Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references
Calcium peroxide or calcium dioxide is the inorganic compound with the formula CaO2. It is the peroxide (O22−) salt of Ca2+. Commercial samples can be yellowish, but the pure compound is white. It is almost insoluble in water.[2]
Contents
1Structure and stability
2Preparation
3Applications
4References
Structure and stability
As a solid, it is relatively stable against decomposition. In contact with water however it hydrolyzes with release of oxygen. Upon treatment with acid, it forms hydrogen peroxide.
Preparation
Calcium peroxide is produced by combining calcium salts and hydrogen peroxide:
Ca(OH)2 + H2O2 → CaO2 + 2 H2O
The octahydrate precipitates upon the reaction of calcium hydroxide with dilute hydrogen peroxide. Upon heating it dehydrates.
Applications
It is mainly used as an oxidant to enhance the extraction of precious metals from their ores. In its second main application, it is used as a food additive under the E number E930 it is used as flour bleaching agent and improving agent.[2]
In agriculture it is used in the presowing treatments of rice seed. Also, calcium peroxide has found use in the aquaculture to oxygenate and disinfect water. In the ecological restoration industry it is used in the treatment of soils. Calcium peroxide is used in a similar manner to magnesium peroxide for environmental restoration programs. It is used to restore soil and groundwater contaminated with petroleum by the process of enhanced in-situ bioremediation.
References
^ abZhao, X.; Nguyen, M.C.; Wang, C.Z.; Ho, K.M. (2013). "Structures and stabilities of alkaline earth metal peroxides XO2 (X = Ca, Be, Mg) studied by a genetic algorithm" (PDF). RSC Advances. doi:10.1039/C3RA43617A.
^ abHarald Jakob, Stefan Leininger, Thomas Lehmann, Sylvia Jacobi, Sven Gutewort, "Peroxo Compounds, Inorganic", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, doi:10.1002/14356007.a19_177.pub2CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
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e
E numbers
Colours (E100–199)
Preservatives (E200–299)
Antioxidants & acidity regulators (E300–399)
Thickeners, stabilisers & emulsifiers (E400–499)
pH regulators & anticaking agents (E500–599)
Flavour enhancers (E600–699)
Miscellaneous (E900–999)
Additional chemicals (E1100–1599)
Waxes (E900–909)
Synthetic glazes (E910–919)
Improving agents (E920–929)
Packaging gases (E930–949)
Sweeteners (E950–969)
Foaming agents (E990–999)
L-cysteine (E920)
L-cystine (E921)
Potassium persulfate (E922)
Ammonium persulfate (E923)
Potassium bromate (E924)
Chlorine (E925)
Chlorine dioxide (E926)
Azodicarbonamide (E927)
Carbamide (E927b)
Benzoyl peroxide (E928)
v
t
e
Calcium compounds
CaAl2O4
CaB6
CaBr2
Ca(BrO3)2
CaC2
CaCN2
Ca(CN)2
CaCO3
CaC2O4
CaCl2
Ca(ClO)2
Ca(ClO3)2
CaCrO4
CaF2
CaH2
Ca(HCO3)2
CaH2S2O6
CaI2
Ca(IO3)2
Ca(MnO4)2
CaN6
Ca(NO3)2
CaO
CaO2
Ca(OH)2
CaP
CaS
CaSO3
CaSO4
CaSe
CaSi
CaSi2
CaTiO3
Ca2P2O7
Ca2SiO4
Ca3Al2O6
Ca3(AsO4)2
Ca3(BO3)2
Ca3(C6H5O7)2
Ca3N2
Ca3P2
Ca4(PO4)2O
Ca3(PO4)2
Ca(H2PO4)2
CaHPO4
C36H70CaO4
v
t
e
Oxygen compounds
AgO
Al2O3
AmO2
Am2O3
As2O3
As2O5
Au2O3
B2O3
BaO
BeO
Bi2O3
BiO2
Bi2O5
BrO2
Br2O3
Br2O5
CO
CO2
C2O3
CaO
CaO2
CdO
CeO2
Ce3O4
Ce2O3
ClO2
Cl2O
Cl2O3
Cl2O4
Cl2O6
Cl2O7
CoO
Co2O3
Co3O4
CrO3
Cr2O3
Cr2O5
Cr5O12
CsO2
Cs2O3
CuO
D2O
Dy2O3
Er2O3
Eu2O3
FeO
Fe2O3
Fe3O4
Ga2O
Ga2O3
GeO
GeO2
H2O
H218O
H2O2
HfO2
HgO
Hg2O
Ho2O3
I2O4
I2O5
I2O6
I4O9
In2O3
IrO2
KO2
K2O2
La2O3
Li2O
Li2O2
Lu2O3
MgO
Mg2O3
MnO
MnO2
Mn2O3
Mn2O7
MoO2
MoO3
Mo2O3
NO
NO2
N2O
N2O3
N2O4
N2O5
NaO2
Na2O
Na2O2
NbO
NbO2
Nd2O3
OF 2
O 2F 2
O 3F 2
O 4F 2
O2PtF6
Chemical formulas
UpToDate Contents
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… Central airway obstruction (CAO) is a potentially life-threatening condition that can be due to a number of malignant and nonmalignant processes. A low threshold of suspicion for CAO is critical so that …
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English Journal
Degradation of sulfanilamide by Fenton-like reaction and optimization using response surface methodology.
