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a genus of bacteria
rod-shaped motile bacteria that attack plants

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/09/18 22:49:14」(JST)

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Erwinia is a genus of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria containing mostly plant pathogenic species which was named for the famous plant pathologist, Erwin Frink Smith. It contains gram-negative bacteria related to Escherichia coli, Shigella, Salmonella and Yersinia. They are primarily rod-shaped bacteria.

Many infect woody plants. A well-known member of this genus is the species E. amylovora, which causes fire blight on apples, pears, and other Rosaceae crops; E. tracheiphila on the other hand causes bacterial wilt of cucurbits. Other familiar species, such as E. carotovora (another major cause of plant diseases), are more distantly related to the fire blight bacterium, and been moved to genera Brenneria, Dickeya and Pectobacterium.^[1] Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the secreted proteins of Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica revealed a low-abundance protein that was identified by mass spectrometry as a homologue of a Xanthomonas campestris avirulence protein with unknown function. The predicted Svx protein has an N-terminal signal sequence and zinc binding-region signature, and the mature protein is post-translationally modified. A 2D difference gel electrophoresis (DIGE) showed that the protein is secreted by the type II (out) secretion apparatus, which is also responsible for the secretion of the major known virulence factors, PelC and CelV. Transcription of the svx gene is under Nacyl- homoserine lactone-mediated quorum-sensing control. The svx gene was inactivated by transposon insertion. The mutant showed a decrease in virulence in potato plant assays, demonstrating a role for Svx in the pathogenicity of E. carotovora subsp. atroseptica. These results show that Svx is a previously unidentified virulence determinant which is secreted by the out machinery and is regulated by quorum sensing, two systems employed by several other virulence factors. Thus, the type II secretory machine is a conduit for virulence factors other than the main pectinnases and cellulase in E. carotovora subsp. atroseptica.^[2]

Species

Species remaining in Erwinia are:

Erwinia amylovora
Erwinia aphidicola
Erwinia billingiae
Erwinia mallotivora
Erwinia papayae
Erwinia persicina
Erwinia psidii
Erwinia pyrifoliae
Erwinia rhapontici
Erwinia toletana
Erwinia tracheiphila
Candidatus Erwinia dacicola

References

^ Toth, Ian K.; Bell, Kenneth S.; Holeva, Maria C.; Birch, Paul R. J. (1 January 2003). "Soft rot erwiniae: from genes to genomes". Molecular Plant Pathology 4 (1): 17–30. doi:10.1046/j.1364-3703.2003.00149.x.
^ Identification of a New Quorum-Sensing-Controlled Virulence Factor in Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica Secreted via the Type II Targeting Pathway

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1. 成人におけるフィラデルフィア染色体陰性急性リンパ芽球性白血病に対する導入療法 induction therapy for philadelphia chromosome negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults
2. 全身化学療法に対する輸注反応 infusion reactions to systemic chemotherapy
3. 悪性腫瘍患者における薬剤による血栓症および血管疾患 drug induced thrombosis and vascular disease in patients with malignancy
4. 小児癌患者の救急治療 emergencies in pediatric cancer patients

English Journal

Safety profile of asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi in a large compassionate-use trial.

Plourde PV1, Jeha S, Hijiya N, Keller FG, Silverman LB, Rheingold SR, Dreyer ZE, Dahl GV, Mercedes T, Lai C, Corn T.
Pediatric blood & cancer.Pediatr Blood Cancer.2014 Jul;61(7):1232-8. doi: 10.1002/pbc.24938. Epub 2014 Jan 16.
BACKGROUND: L-Asparaginase is an integral component of standard chemotherapy regimens for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Clinical hypersensitivity, a common reason for treatment discontinuation, has been reported in 10-30% of patients receiving Escherichia coli-derived asparagi
PMID 24436152

Heterologous expression of pyrroloquinoline quinone (pqq) gene cluster confers mineral phosphate solubilization ability to Herbaspirillum seropedicae Z67.

