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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/12/05 11:31:25」(JST)

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Bulinus is a genus of small tropical freshwater snails, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ramshorn snails and their allies.

This genus is medically important because several species of Bulinus function as intermediate hosts for the schistosomiasis blood fluke.^[3]

Shell description

The shell of species in the genus Bulinus is sinistral. It has a very large body whorl and a small spire.

Distribution

These snails are widespread in Africa including Madagascar^[4] and the Middle East.^[5]

This genus has not yet become established in the USA, but it is considered to represent a potentially serious threat as a pest, an invasive species which could negatively affect agriculture, natural ecosystems, human health or commerce. Therefore it has been suggested that this species be given top national quarantine significance in the USA.^[6]

Species

Lateral view of a shell of Bulinus truncatus.

Species within the genus Bulinus have been placed into four species groups: the Bulinus africanus group, Bulinus forskalii group, Bulinus reticulatus group and the Bulinus truncatus/tropicus complex.^[3] For the most part, species have been classified on the basis of their morphology although, in recent decades, the study of ploidy, allozymes and DNA methods have all played an increasing role in species discrimination.^[3] Morphological characters, whilst adequate to allocate a specimen to a species group are sometimes unreliable when used to classify at higher resolution especially within the Bulinus africanus group.^[3]

There are 37^[2] (or 38 species when the Bulinus mutandensis is recognized as a saparate species) species within the genus Bulinus including:

Bulinus africanus group - 10 species

Bulinus abyssinicus (Martens, 1866)^[7]
Bulinus africanus (Krauss, 1848)^[3]^[7]
Bulinus globosus (Morelet, 1866)^[3]^[7]
Bulinus hightoni Brown & Wright, 1978^[7]
Bulinus jousseaumei (Dautzenberg, 1890)^[7]
Bulinus nasutus (Martens, 1879)^[3]^[7]
Bulinus obtusispira (Smith, 1882)^[7]
Bulinus obtusus Mandahl-Barth, 1973^[7]
Bulinus ugandae Mandahl-Barth, 1954^[7]
Bulinus umbilicatus Mandahl-Barth, 1973^[7]

Bulinus forskalii group - 11 species

Bulinus barthi Jelnes, 1979^[3]^[7]
Bulinus bavayi (Dautzenberg, 1894)^[7]
Bulinus beccarii (Paladilhe, 1872)^[7]
Bulinus browni Jelnes, 1979^[7]
Bulinus camerunensis Mandahl-Barth, 1957^[3]^[7]
Bulinus canescens (Morelet, 1868)^[7]^[8]
Bulinus cernicus (Morelet, 1867)^[3]^[7]
Bulinus crystallinus (Morelet, 1868)^[7]
Bulinus forskalii (Ehrenberg, 1831)^[3]^[7]
Bulinus scalaris (Dunker, 1845)^[7]
Bulinus senegalensis Müller, 1781 - the type species of the genus^[7]

Bulinus reticulatus group - 2 species

Bulinus reticulatus Mandahl-Barth, 1954^[7]^[9]^[3]
Bulinus wrighti Mandahl-Barth, 1965^[3]^[7]

Bulinus truncatus/tropicus complex - 14-15 species

Bulinus angolensis (Morelet, 1866)^[7]
Bulinus depressus Haas, 1936^[7]
Bulinus hexaploidus Burch, 1972^[7]
Bulinus liratus (Tristram, 1863)^[7]
Bulinus mutandensis Preston, 1913^[10]
Bulinus natalensis (Küster, 1841)^[7]^[11]^[3]
Bulinus nyassanus (E. A. Smith, 1877)^[3]^[7]
Bulinus octoploidus Burch, 1972^[7]
Bulinus permembranaceus (Preston, 1912)^[7]
Bulinus succinoides (E. A. Smith, 1877)^[7]
Bulinus transversalis (Martens, 1897)^[7]
Bulinus trigonus (Martens, 1892)^[7]
Bulinus tropicus (Krauss, 1848)^[3]^[7]
Bulinus truncatus (Audouin, 1827)^[3]^[7]
Bulinus yemenensis Paggi et al., 1978^[7]

References

This article incorporates CC-BY-2.5 text from the reference^[3]