Wang T, Zhou Y, Cao S, Lu J, Zhou Y.
Ecotoxicology and environmental safety. 2019 May;172()334-340.
Excess sulfonamides are discharged into the environmental system due to the abuse of antibiotics, which threatens the ecological environment and human health. In this study, the ferric and ferrous as well as calcium peroxide (CP), sodium percarbonate (SPC) and sodium persulfate (SPS) have been used
Enhanced methane production from waste activated sludge by combining calcium peroxide with ultrasonic: Performance, mechanism, and implication.
Li X, Liu Y, Xu Q, Liu X, Huang X, Yang J, Wang D, Wang Q, Liu Y, Yang Q.
Bioresource technology. 2019 May;279()108-116.
This study reported a novel and high-efficient pretreatment method for anaerobic digestion, i.e., combining calcium peroxide (CaO) with ultrasonic (US), by which not only the methane production was remarkably improved but also the removal of refractory organic contaminants was enhanced. Experimental
Extracellular hemoglobin combined with an O -generating material overcomes O limitation in the bioartificial pancreas.
Mouré A, Bacou E, Bosch S, Jegou D, Salama A, Riochet D, Gauthier O, Blancho G, Soulillou JP, Poncelet D, Olmos E, Bach JM, Mosser M.
Biotechnology and bioengineering. 2019 May;116(5)1176-1189.
The bioartificial pancreas encapsulating pancreatic islets in immunoprotective hydrogel is a promising therapy for Type 1 diabetes. As pancreatic islets are highly metabolically active and exquisitely sensitive to hypoxia, maintaining O supply after transplantation remains a major challenge. In this
Mixed venous oxygen content estimated from oxygen saturation and heart rate measured for healthy students during a study tour in Colorado
UCHIDA Katsuo
山形保健医療研究 = Yamagata Journal of Health Sciences 16, 21-27, 2013-01-01
… The difference between arterial oxygen content (CaO2) obtained from SpO2 and the estimated CvO2 (CaO2 － CvO2) was consistent with those reported by a venous catheter method or a rebreathing method. …
Effect of NaF Addition to Mold Flux on Cuspidine Primary Field
NAKADA Hideko,FUKUYAMA Hiroyuki,NAGATA Kazuhiro
ISIJ international 46(11), 1660-1667, 2006-11-15
… The phase diagram of cuspidine (3CaO2SiO<sub>2</sub>CaF<sub>2</sub>)–CaF<sub>2</sub>–NaF pseudo ternary system has been established in order to research the effect of NaF addition to mold flux on cuspidine primary field. …
Effects of Lethal Levels of Environmental Hypercapnia on Cardiovascular and Blood-Gas Status in Yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata
Lee Kyoung-Seon,Kita Jun,Ishimatsu Atsushi
Zoological science 20(4), 417-422, 2003-04-01
The cardiorespiratory responses were examined in yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata exposed to two levels of hypercapnia (seawater equilibrated with a gas mixture containing 1% CO_2 (water PCO_2=7mmHg …