Curie

キュリー

関

Ci

　 　 　

WordNet

1. French chemist (born in Poland) who won two Nobel prizes; one (with her husband and Henri Becquerel) for research on radioactivity and another for her discovery of radium and polonium (1867-1934) (同)Marie Curie, Madame Curie, Marya Sklodowska
2. French physicist; husband of Marie Curie (1859-1906) (同)Pierre Curie
3. the temperature above which a ferromagnetic substance loses its ferromagnetism and becomes paramagnetic (同)Curie point
4. French physicist who (with her husband) synthesized new chemical elements (1897-1956) (同)Irene Joliot-Curie
5. a unit of radioactivity equal to the amount of a radioactive isotope that decays at the rate of 37,000,000,000 disintegrations per second (同)Ci

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. キュリー夫人(『Marie』 ~;1867‐1934;夫のPierreと協力してラジウムを発見したフランスの化学者) / 〈C〉《C-》キュリー(放射能の単位)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/11/27 12:56:06」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

For other uses, see Curie (disambiguation).

The curie (symbol Ci) is a non-SI unit of radioactivity, named after Pierre Curie, but probably also after Marie Curie. It was originally defined as 'the quantity or mass of radium emanation in equilibrium with one gram of radium (element)' but is currently defined as: 1 Ci = 3.7 × 10¹⁰ decays per second after more accurate measurements of the activity of ²²⁶Ra (which has a specific activity of 3.66 x 10¹⁰ Bq/g.)

In 1975 the General Conference on Weights and Measures gave the becquerel (Bq), equal to one reciprocal second, official status as the SI unit of activity. Therefore:

1 Ci = 3.7 × 10¹⁰ Bq = 37 GBq

and

1 Bq ≅ 2.703 × 10⁻¹¹ Ci ≅ 27 pCi

While its continued use is discouraged by NIST and other bodies, the curie is still widely used throughout the government, industry and medicine in the United States and in other countries.

The curie is a large amount of activity, and was intentionally so. According to Bertram Boltwood, Marie Curie thought that 'the use of the name "curie" for so infinitesimally small (a) quantity of anything was altogether inappropriate.'

The typical human body contains roughly 0.1 μCi (14 mg) of naturally occurring potassium-40. A human body containing 16 kg of carbon (see Composition of the human body) would also have about 24 nanograms or 0.1 μCi of carbon-14. Together, these would have an activity of approximately 0.2 μCi or 7400 Bq inside the person's body.

Curie as a measure of quantity

Units of activity (the curie and the becquerel) also refer to a quantity of radioactive atoms. Because the probability of decay is a fixed physical quantity, for a known number of atoms of a particular radionuclide, a predicable number will decay in a given time. The number of decays that will occur in one second in one gram of atoms of a particular radionuclide is known as the specific activity of that radionuclide.

The activity of a sample decreases with time because of decay.

The rules of radioactive decay may be used to convert activity to an actual number of atoms. They state that 1 Ci of radioactive atoms would follow the expression:

N (atoms) × λ (s⁻¹) = 1 Ci = 3.7 × 10¹⁰ (Bq)

and so,

N = 3.7 × 10¹⁰ / λ,

where λ is the decay constant in (s⁻¹).

We can also express activity in moles:

$\begin{align}\text{1 Ci}&=\frac{3.7\times 10^{10}}{(\ln 2)N_{\rm A}}\text{ moles}\times t_{1/2}\text{ in seconds}\\ &\approx 8.8639\times 10^{-14}\text{ moles}\times t_{1/2}\text{ in seconds}\\ &\approx 5.3183\times 10^{-12}\text{ moles}\times t_{1/2}\text{ in minutes}\\ &\approx 3.1910\times 10^{-10}\text{ moles}\times t_{1/2}\text{ in hours}\\ &\approx 7.6584\times 10^{-9}\text{ moles}\times t_{1/2}\text{ in days}\\ &\approx 2.7972\times 10^{-6}\text{ moles}\times t_{1/2}\text{ in years} \end{align}$

where N_A is Avogadro's number and t_1/2 is the half life. The number of moles may be converted to grams by multiplying by the atomic mass.

Here are some examples:

Isotope	Half life	Mass of 1 curie	Specific activity (Ci/g)
232Th	7010140500000000000♠1.405×1010 years	9.1 tonnes	6993110000000000000♠1.1×10−7 (110,000 pCi/g, 0.11 µCi/g)
238U	7009447100000000000♠4.471×109 years	2.977 tonnes	6993340000000000000♠3.4×10−7 (340,000 pCi/g, 0.34 µCi/g)
40K	7009125000000000000♠1.25×109 years	140 kg	6994709999999999999♠7.1×10−6 (7,100,000 pCi/g, 7.1 µCi/g)
235U	7008703800000000000♠7.038×108 years	463 kg	6994220000000000000♠2.2×10−6 (2,160,000 pCi/g, 2.2 µCi/g)
129I	7007157000000000000♠15.7×106 years	5.66 kg	0.00018
99Tc	7005211000000000000♠211×103 years	58 g	0.017
239Pu	7004241100000000000♠24.11×103 years	16 g	0.063
240Pu	6563 years	4.4 g	0.23
226Ra	1601 years	1.01 g	0.99
241Am	432.6 years	0.29 g	3.43
14C	5730 years	0.22 g	4.5
238Pu	88 years	59 mg	17
137Cs	30.17 years	12 mg	83
90Sr	28.8 years	7.2 mg	139
241Pu	14 years	9.4 mg	106
60Co	1925 days	883 μg	1132
210Po	138 days	223 μg	4484
3H	12.32 years	104 μg	9621
131I	8.02 days	8 μg	125000
123I	13 hours	0.5 μg	2000000

Radiation Related Quantities

The following table shows radiation quantities in SI and non-SI units.