^ Müller O. F. 1781. Geschichte der Perlen-Blasen. Der Naturforscher 15: 1-20, Tab. I [= 1]. Halle.
^ ^a ^b Characterisation of Bulinus. Accessed 31 December 2008.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r Kane, R. A.; Stothard, J. R.; Emery, A. M.; Rollinson, D. (2008). "Molecular characterization of freshwater snails in the genus Bulinus: A role for barcodes?". Parasites & Vectors 1: 15. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-1-15. edit
^ Stothard, J. R.; Brémond, P.; Andriamaro, L.; Sellin, B.; Sellin, E.; Rollinson, D. (2001). "Bulinus species on Madagascar: Molecular evolution, genetic markers and compatibility with Schistosoma haematobium". Parasitology 123 Suppl: S261–S275. PMID 11769288. edit
^ Jørgensen, A.; Jørgensen, L. V. G.; Kristensen, T. K.; Madsen, H.; Stothard, J. R. (2007). "Molecular phylogenetic investigations of Bulinus (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) in Lake Malawi with comments on the topological incongruence between DNA loci". Zoologica Scripta 36 (6): 577. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2007.00298.x. edit
^ Cowie R. H., Dillon R. T., Robinson D. G. & Smith J. W. (2009). "Alien non-marine snails and slugs of priority quarantine importance in the United States: A preliminary risk assessment". American Malacological Bulletin 27: 113-132. PDF.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak Brown D. S. (1994). Freshwater Snails of Africa and their Medical Importance. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 0-7484-0026-5
^ Brown D. S. (1996). Bulinus canescens. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 6 August 2007.
^ Appleton C., Lange C. N., Kristensen T. K., Stensgaard A-S. & Van Damme D. (2009). Bulinus reticulatus. In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.4. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 03 December 2010.
^ Kyambadde R. (2004). Bulinus mutandensis. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 6 August 2007.
^ Curtis B., Jørgensen A., Kristensen T. K., Stensgaard A-S. & Van Damme D. (2009). Bulinus natalensis. In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.4. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 03 December 2010.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Bulinus

Bulinus at National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)
Nalugwa A., Jørgensen A., Nyakaana S. & Kristensen T. K. (2010). "Molecular phylogeny of Bulinus (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) reveals the presence of three species complexes in the Albertine Rift freshwater bodies". International Journal of Genetics and Molecular Biology 2(7): 130-139. abstract, PDF.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 住血吸虫症の疫学、病因、および臨床症状 epidemiology pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of schistosomiasis

English Journal

Efficacy of praziquantel and reinfection patterns in single and mixed infection foci for intestinal and urogenital schistosomiasis in Cameroon.

Tchuem Tchuenté LA, Momo SC, Stothard JR, Rollinson D.SourceCentre for Schistosomiasis and Parasitology, P.O. Box 7244 Yaoundé, Cameroon; Laboratory of Parasitology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon. Electronic address: tchuemtchuente@schisto.com.
Acta tropica.Acta Trop.2013 Jun 20. pii: S0001-706X(13)00154-X. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.06.007. [Epub ahead of print]
The regular administration of the anthelminthic drug praziquantel (PZQ) to school-aged children (and other high-risk groups) is the cornerstone of schistosomiasis control. Whilst the performance of PZQ against single schistosome species infections is well-known, performance against mixed species inf
PMID 23791803

[Parasitological profile of two forms of schistosomiasis (urinary and intestinal forms) at ten sites in Burkina Faso (Sub-Saharan Africa country)].

Zongo D, Kabre BG, Dayeri D, Savadogo B, Poda JN.SourceInstitut de recherche en sciences de la santé, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso. dramanezongo@yahoo.fr
Comptes rendus biologies.C R Biol.2013 May-Jun;336(5-6):317-9. doi: 10.1016/j.crvi.2013.04.014. Epub 2013 Jul 18.
In spite of great progress in schistosomiasis control during the last decade in Burkina Faso, this disease remains a public health concern in the country. Indeed, our study consisted of the analysis of parasitological data related to Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma mansoni and in malacologic
PMID 23916210

Use of sentinel snails for the detection of Schistosoma haematobium transmission on Zanzibar and observations on transmission patterns.

