WordNet
- a genus of birds in the order Casuariiformes (同)genus Dromaius
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/07/14 14:06:40」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Dromaius
Temporal range: Miocene–present
PreЄ
Є
O
S
D
C
P
T
J
K
Pg
N
Middle Miocene |
|
| Dromaius novaehollandiae |
| Scientific classification |
| Kingdom: |
Animalia |
| Phylum: |
Chordata |
| Class: |
Aves |
| Order: |
Struthioniformes
or Casuariiformes) |
| Family: |
Dromaiidae |
| Subfamily: |
Dromaiinae |
| Tribe: |
Dromaiini |
| Genus: |
Dromaius
Vieillot, 1816[1] |
| Type species |
Dromaius novaehollandiae
Latham, 1790 |
| Species |
|
D. novaehollandiae Emu
†D. baudinianus Kangaroo Island emu
†Dromaius ocypus
|
|
| Geographic distribution of emu taxa and historic shoreline reconstructions around Tasmania |
| Synonyms |
|
Dromiceius (Vieillot, 1816)
Dromæus (Ranzani, 1821)
Tachea (Fleming, 1822)
Emou (Griffith & Pidgeon, 1829)
Dromicejus (Wagler, 1830)
Dromiceus (Wagler, 1830)
Dromiceus (Swainson, 1837)
Dromaeus (Agassiz, 1842)
Dromajus (Thienemann, 1845)
Dromaeius (Bonaparte, 1856)
Dromeicus (A. Newton,1893)
Peronista (Mathews, 1912)
|
Dromaius is a genus of ratite present in Australia. There is one extant species, Dromaius novaehollandiae commonly known as the emu.
In his original 1816 description of the emu, Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot used two generic names; first Dromiceius, then Dromaius a few pages later. It has been a point of contention ever since which is correct; the latter is more correctly formed, but the convention in taxonomy is that the first name given stands, unless it is clearly a typographical error.[2] Most modern publications, including those of the Australian government,[3] use Dromaius, with Dromiceius mentioned as an alternative spelling. Others misspelling synonyms are descript for genus (see synonyms in taxobox).[3] However, the Dromiceius spelling was used by Dale Russell in his 1972 naming of the dinosaur Dromiceiomimus.
Species and sub-species
Illustration by Charles-Alexandre Lesueur, based on life-drawings made during Baudin's journey and specimens kept at Jardin des Plantes. The animals were thought to be a male and female of the same species, but are now believed to be a Kangaroo Island emu and King Island emu
[4]
Several emu species were common prior to European settlement in 1788:
- Dromaius novaehollandiae, emu, remains common in most of the more lightly settled parts of mainland Australia. Overall population varies from decade to decade according to rainfall; as low as 200,000 and as high as a million, but a typical figure is about half a million individuals. Although emus are no longer found in the densely settled southern and south-western agricultural areas, the provision of permanent stock water in arid regions has allowed the mainland species to extend its range. There are five recognised sub-species or races of the emu:
- Dromaius novaehollandiae novaehollandiae – South-east Australia – whitish ruff when breeding.
- Dromaius novaehollandiae woodwardi – North Australia – slender, paler.
- Dromaius novaehollandiae rothschildi – South-west Australia – darker, no ruff during breeding.
- Dromaius novaehollandiae diemenensis – Tasmania – The Tasmanian emu, became extinct around 1850.
- Dromaius novaehollandiae ater – King Island – The King Island emu was about half the size of the mainland species. By 1805 it had been hunted to extinction by sealers and visiting sailors. Some individuals were kept in captivity in Paris, the last one dying in 1822. It was thought to be a distinct species until 2011.[5]
- Dromaius baudinianus, Kangaroo Island emu became extinct around 1827 as a result of hunting and frequent fires. The larger mainland species was introduced to Kangaroo Island in the 1920s.
- Dromaius ocypus, a prehistoric species of emu,[6] described from Late Pliocene fossils (Mampuwordu Sands Formation, Lake Palankarinna, Australia) accepted as distinct nowadays.
