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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/11/29 18:37:49」(JST)

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Xylulose is a ketopentose, a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms, and including a ketone functional group. It has the chemical formula C₅H₁₀O₅. In nature, it occurs in both the L- and D-enantiomers.

Pathology

L-Xylulose accumulates in the urine in patients with pentosuria, due to a deficiency in L-xylulose reductase. Since L-xylulose is a reducing sugar like D-glucose, pentosuria patients have been wrongly diagnosed in the past to be diabetic.

References

^ Data is for L-xylulose.
^ Merck Index, 11th Edition, 9996.

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English Journal

Functional classification of rice flanking sequence tagged genes using MapMan terms and global understanding on metabolic and regulatory pathways affected by dxr mutant having defects in light response.

Chandran AK1, Lee GS2, Yoo YH1, Yoon UH3, Ahn BO4, Yun DW5, Kim JH6, Choi HK6, An G7, Kim TH8, Jung KH9.
Rice (New York, N.Y.).Rice (N Y).2016 Dec;9(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s12284-016-0089-2. Epub 2016 Apr 14.
BACKGROUND: Rice is one of the most important food crops for humans. To improve the agronomical traits of rice, the functions of more than 1,000 rice genes have been recently characterized and summarized. The completed, map-based sequence of the rice genome has significantly accelerated the function
PMID 27076183

Engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for xylitol production from lignocellulosic pentose sugars.

Dhar KS1, Wendisch VF2, Nampoothiri KM3.
Journal of biotechnology.J Biotechnol.2016 Jul 20;230:63-71. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.05.011. Epub 2016 May 13.
Xylitol is a non-fermentable sugar alcohol used as sweetener. Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC13032 was metabolically engineered for xylitol production from the lignocellulosic pentose sugars xylose and arabinose. Direct conversion of xylose to xylitol was achieved through the heterologous expression
PMID 27184428

Analysis of a new cluster of genes involved in the synthesis of the unique volatile organic compound sodorifen of Serratia plymuthica 4Rx13.

Domik D1, Magnus N1, Piechulla B2.
FEMS microbiology letters.FEMS Microbiol Lett.2016 Jul;363(14). pii: fnw139. doi: 10.1093/femsle/fnw139. Epub 2016 May 25.
The rhizobacterium Serratia plymuthica 4Rx13 emits the novel and unique volatile sodorifen (C16H26), which has a polymethylated bicyclic structure. Transcriptome analysis revealed that gene SOD_c20750 (annotated as terpene cyclase) is involved in the biosynthesis of sodorifen. Here we show that this
PMID 27231241

Japanese Journal

抗マラリア薬の開発を目指した構造生物学的研究

田中信忠,梅田知伸,日下部吉男,中西雅之,北出幸夫,中村和郎
YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 133(5), 527-537, 2013
… One example is the structural studies for S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase from Plasmodium falciparum (PfSAHH) and the other example is those for 1-deoxy-D-xylulose reductoisomerase from Plasmodium falciparum (PfDXR). …
NAID 130003361946

Identification and differential expression of two isogenes encoding 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase in Glycine max

Zhang Man,Li Kai,Liu Jianyu [他]
Plant biotechnology reports 6(4), 363-371, 2012-10-00
NAID 40019463824

抗マラリア薬の開発を指向した熱帯熱マラリア原虫由来ホスミドマイシン標的酵素の結晶構造解析

梅田知伸,日下部吉男,田中信忠
日本結晶学会誌 54(2), 107-112, 2012-04-30
… falciparum malaria through the inhibition of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (DXR), an enzyme of the non-mevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis, which is absent in humans. …
NAID 10030631972

「D-xylulose reductase」

Xylulose^[1]^[2]
Names
	IUPAC name (3R,4S)-1,3,4,5-Tetrahydroxypentan-2-one
	Other names threo-Pentulose; threo-2-Pentulose
Identifiers
CAS Number	5962-29-8 (D/L) ; 551-84-8 (D) ; 527-50-4 (L)
ChEBI	CHEBI:17399
ChemSpider	20892
	InChI InChI=1S/C5H10O5/c6-1-3(8)5(10)4(9)2-7/h3,5-8,10H,1-2H2/t3-,5+/m0/s1 Key: ZAQJHHRNXZUBTE-WVZVXSGGSA-N ; InChI=1S/C5H10O5/c6-1-3(8)5(10)4(9)2-7/h3,5-8,10H,1-2H2/t3-,5+/m0/s1 ; Key: ZAQJHHRNXZUBTE-WVZVXSGGSA-N ;
Jmol interactive 3D	Image
PubChem	22253
	SMILES C([C@@H]([C@H](C(=O)CO)O)O)O ;
Properties
Chemical formula	C5H10O5
Molar mass	150.13 g/mol
Appearance	Faint yellow syrup
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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	Infobox references