Bohemian

　 　 　

WordNet

1. a native or inhabitant of Bohemia in the Czech Republic
2. of or relating to Bohemia or its language or people
3. large waxwing of northern North America; similar to but larger than the cedar waxwing (同)Bombycilla garrulus
4. unconventional in especially appearance and behavior; "a bohemian life style"
5. a nonconformist writer or artist who lives an unconventional life
6. a historical area and former kingdom in the Czech Republic

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. ボヘミアの;ボヘミア人(語)の / 《b-》放浪する;電統にとらわれない / 〈C〉ボヘミア人;〈U〉ボヘミア語 / 〈C〉《b-》伝統にとらわれない自由な生活をする人
2. ボヘミア(チェコスロバキア西部の地方で,もと王国)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/02/18 10:41:37」(JST)

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For other uses, see Bohemian (disambiguation).

A Bohemian (/bəʊˈhiːmɪən/) is a resident of the former Kingdom of Bohemia, either in a narrow sense as the region of Bohemia proper or in a wider meaning as the whole country, now known as the Czech Republic. The word "Bohemian" was used to denote the Czech people as well as the Czech language before the word "Czech" became prevalent in English. "Bohemian" may also denote "a socially unconventional person, especially one who is involved in the arts." (see Bohemianism).

Etymology

The name "Bohemia" derives from the name of the Boii, a Celtic tribe who inhabited that area towards the later La Tène period. The toponym "Boiohaemum", first attested by Tacitus, is commonly taken to mean "home of the Boii" (from the Germanic root *haima- meaning "world, home"). The word "Bohemian" was never used by the local Czech (Slavic) population.^{[citation needed]} In Czech, the region since the early Middle Ages has been called only Čechy ("Czech") or Království české ("Czech Kingdom"), and its mainly Czech-speaking inhabitants were called Čechové (in modern Czech Češi).

In most other Western European vernaculars and in Latin (as Bohemi), the word "Bohemian" or a derivate was used. If the Czech ethnic origin was to be stressed, combinations like "Bohemian of Bohemian language"(Čech českého jazyka), "a real Bohemian" (pravý Čech) etc. were used.

It was not until the 19th century that other European languages began to use the word "Czechs" (in English – Tschechen in German, Tchèques in French) in a deliberate (and successful) attempt to distinguish between Bohemian Slavs and other inhabitants of Bohemia (mostly Germans). Currently, the word "Bohemians" is sometimes used when speaking about persons from Bohemia of all ethnic origins, especially before the year 1918, when the Kingdom of Bohemia ceased to exist; also when there is need to distinguish between inhabitants of the western part (Bohemia proper) of Czechia, and the eastern (Moravia) or the north-eastern part (Silesia).

The term "Bohemianism", when used to mean "social unconventionality", comes from the French bohémien "Gypsy" "because Romani people were thought to come from Bohemia, or because they perhaps entered the West through Bohemia".

See also

• Name of the Czech Republic

References

Notes

English Journal

• Hypotonic treatment prior to freezing improves cryoresistance of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) spermatozoa.

• Dzyuba B, Cosson J, Yamaner G, Bondarenko O, Rodina M, Gela D, Bondarenko V, Shaliutina A, Linhart O.SourceUniversity of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Vodnany, Czech Republic. Electronic address: bdzyuba@frov.jcu.cz.
• Cryobiology.Cryobiology.2013 Apr;66(2):192-4. doi: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2012.12.003. Epub 2012 Dec 24.
• Post-thaw motility rate, curvilinear velocity (VCL), and fertilizing ability of carp spermatozoa can be improved by short-term treatment with moderately hypotonic media prior to freezing. Before cryopreservation, carp sperm samples were treated with NaCl solutions of differing osmolalities, ranging
• PMID 23270681

• Volume changes during the motility period of fish spermatozoa: Interspecies differences.

• Bondarenko O, Dzyuba B, Cosson J, Yamaner G, Prokopchuk G, Psenicka M, Linhart O.SourceFaculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Vodnany, Czech Republic. Electronic address: toolgab@gmail.com.
• Theriogenology.Theriogenology.2013 Mar 15;79(5):872-81. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.01.005. Epub 2013 Feb 8.
• The aim of this study was to describe spermatozoa volume changes during the motility period of fish species with either osmotic (common carp Cyprinus carpio) or with ionic (sterlet Acipenseri ruthenus and brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis) modes of motility activation. Nephelometry, light microscopy
• PMID 23394972

• Morphology and ultrastructure of beluga (Huso huso) spermatozoa and a comparison with related sturgeons.

• Linhartova Z, Rodina M, Nebesarova J, Cosson J, Psenicka M.SourceUniversity of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic. Electronic address: linhartova@frov.jcu.cz.
• Animal reproduction science.Anim Reprod Sci.2013 Mar;137(3-4):220-9. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.01.003. Epub 2013 Jan 17.
• The ultrastructure and morphology of beluga spermatozoa (Huso huso) (Acipenseridae, Chondrostei) were studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Spermatozoa of 51.27±4.71μm total length (mean±SD) were typical of sturgeon and paddlefish spermatozoa. Each consisted of an elongated nu
• PMID 23395359

• Passive sampling of perfluorinated acids and sulfonates using polar organic chemical integrative samplers.

• Fedorova G, Golovko O, Randak T, Grabic R.SourceFaculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic, fedorg00@frov.jcu.cz.
• Environmental science and pollution research international.Environ Sci Pollut Res Int.2013 Mar;20(3):1344-51. doi: 10.1007/s11356-012-1003-0. Epub 2012 Jun 6.
• The applicability of a polar organic chemical integrative sampler (POCIS) for detection and determination of perfluorinated acids and sulfonates in water was studied under field conditions. Standard POCIS configurations (i.e., pharmaceutical and pesticide) were deployed in effluent from a wastewater
• PMID 22669563

Japanese Journal

• 書評 カイトゥリン・マードック『変わりゆく場所 : 1870-1946年におけるザクセン・ボヘミア国境地域における社会・文化・領域』

• 森下 嘉之
• 境界研究 = Japan border review (5), 193-197, 2015
• NAID 40020426936

• Accessory priderite and burbankite in multiphase solid inclusions in the orogenic garnet peridotite from the Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic

• , , ,
• Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences advpub(0), 2015
• NAID 130004794918

• Accessory priderite and burbankite in multiphase solid inclusions in the orogenic garnet peridotite from the Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic

• , , ,
• Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences 110(1), 20-28, 2015
• … This paper reports on priderite (potassium titanate) and burbankite (alkali Sr–Ca–REE–Ba carbonate) from an orogenic garnet peridotite body enclosed in high–pressure garnet–kyanite–bearing quartzo–feldspathic Gföhl granulite in the Bohemian Massif of the Variscan belt. …
• NAID 130004794909

• カールシュテイン城の黙示録 : 十四世紀ボヘミアの壁画連作、その図像的起源

• 大野 松彦
• 美術史 64(1), 133-149, 2014-10
• NAID 40020259064

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