Wagh J1, Shah S, Bhandari P, Archana G, Kumar GN.
Applied microbiology and biotechnology.Appl Microbiol Biotechnol.2014 Jun;98(11):5117-29. doi: 10.1007/s00253-014-5610-1. Epub 2014 Feb 28.
Gluconic acid secretion mediated by the direct oxidation of glucose by pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) is responsible for mineral phosphate solubilization in Gram-negative bacteria. Herbaspirillum seropedicae Z67 (ATCC 35892) genome encodes GDH apoprotein but lac
PMID 24682480

Successful challenges using native E. coli asparaginase after hypersensitivity reactions to PEGylated E. coli asparaginase.

Fernandez CA1, Stewart E, Panetta JC, Wilkinson MR, Morrison AR, Finkelman FD, Sandlund JT, Pui CH, Jeha S, Relling MV, Campbell PK.
Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology.Cancer Chemother Pharmacol.2014 Jun;73(6):1307-13. doi: 10.1007/s00280-014-2464-2. Epub 2014 Apr 27.
PURPOSE: Asparaginase is an essential component of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) therapy. However, asparaginase-induced hypersensitivity reactions can compromise its efficacy either by directly influencing the pharmacokinetics of asparaginase or by leading to a discontinuation of aspa
PMID 24771103

Japanese Journal

Bacterial soft rot of myoga (Zingiber mioga) caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi

GAPPA-ADACHI Rie,MORITA Yasuaki
Journal of general plant pathology : JGPP 79(4), 270-276, 2013-07-01
NAID 10031184150

Soft rot of root chicory in Hokkaido and its causal bacteria

Lan Wei Wei,Nishiwaki Yoshie,Akino Seishi,Kondo Norio
JOURNAL OF GENERAL PLANT PATHOLOGY 79(3), 182-193, 2013-05
… These bacteria should be included with the previously reported Dickeya (=Erwinia) chrysanthemi in Saitama Prefecture, Japan, as causal pathogens of bacterial wilt of chicory. …
NAID 120005425345

E. coli asparaginase に過敏反応を示した小児急性リンパ性白血病に対する Erwinia asparaginase の安全性の検討

高橋寛吉,康勝好,加藤元博,磯部清孝,安井直子,森麻希子,秋山康介,菊地陽,花田良二
臨床血液 54(4), 370-377, 2013-04-30
NAID 10031171341

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「エルウィニア」「エルウィニア属」
拡張検索	「Erwinia属」「Erwinia chrysanthemi」「Erwinia carotovora」

「エルウィニア」

Erwinia
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Proteobacteria
Class:	Gamma-Proteobacteria
Order:	Enterobacteriales
Family:	Enterobacteriaceae
Genus:	Erwinia; Winslow et al.[verification needed], 1920
Type species
	Erwinia amylovora NCPPB 683;
Species
	About a dozen[verification needed], see text

　　[★]

ラ: Erwinia
関: エルウィニア属、Erwinia属

「エルウィニア属」

　　[★]

ラ: Erwinia
関: エルウィニア、Erwinia属

「Erwinia属」

　　[★]

ラ: Erwinia
関: エルウィニア属、エルウィニア

「Erwinia chrysanthemi」

　　[★]

黒脚病菌

関: E. chrysanthemi、Pectobacterium chrysanthemi

「Erwinia carotovora」

　　[★]

軟腐病菌

関: E. carotovora、Pectobacterium carotovorum

[1] Toth, Ian K.; Bell, Kenneth S.; Holeva, Maria C.; Birch, Paul R. J. (1 January 2003). "Soft rot erwiniae: from genes to genomes". Molecular Plant Pathology 4 (1): 17–30. doi:10.1046/j.1364-3703.2003.00149.x.

[2] Identification of a New Quorum-Sensing-Controlled Virulence Factor in Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica Secreted via the Type II Targeting Pathway

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案内

Erwinia