coccoid

WordNet

spherical; like a coccus; "a coccoid microorganism"

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/04/04 23:34:00」(JST)

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For the genus of scale insects, see Coccus (insect).

"Cocci" redirects here. For the fungal disease, see Coccidioidomycosis.

Staphylococcus bacteria

Coccus (plural cocci or coccuses) can be used to describe any bacterium that has a spherical shape. It is one of the three distinct types of bacteria shapes, the other two being bacillus (rod-shaped) and spirillum (spiral-shaped) cells. Coccus is an English loanword of a Neolatin noun, which in turn stems from the Greek masculine noun kokkos (κόκκος) meaning "berry".^[1]

The term 'coccus' is used in botany to denote a mericarp or 1-seeded segment of a schizocarp.

Arrangement

Like all bacteria, each single coccus bacterium is an entire living organism. And some species exist in groups of cells. If they do group together,^[2] the patterns they arrange themselves in are given certain names based on the shape. Diplococci are arranged in two-cell pairs; these may represent several different genera. Bacteria in the Streptococcus genus are arranged in chains. Bacteria in the Sarcina genus typically form a cuboidal arrangement of eight cells. Staphylococcus is a genus of bacteria characterized by cells arranged in tetrad clusters (four cells in a square formation) or large, often irregular, grape-like clusters. While groups of cells together form these characteristic shapes, the individual bacterial cells themselves will appear as distinct circles within the chain or cluster.

References

^ κόκκος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
^ Councilman, William Thomas. Disease and Its Causes. Project Gutenberg. Retrieved 27 March 2010.

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1. ヘリコバクターピロリ菌による急性および慢性胃炎 acute and chronic gastritis due to helicobacter pylori
2. 健常者および疾患を有する患者における腸内細菌叢の分布 spatial organization of intestinal microbiota in health and disease
3. ヘリコバクターピロリ感染の細菌学および疫学 bacteriology and epidemiology of helicobacter pylori infection
4. 頚部顔面の放線菌症 cervicofacial actinomycosis
5. ロドコッカス・エクイ感染症の微生物学、病因、および疫学 microbiology pathogenesis and epidemiology of rhodococcus equi infections

English Journal

Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp. nov., isolated from pebbles; Reclassification of the only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, Tamlicoccus marinus (Lee, 2013) as Barrientosiimonas marina comb. nov. and emended description of the genus Barrientosiimonas.

B P1, Ch S2, Ch V R1.
International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology.Int J Syst Evol Microbiol.2015 Jun 8. pii: ijs.0.000374. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.000374. [Epub ahead of print]
Strain JC268T was isolated from pebbles collected from a dam located in Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. Cells of the strain JC268T are coccoid, appear in pairs/triads/tetrads or short chains, Gram-stain-positive, non-spore forming, non-motile and obligately aerobic. Strain JC268T is catalase, oxidas
PMID 26060216

Characterization of carotenoids in soil bacteria and investigation of their photodegradation by UVA radiation via resonance Raman spectroscopy.

Kumar B N V1, Kampe B, Rösch P, Popp J.
The Analyst.Analyst.2015 Jun 1. [Epub ahead of print]
A soil habitat consists of an enormous number of pigmented bacteria with the pigments mainly composed of diverse carotenoids. Most of the pigmented bacteria in the top layer of the soil are photoprotected from exposure to huge amounts of UVA radiation on a daily basis by these carotenoids. The photo
PMID 26029748

Regulation of Helicobacter pylori Virulence Within the Context of Iron Deficiency.

Noto JM1, Lee JY2, Gaddy JA3, Cover TL4, Amieva MR5, Peek RM Jr6.
The Journal of infectious diseases.J Infect Dis.2015 Jun 1;211(11):1790-4. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiu805. Epub 2014 Dec 11.
Helicobacter pylori strains that harbor the oncoprotein CagA increase gastric cancer risk, and this risk is augmented under iron-deficient conditions. We demonstrate here that iron depletion induces coccoid morphology in strains lacking cagA. To evaluate the stability of augmented H. pylori virulenc
PMID 25505301

Japanese Journal

Relationship between cell growth and frequency of dividing cells of Microcystis aeruginosa

Yamamoto Yoshimasa,Shiah Fuh-Kwo
Plankton & benthos research 5(4), 131-135, 2010-11-01
… The validity of the assumption that the specific growth rate of coccoid microorganisms can be expressed as the absolute value of the derivative of frequency of dividing cells (FDC) with respect to time was tested experimentally using a Microcystis aeruginosa strain. …
NAID 10027122001

Coccoid Helicobacter pylori exists in the palatine tonsils of patients with IgA nephropathy

KUSANO Kenichiro,INOKUCHI Akira,FUJIMOTO Kazuma,MIYAMOTO Hiroshi,TOKUNAGA Osamu,KURATOMI Yuichiro,SHIMAZU Rintaro,MORI Daisuke,YAMASAKI Fumio,KIDERA Kazuki,TSUNETOMI Kyoko,MIYAZAKI Junji
Journal of gastroenterology 45(4), 406-412, 2010-04-01
NAID 10027215589

Kalinella bambusicola gen. et sp. nov. (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta), a novel coccoid Chlorella-like subaerial alga from Southeast Asia

Neustupa Jiri,Nemcova Yvonne,Elias Marek [他],SKALOUD Pavel
Phycological research 57(3), 159-169, 2009-09-01
NAID 10025362213

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[1] κόκκος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project

[arrangement-2] Councilman, William Thomas. Disease and Its Causes. Project Gutenberg. Retrieved 27 March 2010.

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