Allan F, Dunn AM, Emery AM, Stothard JR, Johnston DA, Kane RA, Khamis AN, Mohammed KA, Rollinson D.SourceWolfson Wellcome Biomedical Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK; Institute of Integrative and Comparative Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK. Electronic address: f.allan@nhm.ac.uk.
Acta tropica.Acta Trop.2013 Jan 11. pii: S0001-706X(13)00004-1. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.01.003. [Epub ahead of print]
Urogenital schistosomiasis is an important public health issue in Zanzibar. Transmission of the parasite to the human population is related to the distribution of the intermediate snail host, Bulinus globosus. We measured B. globosus abundance and Schistosoma haematobium prevalence within snails in
PMID 23318933

Japanese Journal

アフリカの中間宿主貝について

衞生動物 63(4), 283-288, 2012-12-30
NAID 10031131472

アフリカの中間宿主貝について

衛生動物 63(4), 283-288, 2012
NAID 130004559026

6 BiomphalariaおよびBulinusのフォスファーゲンキナーゼ遺伝子の分子生物学的研究(第64回日本衛生動物学会西日本支部大会講演要旨)

衞生動物 61(2), 171, 2010-06-15
NAID 110007642163

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「ブリナス」「ブリナス属」
拡張検索	「Bulinus属」

「ブリナス」

Bulinus
	A live individual of Bulinus wrighti
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
(unranked):	clade Heterobranchia; clade Euthyneura; clade Panpulmonata; clade Hygrophila
Superfamily:	Planorboidea
Family:	Planorbidae
Subfamily:	Bulininae
Tribe:	Bulinini
Genus:	Bulinus; O. F. Müller, 1781
Diversity
	37 species

　　[★]

ラ: Bulinus
関: ブリナス属、Bulinus属

「ブリナス属」

　　[★]

ラ: Bulinus
関: Bulinus属、ブリナス

「Bulinus属」

　　[★]

ラ: Bulinus
関: ブリナス属、ブリナス

[1] Müller O. F. 1781. Geschichte der Perlen-Blasen. Der Naturforscher 15: 1-20, Tab. I [= 1]. Halle.

[memorias.ioc.fiocruz.br-2] Characterisation of Bulinus. Accessed 31 December 2008.

[Kane_2008-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r Kane, R. A.; Stothard, J. R.; Emery, A. M.; Rollinson, D. (2008). "Molecular characterization of freshwater snails in the genus Bulinus: A role for barcodes?". Parasites & Vectors 1: 15. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-1-15. edit

[4] Stothard, J. R.; Brémond, P.; Andriamaro, L.; Sellin, B.; Sellin, E.; Rollinson, D. (2001). "Bulinus species on Madagascar: Molecular evolution, genetic markers and compatibility with Schistosoma haematobium". Parasitology 123 Suppl: S261–S275. PMID 11769288. edit

[5] Jørgensen, A.; Jørgensen, L. V. G.; Kristensen, T. K.; Madsen, H.; Stothard, J. R. (2007). "Molecular phylogenetic investigations of Bulinus (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) in Lake Malawi with comments on the topological incongruence between DNA loci". Zoologica Scripta 36 (6): 577. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2007.00298.x. edit

[6] Cowie R. H., Dillon R. T., Robinson D. G. & Smith J. W. (2009). "Alien non-marine snails and slugs of priority quarantine importance in the United States: A preliminary risk assessment". American Malacological Bulletin 27: 113-132. PDF.

[Brown_1994-7] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak Brown D. S. (1994). Freshwater Snails of Africa and their Medical Importance. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 0-7484-0026-5

[8] Brown D. S. (1996). Bulinus canescens. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 6 August 2007.

[9] Appleton C., Lange C. N., Kristensen T. K., Stensgaard A-S. & Van Damme D. (2009). Bulinus reticulatus. In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.4. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 03 December 2010.

[10] Kyambadde R. (2004). Bulinus mutandensis. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 6 August 2007.

[11] Curtis B., Jørgensen A., Kristensen T. K., Stensgaard A-S. & Van Damme D. (2009). Bulinus natalensis. In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.4. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 03 December 2010.

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Bulinus