10027419561
Related Links
- Frankia という属名は、非マメ科植物の根粒中に見出された共生菌に対して、1886年 Brunchorstにより提唱された。 .... フランキアを0.3 kPa以下という非常に低い酸素分圧(大気圧での酸素分圧は20 kPa)で培養すると、ベシクルを形成する ...
- Frankia has symbiotic relationships with numerous dicot plants and is said to be responsible for 15% of the biologically fixed nitrogen in the world. One type of symbiotic relationship including plant, mycorrhiza, and Frankia is called a ...
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