出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2012/07/01 22:41:41」(JST)
Borrelia burgdorferi | |
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Borrelia burgdorferi | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Bacteria |
Phylum: | Spirochaetes |
Order: | Spirochaetales |
Family: | Spirochaetaceae |
Genus: | Borrelia |
Species: | B. burgdorferi |
Binomial name | |
Borrelia burgdorferi Johnson et al. 1984 emend. Baranton et al. 1992 |
Borrelia burgdorferi is a bacterial species of the spirochete class of the genus Borrelia, which has a double-membrane envelope.[1] B. burgdorferi is predominant in North America, but also exists in Europe, and is the agent of Lyme disease.
Lyme disease is a zoonotic, vector-borne disease transmitted by the Ixodes tick (also the vector for Babesia); the causative agent is named after the researcher Willy Burgdorfer, who first isolated the bacterium in 1982.[2] B. burgdorferi is one of the few pathogenic bacteria that can survive without iron, having replaced all of its iron-sulfur cluster enzymes with enzymes that use manganese, thus avoiding the problem many pathogenic bacteria face in acquiring iron. It takes more than 24 hours of attachment for transfer of B. burgdorferi, making regular "tick checks" helpful in preventing infection. [3]
B. burgdorferi infections have been linked to non-Hodgkin lymphomas.[4]
B. burgdorferi (B31 strain) was the third microbial genome ever sequenced, following the sequencing of both Haemophilus influenzae and Mycoplasma genitalium in 1995, and contains 910,725 base pairs and 853 genes.[5] The sequencing method used was whole genome shotgun. The sequencing project, completed and published in Nature in 1997, was conducted at The Institute for Genomic Research.
Lyme disease clinical features include the characteristic bull's eye rash and erythema chronicum migrans (a rash which spreads peripherally and spares the central part), as well as myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, arrythmia, arthritis, arthralgia, meningitis, neuropathies and facial nerve palsy.
It is common in the northeastern, midwest and western United States.
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国試過去問 | 「104I020」 |
リンク元 | 「細菌」「急性散在性脳脊髄炎」「スピロヘータ」「ボレリア属」「ボレリア症」 |
拡張検索 | 「Borrelia burgdorferi infection」 |
B
※国試ナビ4※ [104I019]←[国試_104]→[104I021]
分類 | 病原体 | 感染症 | 感染経路 | |||
スピロヘータ目 | スピロヘータ科 | トレポネーマ属 | 梅毒トレポネーマ | Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum | 梅毒 | 性行為、経胎盤 |
ボレリア属 | 回帰熱ボレリア | Borrelia recurrentis | 回帰熱 | ダニ、シラミ | ||
ライム病ボレリア | Borrelia burgdorferi | ライム病 | マダニ | |||
レプトスピラ科 | レプトスピラ属 | 黄疸出血性レプトスピラ | Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae | 黄疸出血性レプトスピラ症 (レプトスピラ症、ワイル病、黄疸性ワイル病) |
ネズミの尿 | |
スピリルム属 | 鼠咬症スピリルム | Spirillum minus | 鼠咬症 | ネズミの咬傷 |
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