WordNet
- any of a number of tiny parallel grooves such as: the scratches left by a glacier on rocks or the streaks or ridges in muscle tissue (同)striation
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (平行に並んでいる)細い溝(筋) / 条線(氷河運動により岩の表面についたかき傷;鉱物の結晶面に走る平行線) / (円柱についている)縦溝
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- 1. 唾液腺腫瘍：限局性疾患の治療 salivary gland tumors treatment of locoregional disease
- 2. 新規発症の蕁麻疹 new onset urticaria
- 3. 食物アレルギーの疑いがある患者における病歴および身体的診察 history and physical examination in the patient with possible food allergy
- 4. 成人の顔面紅潮に対するアプローチ approach to flushing in adults
- 5. 原発性局所多汗症 primary focal hyperhidrosis
English Journal
- Layer-specific diffusion weighted imaging in human primary visual cortex in vitro.
- Kleinnijenhuis M1, Zerbi V, Küsters B, Slump CH, Barth M, van Cappellen van Walsum AM.Author information 1Department of Anatomy, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Netherlands.AbstractOne of the most prominent characteristics of the human neocortex is its laminated structure. The first person to observe this was Francesco Gennari in the second half the 18th century: in the middle of the depth of primary visual cortex, myelinated fibres are so abundant that he could observe them with bare eyes as a white line. Because of its saliency, the stria of Gennari has a rich history in cyto- and myeloarchitectural research as well as in magnetic resonance (MR) microscopy. In the present paper we show for the first time the layered structure of the human neocortex with ex vivo diffusion weighted imaging (DWI). To achieve the necessary spatial and angular resolution, primary visual cortex samples were scanned on an 11.7 T small-animal MR system to characterize the diffusion properties of the cortical laminae and the stria of Gennari in particular. The results demonstrated that fractional anisotropy varied over cortical depth, showing reduced anisotropy in the stria of Gennari, the inner band of Baillarger and the deepest layer of the cortex. Orientation density functions showed multiple components in the stria of Gennari and deeper layers of the cortex. Potential applications of layer-specific diffusion imaging include characterization of clinical abnormalities, cortical mapping and (intra)cortical tractography. We conclude that future high-resolution in vivo cortical DWI investigations should take into account the layer-specificity of the diffusion properties.
- Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior.Cortex.2013 Oct;49(9):2569-82. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2012.11.015. Epub 2012 Dec 12.
- One of the most prominent characteristics of the human neocortex is its laminated structure. The first person to observe this was Francesco Gennari in the second half the 18th century: in the middle of the depth of primary visual cortex, myelinated fibres are so abundant that he could observe them w
- PMID 23347559
- Laminar variation in threshold for detection of electrical excitation of striate cortex by macaques.
- DeYoe EA1, Lewine JD, Doty RW.Author information 1Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Box 603, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.AbstractMacaques were trained to signal their detection of electrical stimulation applied by a movable microelectrode to perifoveal striate cortex. Trains of < or =100 cathodal, 0.2-ms, constant current pulses were delivered at 50 or 100 Hz. The minimum current that could be reliably detected was measured at successive depths along radial electrode penetrations through the cortex. The lowest detection thresholds were routinely encountered when the stimulation was applied to layer 3, particularly just at the juncture between layers 3 and 4A. On the average, there was a twofold variation in threshold along the penetrations, with the highest intracortical thresholds being in layers 4C and 6. Variations as high as 20-fold were obtained in some individual penetrations, whereas relatively little change was observed in others. The minimum detectable current was 1 muA at a site in layer 3, i.e., 10-100 times lower than that for surface stimulation. Because macaques, as do human subjects, find electrical stimulation of striate cortex to be highly similar at all loci (a phosphene in the human case), it is puzzling as to how such uniformity of effect evolves from the exceedingly intricate circuitry available to the effective stimuli. It is hypothesized that the stimulus captures the most excitable elements, which then suppress other functional moieties, producing only the luminance of the phosphene. Lowest thresholds presumably are encountered when the electrode lies among these excitable elements that can, with higher currents, be stimulated directly from some distance or indirectly by the horizontal bands of myelinated axons, the stria of Baillarger.
- Journal of neurophysiology.J Neurophysiol.2005 Nov;94(5):3443-50. Epub 2005 Aug 3.
- Macaques were trained to signal their detection of electrical stimulation applied by a movable microelectrode to perifoveal striate cortex. Trains of < or =100 cathodal, 0.2-ms, constant current pulses were delivered at 50 or 100 Hz. The minimum current that could be reliably detected was measure
- PMID 16079194
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