A number of other emu fossils from Australia described as separate species are now regarded as chronosubspecies at best, given the considerable variation even between living individuals.[7] There are also some unidentifiable remains of emu-like birds from rocks as old as the middle Miocene.[8]
References
- ^ Brands, Sheila (Aug 14, 2008). "Systema Naturae 2000 / Classification, Genus Dromaius". Project: The Taxonomicon. Retrieved Feb 4, 2009.
- ^ Alexander, W. B. (1927). "Generic Name of the Emu". Auk 44 (4): 592–593. doi:10.2307/4074902.
- ^ a b Genus Dromaius Vieillot, 1816. Australian Faunal Directory
- ^ Pfennigwerth, S. (2010). "(William T. Stearn Prize 2009) "The mighty cassowary": The discovery and demise of the King Island emu". Archives of Natural History 37: 74. doi:10.3366/E0260954109001661.
- ^ Tim H. Heupink, Leon Huynen & David M. Lambert (2011). "Ancient DNA suggests dwarf and 'giant' Emu are conspecific". PLoS One 6 (4): e18728. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0018728. PMC 3073985. PMID 21494561.
- ^ Miller, A.H. (1963). "Fossil ratite birds of the late Tertiary of South Australia". Records of the South Australian Museum 14: 413–420.
- ^ Patterson, C.; Rich, Patricia Vickers (1987). "The fossil history of the emus, Dromaius (Aves: Dromaiinae)". Records of the South Australian Museum 21: 85–117.
- ^ Walter E. Boles (2001). "A new emu (Dromaiinae) from the Late Oligocene Etadunna Formation". Emu 101 (4): 317–321. doi:10.1071/MU00052.
|
Casuariiformes (Cassowaries and Emus)
|
|
- Kingdom: Animalia
- Phylum: Chordata
- Class: Aves
- Order: Casuariiformes
|
|
| Family |
|
|
| Casuariidae (Cassowaries) |
|
Casuarius
|
- Southern cassowary (C. casuarius)
- Dwarf cassowary (C. bennetti)
- Northern cassowary (C. unappendiculatus)
- †C. lydekki
|
|
|
| Dromaiidae (Emus) |
|
Dromaius
|
- Emu (D. novaehollandiae) (sub-species: †Tasmanian emu (D. n. diemenensis))
- †Kangaroo Island emu (D. baudinianus)
- †King Island emu (D. ater)
- †D. ocypus
|
|
|
†Emuarius
|
|
|
|
|
†Extinct
|
|
English Journal
- Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIB (Sanfilippo Syndrome B) in a Commercial Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) Flock.
- Genger SC1, Mizukami K2, Martin MP1, Applegate JR Jr3, Barnes HJ1, Giger U2.
- Avian pathology : journal of the W.V.P.A.Avian Pathol.2017 Sep 15:1-27. doi: 10.1080/03079457.2017.1380293. [Epub ahead of print]
- PMID 28911234
- Bony Pits in the Ostrich (Struthio camelus) and Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) Bill Tip.
- Crole MR1, Soley JT1.
- Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007).Anat Rec (Hoboken).2017 Sep;300(9):1705-1715. doi: 10.1002/ar.23594. Epub 2017 May 2.
- PMID 28296166
- Aquatic bird bornavirus 1 infection in a captive Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae): presumed natural transmission from free-ranging wild waterfowl.
- Nielsen AMW1,2, Ojkic D3, Dutton CJ1, Smith DA2.
- Avian pathology : journal of the W.V.P.A.Avian Pathol.2017 Sep 1:1-5. doi: 10.1080/03079457.2017.1366646. [Epub ahead of print]
- PMID 28862888
Japanese Journal
- ミトコンドリアおよびマイクロサテライトDNA多型に基づく網走エミュー集団の遺伝的構造
- エミュー(Dromaius navaehollandiae)における作物副産物および製造粕類の嗜好性
- 北海道畜産草地学会報 = Hokkaido journal of livestock and grassland science 2, 85-91, 2014
- NAID 40020250165
Related Links
- Dromaius is a Farming and Farm Contracting Business based in Central Victoria, Australia
- Thesaurus Antonyms Related Words Synonyms Legend: Noun 1. Dromaius - a genus of birds in the order Casuariiformes genus Dromaius bird genus - a genus of birds Casuariiformes, order Casuariiformes - a ratite bird order ...
Related Pictures