Quantity	Name	Symbol	Unit	Year
Exposure (X)	roentgen	R	esu / 0.001293 g of air	1928
Absorbed dose (D)			erg•g−1	1950
	rad	rad	100 erg•g−1	1953
	gray	Gy	J•kg−1	1975
Activity (A)	curie	Ci	3.7 × 1010 s−1	1953
	becquerel	Bq	s−1	1975
Dose equivalent (H)	roentgen equivalent man	rem	100 erg•g−1	1971
	sievert	Sv	J•kg−1	1977
Fluence (Φ)	(reciprocal area)		cm−2 or m−2	1962

See also

• Geiger counter
• Ionizing radiation
• Radiation exposure
• Radiation poisoning
• Radiation burn
• United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation

References

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

• 1. 小児における放射線被曝の臨床的特徴 clinical features of radiation exposure in children
• 2. 潜在性原発乳癌の腋窩リンパ節転移 axillary node metastases with occult primary breast cancer

English Journal

• Effect of Spin Clustering on Basic and Relaxometric Properties of Magnetic Nanoparticles.

• Arosio P1, Basini M1, Barbaglia A2, Piñol R3, Murillo JL3, Millán A3, Lascialfari A.
• Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology.J Nanosci Nanotechnol.2019 May 1;19(5):2950-2962. doi: 10.1166/jnn.2019.16019.
• PMID 30501805

• Effect of Milling and Annealing on Carbon-Silver System.

• Martynková GS1, Becerik F1, Plachá D1, Pang J2, Akbulut H3, Bachmatiuk A2, Rummeli MH4.
• Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology.J Nanosci Nanotechnol.2019 May 1;19(5):2770-2774. doi: 10.1166/jnn.2019.15869.
• PMID 30501778

• Derivatives of Graphene Oxide as Potential Drug Carriers.

• Kozik V1, Bak A1, Pentak D2, Hachula B1, Pytlakowska K1, Rojkiewicz M1, Jampilek J3, Sieron K4, Jazowiecka-Rakus J5, Sochanik A5.
• Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology.J Nanosci Nanotechnol.2019 May 1;19(5):2489-2492. doi: 10.1166/jnn.2019.15855.
• PMID 30501744

• Quality assessment of olive oils based on temperature-ramped HS-GC-IMS and sensory evaluation: Comparison of different processing approaches by LDA, kNN, and SVM.

• Gerhardt N1, Schwolow S1, Rohn S2, Pérez-Cacho PR3, Galán-Soldevilla H3, Arce L4, Weller P5.
• Food chemistry.Food Chem.2019 Apr 25;278:720-728. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.11.095. Epub 2018 Nov 22.
• PMID 30583434

Japanese Journal

• Low temperature dielectric and magnetic properties of Fe-ion-doped SrTiO₃

• Physica B: Condensed Matter 521, 1-5, 2017-09-15
• NAID 120006312422

• MnSb薄膜の赤外光学特性のキュリー温度付近での温度変化 (磁気記録・情報ストレージ)

• 電子情報通信学会技術研究報告 = IEICE technical report : 信学技報 116(516), 41-43, 2017-03-10
• NAID 40021161999

• Superlattice Structures, Electronic Properties, and Spin Dynamics of the Partially Cu-Extracted Phase for the Composite Crystal System Cu<italic>_x</italic>V₄O₁₁

• Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 86(2), 2017-01-06
• NAID 160000038328

• Negative anisotropic magnetoresistance resulting from minority spin transport in NixFe4−xN (x = 1 and 3) epitaxial films

• Journal of applied physics 121(2), 023903, 2017-01
• NAID 120006023316

Related Links

• Curie | Fallout Wiki | FANDOM powered by Wikia

CVRIE (short for "Contagions Vulnerability Robotic Infirmary Engineer," dubbed Curie by Dr. Kenneth Collins) is a modified Miss Nanny robotic scientist and a potential companion living in Vault 81 in 2287. Curie began as a ...

• curieの意味・用例｜英辞郎 on the WEB：アルク

curie 【名】キュリー 放射能の強さを表す単位。1秒間に3.7E10（＝37,000,000,0... - アルクがお届けする進化するオンライン英和・和英辞書データベース。一般的な単語や連語から、イディオム、専門用語、スラングまで幅広く収録。

• インテル® Curie ™モジュールをサポート

インテル® Curie モジュール 製品の特徴、最新コンテンツに関連したインテル® Curie モジュールのサポート情報は ... 申し訳ありません。指定された絞り込み条件と一致する情報は見つかりませんでした。

---

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元

「キュリー」

「キュリー」

　　[★]

単位

英

Curie, Ci